Idiothetic

Idiothetic literally means "self-proposition" (Greek derivation), and is used in navigation models (e.g., of a rat in a maze) to describe the use of self-motion cues,[1] rather than allothetic, or external, cues such as landmarks, to determine position and movement.[2] The word is sometimes also spelled "ideothetic" (e.g., Chen et al, 1994 [3]). Idiothetic cues include vestibular, optic flow and proprioception. Idiothetic cues are important for the type of navigation known as path integration[4][5] in which subjects navigate purely using such self-motion cues. This is achieved by an animal through the signals generated by angular and linear accelerations in the course of its exploration.[6] These information generate and update a vector towards the starting point and an accurate path for return.[6]

The term idiothetic is also used in personality psychology. Idiothetic psychology of personality suggests that personality description follows idiographic principles, while personality development centres around nomothetic principles.[7] Idiothetic-based psychological theories include James Lamiell's Critical Personalism model, George Kelly's Role Repertory Test,[8] and the narrative approaches that focus on the impact of life stories.

See also

References
  1. Whishaw, Ian Q.; Kolb, Bryan (2005). The Behavior of the Laboratory Rat: A Handbook with Tests. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 401. ISBN 0195162854.
  2. Howard, Ian P.; Rogers, Brian J. (2012-02-24). Perceiving in Depth, Volume 3: Other Mechanisms of Depth Perception. New York: Oxford University Press, USA. p. 319. ISBN 9780199764167.
  3. Chen, LL (1994). "Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex. II. Contributions of visual and ideothetic information to the directional firing". Exp Brain Res. 101 (1): 24–34. doi:10.1007/bf00243213. PMID 7843299.
  4. Mittelstaedt, H. and Mittelstaedt, M.-L. (1973). "Mechanismen der orientierung ohne richtende aussenreize." Fortschr. Zool. 21:46–58.
  5. Mittelstaedt, M.-L. and Mittelstaedt, H. (1980). "Homing by path integration in a mammal." Naturwissenschaften 67:566–567.
  6. Besnard, Stéphane; Lopez, Christophe; Brandt, Thomas; Denise, Pierre; Smith, Paul (2016). The Vestibular System in Cognitive and Memory Processes in Mammals. Frontiers Media SA. p. 69. ISBN 9782889197446.
  7. Lamiell, J. T. (1981). Toward an idiothetic psychology of personality. American Psychologist, 36(3), 276–289. http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.36.3.276
  8. Corr, Philip (2018). Personality and Individual Differences: Revisiting the Classic Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. p. 38. ISBN 9781526413604.
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