Hickson Compact Group

A Hickson Compact Group (abbreviation: HCG) is a collection of galaxies designated as published by Paul Hickson in 1982.[1]

Hickson Compact Group

Alternative names	Hickson Galaxy Groups
Survey type	astronomical catalog
Target	galaxy
Named after	Paul Hickson
Related media on Wikimedia Commons

The most famous group on Hickson's list of 100 objects is HCG 92, Stephan's Quintet.

Hickson Compact Groups

According to Hickson: “Most compact groups contain a high fraction of galaxies having morphological or kinematical peculiarities, nuclear radio and infrared emission, and starburst or active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity. They contain large quantities of diffuse gas and are dynamically dominated by dark matter. They most likely form as subsystems within looser associations and evolve by gravitational processes. Strong galaxy interactions result and merging is expected to lead to the ultimate demise of the group. Compact groups are surprisingly numerous, and may play a significant role in galaxy evolution.”[2]

List

Image	HCG	Right ascension[3]	Declination[3]	Galaxy count[4]	Members	Notes
	1	00^h 26.0^m	+25° 43′	4	UGC 248, PGC 1625, PGC 1614, PGC 1618
	2	00^h 31^m 24^s	+08° 26.8′	4	UGC 312, Markarian 552, UGC 314, UGC 315
	3	00^h 34^m 11^s	−07° 35.6′	4	MCG-01-02-032, PGC 2064, PGC 2059, PGC 2043
	4	00^h 34^m 15.3^s	−21° 26′ 52″	5	ESO 540-1, ESO 540-2, PGC 2051, PGC 2057, PGC 2040
	5	00^h 38^m 54^s	+07° 03.8′	4	NGC 190, NGC 190S, MCG+01-02-042, PGC 2326
	6	00^h 39^m 10^s	−08° 23.7′	4
	7	00^h 39^m 15.9^s	+00° 53′ 17″	4	NGC 192, NGC 196, NGC 197, NGC 201	Contains three spirals and one lenticular galaxy[5]
	8	00^h 49^m 37^s	+23° 34.8′	4
	9	00^h 54^m 18^s	−23° 33.1′	4
	10	01^h 26^m 24.5^s	+34° 42′ 51″	4	NGC 536, NGC 529, NGC 531, NGC 542
	11	01^h 26.6^m	−23° 13′	4
	12	01^h 27^m 33.7^s	−04° 40′ 14″	5
	13	01^h 32.4^m	−07° 52′	5
	14	01^h 59^m 47^s	−07° 01.7′	4
	15	02^h 07^m 39.0^s	+02° 08′ 18″	6
	16	02^h 09^m 31.3^s	−10° 09′ 31″	4	NGC 835, NGC 833, NGC 838, NGC 839	Contains three starburst galaxies, two LINER galaxies, and a Seyfert 2 galaxy[6]
	17	02^h 14^m 04.5^s	+13° 18′ 54″	5
	18	02^h 39^m 06.10^s	+18° 23′ 02.0″	4
	19	02^h 42^m 45^s	−12° 24.7′	4
	20	02^h 44^m 14^s	+26° 06.2′	6
	21	02^h 45^m 16.9^s	−17° 37′ 35″	5	NGC 1099, NGC 1100, NGC 1098, NGC 1091, NGC 1092
	22	03^h 03^m 31^s	−15° 40.5′	5	NGC 1199, NGC 1190, NGC 1189, NGC 1191, NGC 1192
	23	03^h 07^m 06^s	−09° 35.1′	5	NGC 1214, NGC 1215, NGC 1216, MCG-02-08-054
	24	03^h 20.3^m	−10° 51′	4
	25	03^h 20^m 43.7^s	−01° 03′ 07″	7
	26	03^h 21^m 54^s	−13° 38.8′	4
	27	04^h 19.4^m	−11° 42′	5
	28	04^h 27^m 19^s	−10° 19.0′	4
	29	04^h 34^m 45^s	−30° 32.8′	4
	30	04^h 36.5^m	−02° 49′	4
	31	05^h 01^m 37^s	−04° 15.4′	4	NGC 1741A, PGC 16570, NGC 1741B, PGC 16571
	32	05^h 01.7^m	−15° 25′	4
	33	05^h 10^m 47.6^s	+18° 01′ 11″	4
	34	05^h 21^m 47^s	+06° 40.6′	4	NGC 1875, VV 169b, VV 169c, VV 169d
	35	08^h 45^m 20.71^s	+44° 32′ 23.1″	6
	36	09^h 09^m 24^s	+15° 47.7′	4
	37	09^h 13^m 35.6^s	+30° 00′ 51″	5
	38	09^h 27.6^m	+12° 16′	4
	39	09^h 29^m 28^s	−01° 20.7′	4
	40	09^h 38^m 54^s	−04° 51.1′	6
	41	09^h 57^m 40^s	+45° 14.4′	4
	42	10^h 00^m 13.1^s	−19° 38′ 24″	4
	43	10^h 11.2^m	−00° 01′	5
	44	10^h 18^m 00^s	+21° 48.7′	4	NGC 3185, NGC 3187, NGC 3190, NGC 3193
	45	10^h 19.2^m	+59° 06′	4
	46	10^h 22.0^m	+17° 48′	4
	47	10^h 25^m 48^s	+13° 43.9′	4
	48	10^h 37^m 45.6^s	−27° 04′ 50″	4
	49	10^h 56^m 36^s	+67° 10.8′	4
	50	11^h 17^m 06^s	+54° 55.1′	5
	51	11^h 22^m 21.6^s	+24° 19′ 41″	6
	52	11^h 26.3^m	+21° 05′	4
	53	11^h 28^m 58^s	+20° 46.6′	4
	54	11^h 29^m 15^s	+20° 34.7′	4
	55	11^h 32^m 07^s	+70° 48.7′	5
	56	11^h 32^m 32^s	+52° 56.9′	5
	57	11^h 37^m 50.5^s	+21° 59′ 06″	8	NGC 3753, NGC 3746, NGC 3750, NGC 3754, NGC 3748, NGC 3751, NGC 3745, PGC 36010	Also known as Copeland's Septet
	58	11^h 42^m 09.4^s	+10° 16′ 30″	5
	59	11^h 48^m 27^s	+12° 43.0′	5	IC 737, IC 736, PGC 36871, PGC 36867, PGC 36851
	60	12^h 03^m 05^s	+51° 41.6′	4
	61	12^h 12^m 24^s	+29° 10.7′	4	NGC 4169, NGC 4170, NGC 4174, NGC 4175
	62	12^h 53^m 05.6^s	−09° 12′ 21″	4
	63	13^h 02.2^m	−32° 46′	4
	64	13^h 25^m 43^s	−03° 51.5′	4
	65	13^h 29^m 53^s	−29° 30.0′	5
	66	13^h 38^m 33^s	+57° 18.3′	4
	67	13^h 49^m 03.5^s	−07° 12′ 20″	4
	68	13^h 53^m 40.9^s	+40° 19′ 07″	5
	69	13^h 55^m 31^s	+25° 03.8′	4
	70	14^h 04^m 07.4^s	+33° 19′ 10″	6
	71	14^h 11.1^m	+25° 29′	4
	72	14^h 47^m 55^s	+19° 03.6′	5
	73	15^h 02^m 40.1^s	+23° 21′ 13″	5
	74	15^h 19^m 28^s	+20° 53.6′	5
	75	15^h 21^m 37.0^s	+21° 10′ 50″	6
	76	15^h 31.7^m	+07° 18′	5
	77	15^h 49^m 17^s	+21° 49.7′	4
	78	15^h 48.5^m	+68° 12′	4
	79	15^h 59^m 13^s	+20° 45.1′	5	NGC 6027, NGC 6027a, NGC 6027b, NGC 6027c, NGC 6027d, NGC 6027e (tidal tail of NGC 6027)	Also known as UGC 10116, VV 115, Seyfert's Sextet or Serpens Sextet. Contains 2 lenticular galaxies, 3 spiral galaxies (one barred spiral) and a tidal tail.
	80	15^h 59^m 12^s	+65° 13.6′	4
	81	16^h 18^m 13^s	+12° 47.6′	4
	82	16^h 28^m 22.1^s	+32° 49′ 25″	4
	83	16^h 35^m 40.9^s	+06° 16′ 12″	4
	84	16^h 44^m 08^s	+77° 50.2′	6
	85	18^h 50^m 22.3^s	+73° 21′ 00″	4
	86	19^h 51^m 59.2^s	−30° 49′ 34″	4
	87	20^h 48^m 11^s	−19° 50.4′	4	ESO 597-36, PGC 65409, ESO 597-35, PGC 65414	One of the most compact groups, hosting two active galactic nuclei and a starburst among its three members, all of which show signs of interaction
	88	20^h 52.4^m	−05° 45′	4
	89	21^h 20.2^m	−03° 54′	4
	90	22^h 02^m 06.3^s	−31° 55′ 48″	4	NGC 7173, NCG 7174, and NGC 7176
	91	22^h 09^m 00.8^s	−27° 47′ 36″	4
	92	22^h 35^m 57.5^s	+33° 57′ 36″	5	NGC 7317, NGC 7318A, NGC 7318B, NGC 7319, NGC 7320C	Also called Stephan's Quintet, one galaxy of the sixsome, NGC 7320, is not part of the HCG but is a foreground galaxy in front of the five galaxies in the HCG. When discovered, two of the galaxies in the grouping were considered to be one galaxy, NGC 7318.
	93	23^h 15^m 12.2^s	+18° 59′ 31″	5
	94	23^h 17^m 16.5^s	+18° 43′ 11″	7
	95	23^h 19^m 32^s	+09° 29.5′	4
	96	23^h 27^m 58^s	+08° 46.4′	4	NGC 7674, NGC 7674A, NGC 7675, PGC 71507
	97	23^h 47^m 24.0^s	−02° 19′ 08″	5
	98	23^h 54.2^m	+00° 22′	4
	99	00^h 00^m 43^s	+28° 23.7′	4
	100	00^h 01.3^m	+13° 07′	4

Gallery

• 
  NGC 201 is a barred spiral galaxy similar to the Milky Way, a member of HCG 7[7]
• 
  HCG 22 by Hubble Space Telescope[8]
• 
  Hickson Compact Group 59 by Hubble Space Telescope
• 
  HCG 31 by Hubble Space Telescope
• 
  HCG 31
• 
  The four members of HCG 44 by Hunter Wilson

See also

• Abell catalogue
• Catalogue of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies

References

1. Hickson, Paul (1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 255: 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.
2. "Compact Groups of Galaxies". Retrieved 23 October 2006.
3. "HCG". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
4. Hickson, P. (1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 255: Part 1, 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.
5. "Anne's Picture of the Day: Hickson Compact Group 7". Anne's Astronomy News. 27 December 2012.
6. "Hubble views a bizarre cosmic quartet". Space Daily. 22 June 2015.
7. "A fossil in the making". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
8. "A members-only galaxy club". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 10 December 2013.

Further reading

• Paul Hickson (15 April 1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal, Part 1. 255: 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.
• Paul Hickson (25 October 1997). "Compact Groups of Galaxies". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 35: 357–388. arXiv:astro-ph/9710289. Bibcode:1997ARA&A..35..357H. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.35.1.357.

External links

• Astronomy Picture of the Day – Galaxy Group Hickson 31 – 22 February 2010