John B. Moran

John B. Moran (April 27, 1859 – February 6, 1909) was an American politician who served as District Attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts from 1905 to 1909.

John B. Moran
District Attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts
In office December 2, 1905 – February 6, 1909
Preceded by	Michael J. Sughrue
Succeeded by	Arthur D. Hill
Personal details
Born	April 27, 1859 Wakefield, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	February 6, 1909 (aged 49) Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.
Nationality	American
Political party	Independent (1905–06) Prohibition (1906) Democrat (1906–07) Independence League (1906–09)
Alma mater	Boston University Law School
Occupation	Lawyer

Early life

Moran was born on April 27, 1859 in Wakefield, Massachusetts to John and Ellen (Brown) Moran, Irish immigrants who moved to the United States in 1852. He worked his way through school and took three years worth of courses in one year at Boston University Law School.[1] He opened a small law office in Woburn, Massachusetts, but moved to Roxbury after six months due to slow business.[2]

Political career

Early involvement

After moving to Roxbury, Moran became involved in local politics. During the 1892 election he took the stump for Timothy V. Coakley, Democratic nominee in the Massachusetts Senate's 8th Suffolk District.[2] During the 1895 Boston mayoral election, Moran and Coakley ended up on the opposite sides, with Moran supporting Democrat Josiah Quincy and Coakley supporting Republican Edwin Upton Curtis. The two engaged in a joint debate in front of 4,000 people at the Boston Music Hall.[3] In the 1897 mayoral election, Moran broke with Quincy and supported Thomas Riley, an attorney who as the candidate of the Bryan Democrats, a group of Boston Democrats who "repudiated the Chicago platform".[4][5]

District Attorney

In 1898, Moran severely criticized Suffolk County District Attorney Oliver Stevens, who was running for reelection. Moran accused Stevens and his assistants of making decisions based on political influence, requesting unjust sentences, shielding perjurers, and other misdeeds.[6] Stevens was reelected and on March 13, 1899, Moran announced that he would no longer serve as counsel in cases in the Suffolk County Criminal Court, as be believed his opposition to Stevens' reelection made it impossible for him to try cases in that court.[7]

Stevens resigned in 1905 and Moran challenged his appointed successor, Michael J. Sughrue.[2] Sughrue won both the Republican and Democratic nominations, but Moran chose to stay in the race as an independent. Moran ran on a platform opposing graft and, following the death of Susie Geary, vowed to close down abortion clinics.[1] He had no campaign committee, funds, or staff, but upset Sughrue by 4,349 votes to become DA.[2][8] The New York Times compared his victory to that of William Travers Jerome.[1] He was sworn into office on December 2.[9] Soon after taking office, Moran closed an investigation into alleged plot to kill Martin Lomasney due to a lack of evidence.[10] He also began a crackdown on Boston hotels. He forced the Boston Police Commission to revoke the Hotel Touraine's liquor license for violating a law that prevented the sale of liquor on Sunday.[11] He also demanded that licenses be stripped from Young's Hotel, Parker House, Adams House, and the Hotel Essex for violating the "Screen Law", which prohibited obstructions to view on premises where liquor is sold.[12] The board elected to suspend instead of revoking these licenses.[13]

Run for Governor

On June 28, 1906, Moran won the Prohibition Party's nomination for Governor of Massachusetts.[14] On July 14 he announced that he would seek the Democratic Party's nomination as well.[15] He wanted to create a fusion ticket with anti-machine Republicans and requested the Democrats nominate Republican Eugene N. Foss for Lieutenant Governor.[16] On September 22 he received the nomination of the Independence League, the state's newest political organization.[17] By September 26, Moran had such a large lead in Democratic delegate count that leaders of conservative wing of the party decided that they would not present their candidate, Henry Melville Whitney, at the convention.[18] On October 4, Moran was nominated without opposition at the Democratic convention.[19] The convention also nominated William Jennings Bryan for president, which led to speculation that Moran, who opposed both Bryan and the party's other presidential frontrunner, William Randolph Hearst, would decline the party's nomination.[20] However, on October 12, he announced that he accepted the Democratic nomination in a statement in which he also denounced "Bryanism and Hearstism".[21] On October 18, Moran announced that if he was elected and reelected in 1907, he would challenged both Bryan and Hearst at the 1908 Democratic National Convention.[22]

Moran did not appear at the 1906 Democratic convention due to ill health. His physician informed him that an active campaign, along with working full-time as District Attorney, would result in permanent injury to his already frail condition.[21] Against doctor's advice made multiple speeches a night. He took small quantities of strychnine and coated his throat with cocaine in order to "keep up the action of the heart".[23] On October 16 he fainted following a 55-minute speech at Faneuil Hall.[24] On election day, Moran left Boston in order to rest.[25]

Moran lost to Republican Curtis Guild Jr. 52% to 44%.[26]

Reelection as District Attorney

Following his defeat in the gubernatorial election, Moran considered running for Governor, Mayor of Boston, or District Attorney in 1907.[27] On March 28, 1907, Moran announced that he would run for reelection as Suffolk County District Attorney.[28] His former lead assistant, Joseph A. Dennison decided to challenge Moran for the Democratic nomination.[28] Dennision defeated Moran 108 to 72 votes at the party convention to win the nomination.[29] However, Moran received the unanimous endorsement of the Independence League.[30] Due to a throat condition, Moran did not make any speeches during the campaign.[31] He was easily reelected, receiving 50,345 votes to the Republican nominee Walter A. Webster's 22,725 and Dennison's 17,932.[32]

Illness and death

From January to February 1908, Moran was a patient at the Fenway Hospital. He then spent several weeks in Waynesville, North Carolina. On June 10 he announced that he had been diagnosed with tuberculosis and needed a change of climate. He left for a sanatorium in Adirondacks on June 12.[2] He was confident that he would recover from the disease and would one day become Governor.[23] He returned to Massachusetts briefly in July but soon moved on to Denver and later Arizona. On February 6, 1909, Moran died in Phoenix, Arizona.[2]

References

1. "Boston Has A Jerome, And He Wins By 5,000". The New York Times. November 9, 1905.
2. "Death Comes After Long Fight To John B. Moran". The Boston Daily Globe. February 7, 1909.
3. "Coakley-Moran Battle of Words". The Boston Daily Globe. December 7, 1895.
4. "RILEY NAMED". The Boston Globe. November 13, 1897. p. 1. Retrieved March 22, 2018 – via pqarchiver.com.
5. "Moran Tenders His Services". The Boston Daily Globe. November 13, 1897.
6. "Moran----Stevens". The Boston Daily Globe. November 4, 1898.
7. "An Unprecedented Action". The Boston Daily Globe. March 14, 1899.
8. "Moran By 4349 Votes". The Boston Daily Globe. November 8, 1905.
9. "Mr. Moran Takes Oath of Office". The Boston Daily Globe. December 3, 1905.
10. "Collapse of Rumor". The Boston Daily Globe. December 6, 1905.
11. "Dry Times for Boston". The New York Times. December 16, 1905.
12. "Moran's Ban on Bars of Big Boston Hotels". The New York Times. December 20, 1905.
13. "Boston Hotel Bars Open". The New York Times. January 4, 1906.
14. "Moran Takes Nomination". The Boston Daily Globe. July 8, 1906.
15. "Moran Gives His Platform". The New York Times. July 15, 1906.
16. "Moran Urges Fusion Ticket". The New York Times. July 19, 1906.
17. "Moran For Governor". The Boston Daily Globe. September 23, 1906.
18. "Moran Sweeps State, Conservatives Give Up". The Boston Daily Globe. September 27, 1906.
19. "The Democratic Convention". The Boston Daily Globe. October 5, 1906.
20. "Moran Is Sure To Run". The Boston Daily Globe. October 11, 1906.
21. "Moran Takes Place As Standard Bearer". The Boston Daily Globe. October 13, 1906.
22. "Moran Candidate For President". The Boston Daily Globe. October 19, 1906.
23. "Moran Says He Will Yet Be Governor". The Boston Daily Globe. June 12, 1908.
24. "Moran Faints At Meeting". The New York Times. October 17, 1906.
25. "Moran Has Been Asleep". The Boston Daily Globe. November 9, 1906.
26. "Number of assessed polls, registered voters and persons who voted in each voting precinct in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts at the state, city and town elections". Retrieved April 25, 2019.
27. "Choice Of Three Places". The Boston Daily Globe. November 16, 1906.
28. "Moran Seeks Reelection". The Boston Daily Globe. March 29, 1907.
29. "Joseph A. Dennison Beats Moran, 108-72". The Boston Daily Globe. October 9, 1907.
30. "Moran Named By Leaguers". The Boston Daily Globe. October 13, 1907.
31. "Moran To Make No Speeches". The Boston Daily Globe. October 14, 1907.
32. "Guild Elected By 104,000; Moran Has County By 27,000". The Boston Daily Globe. November 6, 1907.