Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen

Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen was a lawyer, slave owner, and veteran of the Texas Revolution, best known as the second husband of Adelicia Hayes Franklin Acklen Cheatham, and the father of U. S. Representative Joseph H. Acklen.[1]

Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen
BornJuly 6, 1816
Huntsville, Alabama, United States
DiedSeptember 11, 1863(1863-09-11) (aged 47)
Louisiana, United States
Resting placeMount Olivet Cemetery
OccupationSoldier
Lawyer
Spouse(s)Adelicia Acklen
Children4, including Joseph H. Acklen and William Hayes Ackland

Early life

Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen was born in Huntsville, Alabama on July 6, 1816 to Samuel Black and Elizabeth Hunt Acklen. His grandfather, John Hunt, was a Revolutionary War veteran and one of the founders of Huntsville.[2] Acklen was among the first attendees of the University of Alabama, although there is no record of his graduation.[2][3][4]

Career

In 1835, Acklen joined other young men from Huntsville to join in the Texas Revolution.[2] In 1840, Acklen was appointed United States Attorney for the North Alabama Judicial District.[2]

Marriage

In 1847, Acklen visited Nashville to attend a ball hosted by John Bell, where he met the recently widowed Adelicia Franklin,[2] and they were soon engaged. They were married on May 8, 1849. However, the day prior to their marriage, she asked him to sign a contract allowing her to maintain sole ownership of the lands she brought into the marriage, to which he agreed.[1][2] Joseph and Adelicia Acklen resided primarily at the Louisiana Estates that she inherited from her first husband, Isaac Franklin, however, they also built a summer home, the Belmont Mansion, completed in 1853.[5] Acklen and Adelicia has six children, including U. S. Representative Joseph H. Acklen

Plantation management

The Louisiana Plantations required a lot of labor to maintain, and in the mid-nineteenth century, slave labor was ubiquitous. While being a slave-holder, Acklen advocated humane treatment of slaves: his short book on his maintenance of plantations included discussion on treatment of plantation slaves, which called for proper food and medicine, clean living conditions and even advising the dismissal of overseers who mistreated or were cruel to slaves.[6]

In 1863, when Acklen was nearing the end of his life and was already too weak to write on his own, he dictated what turned out to be his last known letter to his wife, where he expressed his pleasure at the end of slavery, believing that the North would soon win the war.[1]

Death

After the capture of Nashville in February 1863, Acklen returned to Louisiana to tend to the estates, at the request of Adelicia. While down there he caught what was called a “bilious remittent fever," and died on September 11, 1863.[2]

References
  1. Find a Grave - Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen
  2. Belmont Mansion - People
  3. Huntsville History Collection - Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen
  4. A Register of the Officers and Students of the University of Alabama, 1831-1901, p. 41
  5. Belmont Mansion - History
  6. Excerpts from "Advice, orders and instructions for the management, government and guidance of the general agent, overseers and employees on the plantations of Joseph A.S. Acklen" quoted from "Ought Slavery Be Perpetuated," by William Gannaway Brownlow and Abram Pryne, pp. 95-96
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