Hiroshi Shima

Hiroshi Shima (島 比呂志, 1918–2003, real name Kaoru Kishiue,岸上 薫) was a Japanese novelist, Hansen's disease patient and the chief editor of a literary coterie journal Kazan Chitai (Lava belt). His letter prompted a lawsuit resulting in the compensation due to the unconstitutionality of the Japanese leprosy prevention law.

Hiroshi Shima
Born	23 July 1918 Kagawa Prefecture, Japan
Died	22 March 2003 (aged 84)
Occupation	Writer and editor of a private journal Kazan Chitai
Genre	novels, short stories
Literary movement	started a movement on the unconstitutionality of the leprosy prevention law
Notable works	Katai(leprosy) karano kaihou(Freedom from leprosy), Raisha no Koe(the voice of leprosy patients), The leprosy prevention law should be amended

Name in Leprosy Sanatoriums

• Because of the presence of leprosy stigma, patients in leprosy sanatoriums usually used other names than real names not only in Japan, but also in America.

Personal History

• On July 23, 1918, Hiroshi Shima was born in Kagawa Prefecture. After becoming an assistant professor at Tokyo Norin Senmon Gakko Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, he developed leprosy and entered Ooshima Seishoen Sanatorium in 1947, and Hoshizuka Keiaien Sanatorium, Kagoshima Prefecture in 1948. In 1958, he started a literary journal Kazan Chitai (lava belt) and he was the owner-editor. In June 1990, he received a letter from a patient "why are leprosy patients not angry", concerning the unfair treatment of leprosy patients under the Japanese leprosy prevention law. In July 1997, he wrote a letter to lawyer Ikenaga, which led to the compensation lawsuit due to the unconstitutionality of the Japanese leprosy prevention law. On June 20, 1999, he left the Hoshizuka Keiaien Sanatorium into society. On March 22, 2003, he died.

In Hoshizuka Keiaien Sanatorium

• His literary ability was already known, and he was given the post of "patients' association staff in charge of a journal. He was involved in various troubles within the sanatorium.
• One of his friends commented that he was very good at collecting money, concerning his journal.

His Works

• Short novels in the Collection of leprosy literature, Vol. 3,
  • Ringo(apple),Kimyona-kuni(A strange country), Nagata Shunsaku,Karo no Ichi(The place of a cat), Homan Chuui, Seizon sengen,
  • Tamate-bako, Umino suna.
• Ikite Areba Kodansha, 1957.
• Katai(leprosy) karano kaihou(Freedom from leprosy) Shakai Hyoronsha, 1985.
• Seizon Sengen, Shakai Hyoronsha, 1996.
• Raisha no Koe(the voice of leprosy patients) , Shakai Hyoronsha, 1988.
• The leprosy prevention law should be amended. Iwanami Booklet, 1991.
• The leprosy prevention law and the human rights of leprosy patients. Shakai Hyoronsha, 1993.

Comments on his novels

• By Otohiko Kaga[1]
  • He is very good at creating novels, related to leprosy and I cannot but admit his ability of creating novels. Time has changed from the days of Hojou Tamio, a noted leprosy patient-novelist when leprosy was regarded incurable and there were unchangeable circumstances such as "it cannot be helped", and the days of Shima when leprosy can be cured with chemotherapy and doors were opening from the sanatoriums. There is surely his reason for existing, in his writing novels of his own, in view of the changing situation concerning leprosy.[2]

References

• Collection of leprosy literature, Vol. 3, Novels Koseisha, 2002, ISBN 4-7744-0392-X C0391 Y4800E.
• Katai karano kaihou. Hiroshi Shima, 1985, Shakai Hyoronsha.

Footnotes

1. Collection of leprosy literature, Vol. 3, Novels Koseisha,
2. Collection of leprosy literature, Vol. 3, Novels Koseisha.