J. Anthony Movshon

Joseph Anthony Movshon (born December 10, 1950 in New York City)[1] is an American neuroscientist. He has made contributions to the understanding of the brain mechanisms that represent the form[2][3] and motion[4] of objects, and the way these mechanisms contribute to perceptual judgments[5] and visually guided movement.[6]

J. Anthony Movshon
Born
Joseph Anthony Movshon

December 10, 1950 (1950-12-10) (age 70)
New York City, New York, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
AwardsAntónio Champalimaud Vision Award 2010, National Academy of Sciences 2008, American Academy of Arts and Sciences 2009, Karl Spencer Lashley Award 2013
Scientific career
FieldsNeuroscience (Visual Neuroscience, Computational Neuroscience, Systems Neuroscience)
InstitutionsNew York University (professor)

Biography

Movshon studied at Cambridge University, obtaining his B.A. in 1972, and his Ph.D. under the supervision of Colin Blakemore in 1975. Since 1975 he has been a faculty member at New York University, where he is University Professor and Silver Professor and Director of the University's Center for Neural Science, which he founded in 1987.

Professional work

Movshon and collaborators pioneered the application of detection theory to the output of neurons in Visual cortex, to obtain a Neurometric function.[7] This work led to the suggestion that a visual percept could be due to the activity of a handful of neurons. This suggestion found later support in studies where he collaborated with William Newsome to measure the neurometric function in the brain of the observer.[8]

Movshon has contributed to understanding how visual information is processed in visual cortex, including computations for visual motion,[9] and visual texture.[10] Movshon has also contributed to understanding visual cortical development,[11] its modification by visual experience,[12] and its relation to the development of visual behavior, including the clinical visual disorder of amblyopia.[13]

Honors

Movshon received the António Champalimaud Vision Award in 2010. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2008,[14] and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2009.[15]

References
  1. "Joseph Anthony Movshon" (PDF). CV. NYU Center for Neural Science. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
  2. Movshon, J. A.; Thompson, I. D.; Tolhurst, D. J. (1978). "Receptive field organization of complex cells in the cat's striate cortex". Journal of Physiology. 283: 79–99. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012489. PMC 1282766. PMID 722592.
  3. Freeman, J.; Ziemba, C. M.; Heeger, D. J.; Simoncelli, E. P.; Movshon, J. A. (2013). "A functional and perceptual signature of the second visual area in primates". Nature Neuroscience. 16: 974–981. doi:10.1038/nn.3402. PMC 3710454.
  4. J. A. Movshon, E. H. Adelson, M. S. Gizzi and W. T. Newsome (1985). The analysis of moving visual patterns. In Pattern Recognition Mechanisms, ed. C. Chagas, R. Gattass and C. Gross (Pontificiae Academiae Scientiarum Scripta Varia 54, 117–151). Rome: Vatican Press.
  5. Newsome, W. T.; Britten, K. H.; Movshon, J. A. (1989). "Neuronal correlates of a perceptual decision". Nature. 341: 52–54. doi:10.1038/341052a0. PMID 2770878.
  6. Lisberger, S. G.; Movshon, J. A. (1999). "Visual motion analysis for pursuit eye movements in area MT of macaque monkeys". Journal of Neuroscience. 19: 2224–2246. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-06-02224.1999.
  7. Tolhurst, D. J.; Movshon, J. A.; Dean, A. F. (1983). "The statistical reliability of signals in single neurons in cat and monkey visual cortex". Vision Research. 23 (8): 775–785. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(83)90200-6. ISSN 0042-6989. PMID 6623937.
  8. Newsome, W. T.; Britten, K. H.; Movshon, J. A. (September 7, 1989). "Neuronal correlates of a perceptual decision". Nature. 341 (6237): 52–54. doi:10.1038/341052a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 2770878.
  9. Rust, NC; Mante, V; Simoncelli, EP; Movshon, JA (2006). "How MT cells analyze the motion of visual patterns". Nat Neurosci. 9: 1421–31. doi:10.1038/nn1786.
  10. Freeman, J; Ziemba, CM; Heeger, DJ; Simoncelli, EP; Movshon, JA (2013). "A functional and perceptual signature of the second visual area in primates". Nat Neurosci. 16 (7): 974–81. doi:10.1038/nn.3402. PMC 3710454.
  11. D. Y. Teller and J. A. Movshon (1986). Visual development. Vision Research (Silver Jubilee Issue) 26, 1483–1506.
  12. L. Kiorpes and J. A. Movshon (2004). Neural limitations on visual development in primates. In The Visual Neurosciences, ed. L. Chalupa and J. S. Werner, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  13. S. P. McKee, D. M. Levi and J. A. Movshon (2003). The pattern of visual deficits in amblyopia. Journal of Vision 3, 380–405 (http://www.journalofvision.org/3/5/5/).
  14. "J. Anthony Movshon". Member directory. National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved January 27, 2019.
  15. "J. Anthony Movshon". Member directory. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved January 27, 2019.
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