Gustaf Dalman

Gustaf Hermann Dalman (9 June 1855 – 19 August 1941) was a German Lutheran theologian and orientalist. He did extensive field work in Palestine before the First World War, collecting inscriptions, poetry, and proverbs. He also collected physical articles illustrating the life of the indigenous farmers and herders of the country, including rock and plant samples, house and farm tools, small archaeological finds, and ceramics. He pioneered the study of biblical and early post-biblical Aramaic, publishing an authoritative grammar (1894) and dictionary (1901), as well as other works. His collection of 15,000 historic photographs and 5,000 books, including rare 16th century prints, and maps formed the basis of the Gustaf Dalman Institute at the Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, which commemorates and continues his work.

Gustaf Dalman.

Dalman served as one of the early directors of the Deutsches Evangelisches Institut für Altertumswissenschaft des heiligen Landes zu Jerusalem (German Evangelical Institute for Ancient Studies of the Holy Land in Jerusalem).[1]

The theologian and translator Franz Delitzsch, who translated the New Testament into Hebrew, entrusted to Dalman the work of "thoroughly revising" the Hebrew text.[2]

Works
  • Grammatik des Jüdisch-Palästinischen Aramäisch. 1894. 2nd edition. Leipzig, 1905.
  • Aramäische Dialektproben . . . mit Wörterverzeichnis. Leipzig, 1896.
  • Worte Iesu. Leipzig, 1898. English trans., T. & T. Clark, 1902.
  • Aramäisch-Neuhebräisches Handwörterbuch zu Targum, Talmud und Midrasch. 1901. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Frankfurt am Main, 1922.
  • Jesus-Jeschua. Leipzig, 1922. English trans., Jesus-Jeshua. Studies in the Aramaic Gospels. London, 1929.
  • Arbeit und Sitte in Palastina. [Work and Customs in Palestine] 1937. Reprinted 1964.

See also

References
  1. Ben-Arieh, Yehoshua (1999). "Non-Jewish Institutions and the Research of Palestine during the British Mandate Period: Part Two". Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Ben-Zvi Institute. 93: 111-142 (Abstract). JSTOR 23404547.
  2. Dalman, G., "The Hebrew New Testament of Franz Delitzsch", The Old and New Testament Student, Vol. 15, No. 3/4 (Sep. - Oct., 1892), pp. 145-150, available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/3158076
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