Hermann Trautschold

Gustav Heinrich Ludwig Hermann Trautschold (Russian: Ге́рман Адо́льфович Траутшо́льд, tr. Gérman Adólʹfovich Trautshólʹd; 17 September 1817 – October 22, 1902) was a German-Russian geologist and paleontologist and also pharmacist.[1] From 1869-1888 he was a professor at the Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy. Trautschold was known as a specialist in the paleontology and stratigraphy of Carboniferous, Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits of the European part of Russia. He was brother of painter Wilhelm Trautschold.

Hermann Trautschold
Gustav Heinrich Ludwig Hermann Trautschold
Born(1817-09-17)17 September 1817
Berlin, Holy Roman Empire
Died22 October 1902(1902-10-22) (aged 85)
Karlsruhe, German Empire
Resting placeHeidelberg
NationalityGerman
Other namesRussian: Ге́рман Адо́льфович Траутшо́льд
CitizenshipGerman Empire, Russian Empire
Alma materUniversity of Giessen
Scientific career
Fieldsgeology and paleontology
InstitutionsUniversity of Giessen
Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy
Doctoral advisorJustus von Liebig
Notes
His brother Wilhelm Trautschold was a painter.

Life

Hermann Gustav Heinrich Ludwig Trautschold was born on September 17, 1817 in Berlin, in the family of the Berlin merchant Adolf Christoph Ludwig Trautschold and Maria Charlotte Wilhelmine Trautschold (née Müller). He graduated from primary school in Spandau and a grammar school in Berlin. In 1844, Trautschold made a trip to Spain, during which he studied botanical research, and then moved to the University of Giessen, where he studied chemistry, mineralogy and crystallography in depth; He showed special interest in geology and paleontology. During his studies in Giessen, Trautschold worked for about one and a half years as an assistant in the laboratory of Justus von Liebig. In 1847, after completing his studies, he obtained a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Giessen.

Career

In 1847-1849 Trautschold traveled to Italy, Germany and Russia, where he was engaged in geological research. During his stay in Russia, he settled for a time as a home teacher in the family of the landowner of Kostroma Province, F.N. Luginin, who lived in Moscow at that time, whom he had met in Germany (one of Trautschold's students, Vladimir, later became a major physicist, professor at Moscow University ); In Russia, Hermann Trautschold was known as Gérman Adólʹfovich. In 1848 Hermann Trautschold returned to Germany, where in 1849-1857 he was dean of private educational institution.

In 1863 he was invited to teach German at the Physics and Mathematics and Medical Faculties of Moscow University. In the course of classes with students and work on translation of natural scientific works, Trautschold mastered the Russian language perfectly; But to do his favorite thing - geological research - he still could only in his spare time from the main job.

During his work at the Petrovsky Academy, Trautschold devoted much time to researching the deposits of the Carboniferous and Jurassic periods of the Moscow province, and also repeatedly undertook long-term trips with the purpose of geological survey of the Volga, Ural, Donbass, Crimea and Northern Caucasus regions. Pedagogical work of Trautschold was not limited only to conducting classes and lecturing; He arranged geological excursions for students, took care of replenishing the mineralogical collection of the Petrovsky Academy (which he was in charge of). Some of his geological collections went to Strasbourg and Lisbon, but are no longer preserved. In Russia, much of its collection is in the State Vernadsky Museum of Geology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. He was a follower of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and supported it with paleontological finds and his teaching.[2] In Russia he also promoted the darwinist and paleontologist Vladimir Kovalevsky. He contributed to the recognition of Alexander von Humboldt in Russia.

Faced with the lack of educational manuals on geology in Russian, he created a textbook "Fundamentals of Geology" in three volumes: "Geography and Geomorphy", "Paleontology" and "Stratigraphy."

From 1872 to 1886 he was secretary of the Imperial Society of Natural Scientists in Moscow. In 1884 he became a member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. 1894 Honorary member of the Silesian Society for Patriotic Culture and he was a member of the German Geological Society[3] and honorary member of the Belgian Geological Society.

Death

Trautschold died in Karlsruhe on October 22, 1902.[1]

Memory

In honor of G. A. Trautshold,[4] two types of ammonites were named - Acanthohoplites trautscholdi Simonovitsch et al., 1876,[4] Alphachoristites trautscholdi[5] and Sanmartinoceras (Sinzovia) trautscholdi (Sinzow 1870)[6](Cretaceous); view of the brachopod Zeilleria trautscholdi (Neumayr, 1876)[7] (Jurassic); view of ichthyosaurs Undorosaurus trautscholdi [8] (Jurassic); view synapsid Vivaxosaurus trautscholdi (Amalitzky 1922)[9] ( Perm); two types of horn corals - Lophophyllum trautscholdi (Stuckenberg, 1904)[10] and Stereophrentis trautscholdi (Fomitshev, 1953)[11] ( Carbon)) ; genus of sea lilies Trautscholdicrinus [12]

Works

References
  1. TRAUTSCHOLD, Hermann (von)
  2. ROBERT M. STECHER and JANIS V. KLAVINS Charles Darwin and the Moscow Society of Naturalists Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Vol. 20, No. 2 (April, 1965), pp. 157-161 Oxford University Press https://www.jstor.org/stable/24621324
  3. Member Directory German Geological Society 1878 Digitalisat
  4. (in Russian) Крымгольц Г.Я., Крымгольц Н.Г. Имена отечественных геологов в палеонтологических названиях
  5. Alphachoristites trautscholdi Stuckenberg 1905 (lamp shell) Fossilworks
  6. Michael Robert Cooper Cretaceous Fossils of South-Central Africa: An Illustrated Guide CRC Press, Sep 20, 2018 - Science - 164 pages ISBN 9780429810688
  7. Zeilleria trautscholdi Neumayr 1876 (lamp shell) Fossilworks
  8. Undorosaurus trautscholdi Fossilworks
  9. Fortunodon trautscholdi Kurkin 2012 (dicynodont) Paleobiology Database
  10. Ray Smith Bassler Faunal Lists and Descriptions of Paleozoic Corals vol. 44 Geological Society of America, 1950 - Corals, Fossil - 315 pages ISBN 9780813710440
  11. 'Guidebook' Nauka 1984
  12. Trautscholdicrinus Yakovlev 1939 (Sea lily) Fossilworks
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