Governess of the Children of France
The Governess of the Children of France (sometimes the Governess of the Royal Children) was office at the royal French court during pre-Revolutionary France and the Bourbon Restoration. She was charged with the education of the children and grandchildren of the monarch. The holder of the office was taken from the highest ranking nobility of France. The governess was supported by various deputies or under-governesses (sous gouvernantes).
Governesses of the Children of France
The Duchess of La Ferté-Senneterre with the Duke of Anjou on her lap and the Duke of Brittany, François de Troy.
Engraving of Victoire de Rohan with Madame Royale overlooked by a painting of Marie Antoinette, unknown artist.
Children of Louis XII of France
Children of Francis I of France
- Charlotte Gouffier de Boisy, Madame de Cossé-Brissac [1]
- Guillemette de Sarrebruck, comtesse de Braine
Children of Henry II of France
- 1544-1557 : Françoise de Contay (d. 1557), Madame d'Humières, Dame de Contay. [2] [3]
- Marie-Catherine Gondi, 'Madame Duperon' (d. 1570), sous gouvernante (deputy)[4]
- Charlotte de Curton (d. 1575), sous gouvernante (deputy)
- Louise de Clermont (1504-1596), comtesse de Tonnerre and duchesse d’Uzès.
- Claude Catherine de Clermont (1543-1603), Duchess of Retz.
Children of Charles IX of France
- 1572-1578: Isabelle de Crissé.[5]
Children of Henry IV of France
- 1601-1625 : Françoise de Longuejoue, baronne de Montglat (d. 1633)
Children of Louis XIII
- 1638-1643: Françoise de Lansac (1583-1657)
- 1643-1646: Marie-Catherine de Senecey (1588-1677)
Children of Louis XIV
- 1661-1664 : Julie d'Angennes, (1607-1671) duchesse de Montausier
- 1661-1672 : Louise de Prie, (1624-1709), Marquise of Toucy, Duchess of Cardona[6]
Children of the Grand Dauphin
- 1682-1691 : Louise de Prie, (1624-1709), Marquise of Toucy, Duchess of Cardona
Children of the Duke of Burgundy
- 1709-1710 : Marie Isabelle Gabrielle Angélique de La Mothe-Houdancourt (1654-1726), Duchess of La Ferté-Senneterre[7]
- 1710-1735 : Charlotte de La Mothe-Houdancourt, (1651-1744), Duchess of Ventadour[8]
- Anne Julie de Melun acted as a sous gouvernante to Madame de Ventadour[9]
- 1704-1717 : Madame de La Lande
- 1710-1717 : Marie-Suzanne de Valicourt[10]
Children of Louis XV
- 1727-1735 : Charlotte de La Mothe-Houdancourt, (1654-1744), Duchess of Ventadour.
- 1735-1754 : Marie Isabelle de Rohan, (1699-1754), Duchess of Tallard[11]
- 1727-1746 : Madame de La Lande, sous gouvernante (deputy)
- 1727-1744 : Marie-Suzanne de Valicourt, sous gouvernante (deputy)[10]
- 1729-? : Marguerite d'Armand de Mizon, sous gouvernante (deputy)
Children of Louis, Dauphin of France
- 1735-1754 : Marie Isabelle de Rohan, (1699-1754), Duchess of Tallard
- 1754-1776 : Marie Louise de Rohan, (1720-1803), Countess of Marsan[12]
- 1771-1778: Marie Angélique de Mackau, sous gouvernante (deputy)
Children of Louis XVI
- 1776-1782 : Victoire de Rohan, (1743-1807), Princess of Guéméné[13]
- 1782-1789 : Yolande de Polastron, (1749-1793), Duchess of Polignac.
- 1789-1792 : Louise Élisabeth de Croÿ, (1749-1832), Marquise of Tourzel.
- 1776-1792: Marie Angélique de Mackau, sous gouvernante (deputy)
- 1781-1792: Renée Suzanne de Soucy, sous gouvernante (deputy)
- 1785-1792: Agathe de Rambaud
Children of Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry
- 1819-1830 : Marie Joséphine Louise, duchesse de Gontaut (1773–1857)
Notes
- Les outils de la connaissance: enseignement et formation intellectuelle en ...
- Robert J. Knecht, Hero or Tyrant? Henry III, King of France, 1574-89
- The girlhood of Mary queen of Scots from her landing in France in August 1548 to her departure from France in August 1561
- Susan Broomhall, Women's Medical Work in Early Modern France
- Jacqueline Vons, Pauline Saint-Martin, [Vie et mort de Marie-Elisabeth de France (1572-1578), fille de Charles IX et Elisabeth d’Autriche http://cour-de-france.fr/article744.html?lang=fr], 2010 (http://cour-de-france.fr/article744.html)
- wife of Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt
- daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Cardona and older sister of Madame de Ventadour
- daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Cardona
- Anne Julie was the wife of Jules, Prince of Soubise and as such, grand daughter "in law" of La Ventadour
- (Génalogie de la famille de Valicourt) Souvenirs de la Flandre-Wallonne: recherches historiques et choix de documents relatifs à Douai et à la province - Volume 9 - Société d'agriculture, des sciences et arts de Douai - 1869
- daughter of Hercule Mériadec, Duke of Rohan-Rohan and Anne Geneviève de Lévis, grand daughter of the Duchess of Ventadour
- Daughter of Jules, Prince of Soubise and a great grand daughter of the Duchess of Ventadour
- great great grand daughter of the Duchess of Ventadour
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