Hathorn Davey

Hathorn Davey was a British manufacturer of steam engines, based in Leeds. The Sun foundry was established in 1846 and made railway engines and pumping machinery until 1870. The premises were taken over in 1872 by Hugh Campbel, Alfred Davis and John Hathorn. They were joined by Henry Davey in 1873 and traded as Hathorn, Davey & Co from 1880. The partnership was converted to a limited company in 1901.[1] They made marine engines and pumps as well as their pumping engines for mines and waterworks. The pumping engine built for the Mersey tunnel in 1881 was described at the time as the most powerful in existence.[2] The firm was taken over by Sulzers in 1936. The premises closed in late 1981 when Sulzers moved to a new site.

The horizontal compound differential pumping engine

This was one of their more successful engines. Patented in 1871, a company brochure lists 46 examples of these large engines built up to 1906. The leaflet also gives 32 examples where a smaller version of this engine was installed underground. The differential was a small engine resembling a boiler feed pump which was used to control the speed of the larger engine.[3][4]

Davey pumps were also installed in Japan, for example at Manda coal mine in 1876.[5] The nearby Onga River Pumping Station of Yawata Steel Works also received a steam pump from Davey.[6]

The largest concentration of this design was at the Tasmania Gold Mining Co's Beaconsfield mine where three engines were assembled. Each had cylinders of 50-inch (1,300 mm) and 108-inch (2,700 mm) diameter and raised 100,000 gallons of water per hour from 2,000 ft (610 m) Each engine drove two pumprods, each weighing 170 tons and driving 6 pumps. Beaconsfield mine closed in 1914 when the pumps were overwhelmed and re-opened in 1999. At least 7 of these engines were used in the Furness iron mines, 3 at Yarlside and the remainder at Harrison Ainslie's pits.[7] There is a surviving example at Cambridge Museum of Technology.

References
  1. Sheffield Daily Telegraph 4 Nov 1901
  2. Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser 1 Nov 1881
  3. Woodall, F.D., Steam Engines and Waterwheels, Frazer Stewart, 1991 ISBN 0-903485-35-4 P. 84
  4. Watkins, G The Steam Engine in Industry, Cromwell Press 1994 ISBN 0-86190-544-X p. 59
  5. Lim, Tai Wei (2016-11-23). Energy Transitions in Japan and China: Mine Closures, Rail Developments, and Energy Narratives. Springer. p. 176. ISBN 9789811016813.
  6. "World Heritage in Nakama City". www.nakamap.jp. Retrieved 2017-04-29.
  7. McFazdean, Alen The Iron Moor, Red Earth Publications, 1989 ISBN 0-9512946-1-X
Concrete beds for horizontal compound differential engines at Yarlside No 10 and 11. One of these engines was removed to Violet pit, Roanhead
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