Hope Island (India)

Hope Island is a small tadpole shaped Island situated off the coast of Kakinada, India, in Bay of Bengal.

Hope Island
Satellite image of Hope Island and Kakinada coast
Geography
LocationBay of Bengal
Coordinates16°58′38.5″N 82°20′34.5″E
Adjacent bodies of waterKakinada Bay, Bay of Bengal
Area8.04 km2 (3.10 sq mi)
Length16.2 km (10.07 mi)
Administration
India
StateAndhra Pradesh
DistrictEast Godavari district
Additional information
Time zone

Geography

Hope Island is located at 16.977°N 82.343°E / 16.977; 82.343.[1]

A relatively young island, it formed in the late 18th century, from the sediment outflow carried by the waters of the Koringa River, a distributary of the Godavari. The small bay it encloses is outflow basin of the Koringa, the northernmost distributary of the Godavari. The sand bars formed have gained permanence due to successive deposition of sand and alluvial silt due to meeting of the low salinity waters of the river meeting the saline waters of the Bay of Bengal.[2]

The area between Kakinada coast and Hope Island is known as Kakinada Bay, enclosing an area of around 146 km2 (56 sq mi). Hope Island protects the city of Kakinada from the strong storm surges coming from the Bay of Bengal. Hope Island acts as natural barrier for storm surges and possible tsunami events and provides tranquility to the ships anchored in Kakinada Bay which makes Kakinada Port one of the safest natural ports in the eastern coast of India.

The northern tip of the island is called "Godavari Point", which overlooks the entry point into the Kakinada Bay and the Kakinada harbour.

Marine habitat

The sandy beaches of Hope island, along with the adjacent Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary are a nesting ground of the vulnerable olive ridley turtle, with 482 females laying eggs on the beaches of Hope Island in 2016. In recent years hundreds of dead turtles have also washed up on the beaches due to injuries from mechanized fishing boats operating off the Andhra coast.[3] Conservationists, wildlife and forest officials have raised concern regarding the mechanized fishing, and conducted sensitization programs and retro-fitting with "turtle excluder devices" to prevent injuries to the endangered reptiles.

Population

Hope Island houses two small hamlets of fisher folk, named Putrayya Pakalu and Sorlagondu Pakalu housing about 400 families. There are also a few government buildings. The Kakinada Port authorities have conducted dredging activities in the bay in an effort to keep port activities, which has aggravated the erosion loss of land on Hope Island. Erosion due to tidal and storm surges during the cyclone season are also issues as reported by the local fisher folk - who report that erosion has bifurcated the island into two with a 50-meter wide channel.[4]

References
  1. IngentaConnect Investigation of erosion on Hope Island using IRS-1D LISS-III dat
  2. MTN 29:9-11 A Note on the Ridleys of Hope Island (Andhra Pradesh, India)
  3. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/Hope-Island-is-a-graveyard-for-Olive-Ridleys/article17023877.ece
  4. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/No-hope-for-Hope-Island/articleshow/7566185.cms
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