Girard Avenue Bridge

The Girard Avenue Bridge is an automobile and trolley bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that carries Girard Avenue (U.S. Route 13) over the Schuylkill River. It connects the east and west sections of Fairmount Park, and the Brewerytown neighborhood with the Philadelphia Zoo. The current bridge is the third built on the site.

Girard Avenue Bridge
Third (current) Girard Avenue Bridge (approaches 1956, bridge 1971)
Coordinates39°58′31″N 75°11′36″W
Carries US 13 (Girard Avenue)
CrossesSchuylkill River
LocalePhiladelphia
Followed by1873-74, 1969-72
History
Inaugurated1852-55
Location

First bridge

The first Girard Avenue Bridge was built 1852-55. Rudolph Hering is credited with the design; it was constructed by Adolphus Bonzano, and cost $267,000. It carried Girard Avenue over the East River Drive, the Schuylkill River, the Schuylkill Canal, and the West River Drive. A horse-drawn trolley was added in 1859. The trolley route later became the SEPTA Route 15 trolley. The bridge was a three span timber arched Howe truss bridge.

The bridge lasted less than 20 years. In December 1872, a grand jury found that it was poorly constructed and dangerous.[1] A temporary bridge was constructed, that also served as falsework for the second bridge.

Second bridge

The second Girard Avenue Bridge was built 1873-74, in anticipation of the 1876 Centennial Exposition that was to be held in West Fairmount Park. It was designed by Clarke, Reeves & Company, Engineers, built by the Phoenix Bridge Company, and cost $1,404,445. When completed, it was believed to be the largest high bridge in the United States: 1000 feet (304.8 m) in length and 100 feet (30.5 m) in width.[2] It opened on July 4, 1874, three days after the Philadelphia Zoo.[3] In 1895, the trolley crossing it was electrified. The bridge was a five span iron Pratt truss bridge.

  • "Girard Avenue Bridge, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia" by Currier & Ives.
  • Second Girard Avenue Bridge, under construction.
  • Second Girard Avenue Bridge, under construction.
  • "General view of Girard Avenue Bridge".
  • Second Girard Avenue Bridge.
  • Second Girard Avenue Bridge, circa 1875.
  • Second Girard Avenue Bridge (foreground), Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge (middle ground), circa 1875.
  • "Second Girard Avenue Bridge" (1874-1971).
  • Second Girard Avenue Bridge from Zoological Garden (c. 1895)

Third (current) bridge

The third and current Girard Avenue Bridge was built 1969-72.[4] The ornate iron railings of the 1873-74 bridge were retained for the modern highway bridge. Trolleys crossing the bridge were replaced by buses in 1992, but SEPTA Route 15 trolley service was restored in 2005.[5]

The western terminus of the bridge is the congested intersection of 34th Street and West Girard Avenue. The Philadelphia Zoo occupies the southwest corner, and the Mantua Junction Viaduct crosses over Lansdowne Drive and West Girard Avenue, then curves around the zoo. The Schuylkill Expressway's Philadelphia Zoo Exit (Exit 342) is immediately south of the intersection.

See also

References
  1. J. Thomas Scharf and Thompson Westcott, History of Philadelphia, 1609-1884 (Philadelphia, L.H. Everts & Co., 1884), vol. 3, p. 2146.
  2. William H. Shank, P.E., Historic Bridges of Pennsylvania (American Canal & Transportation Center, 1966), p. 28.
  3. Philadelphia Timeline, 1874 from www.ushistory.org
  4. "Photo of the third Girard Avenue Bridge". Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2010-04-22.
  5. John F. Calnan, Restoration of Girard Avenue Trolley Service on SEPTA's Route 15 (American Public Transportation Association, 2006)

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