Kari Nadeau

Kari C. Nadeau is an American physician-scientist focused on allergy and asthma treatment at Stanford University School of Medicine. She is the Naddisy Family Foundation Professor of Allergy[1] and the director of the Sean N Parker Center for Allergy Research at Stanford. Her team was among the first to show that high dimensional immunophenotyping of T cells involved in allergy could be used in therapies for patients. Her research has also shown that blocking antibodies in conjunction with allergen immunotherapy produced desensitization even in patients with up to five food allergens.

Kari Nadeau
NationalityUnited States
Alma mater
Known forAllergy Prevention & Treatment
Scientific career
Fields
  • Allergy / Immunology
  • Food Allergy Desensitization
  • Oral Immunotherapy
  • Airborne Pollution and Asthma
InstitutionsStanford University
ThesisBiochemical studies on protein folding chaperones : Hsp90 and cyclophilin ; and, On trypanosomal enzymes : trypanothione and glutationylspermidine synthetases (1995)
Doctoral advisorChristopher T. Walsh
Websitemed.stanford.edu/profiles/kari-nadeau

Education

After graduating from Haverford College with a degree in biology,[2] Nadeau attended Harvard Medical School via the Medical Scientist Training Program (NIH), and received a PhD in biological chemistry and molecular pharmacology and an MD in 1995. She then performed an internship and residency in pediatrics at the Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School. From 1998 to 2002, she worked in the field of biopharmaceuticals and led clinical research to obtain FDA approval for two biologics in the field of Autoimmunity and Oncology, respectively. From 2003 to 2006, Nadeau was a fellow in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology at the Stanford/UCSF program under Dale Umetsu. During this time, she also did a postdoctoral fellowship in human immune tolerance mechanisms in asthma and allergy.[3]

Career

In 2006, Nadeau was appointed to the Stanford University School of Medicine with appointments in Pediatrics and Otolaryngology. In 2016 she was named the Naddisy Foundation Professor of Pediatric Food Allergy, Immunology and Asthma endowed professorship under the Naddisy Family Foundation.[4] Nadeau has served as a reviewer for NIH Study Sections, and a member of the American Lung Association Medical Board, CA. She serves on the Environmental Health Policy committee for the American Thoracic Society and is a Fellow in the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and is a member of ASCI (American Society of Clinical Investigation). Her laboratory focuses on the study of immunological mechanisms involved in the cause, diagnosis, and therapy for allergy and asthma.[5] In December, 2014 Sean Parker donated $24 million to Stanford to establish the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research at Stanford University,[6] with Nadeau as the director.[7][8]

In September 2020, Dr. Kari Nadeau published The End of Food Allergy: The First Program To Prevent and Reverse a 21st Century Epidemic with co-author Sloan Barnett. [9]

Research

Nadeau's laboratory is working on scientific investigations of immune tolerance. Areas of research include:

Monitoring T cells in immunotherapy and their effect on tolerance

Translational work (through conducting novel and innovative clinical studies to induce tolerance through immunotherapy) on Treg function and epigenetic changes of pivotal loci in Foxp3 and IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-4.[10][11][12][13] This research led to novel findings on markers of immune tolerance in a pilot clinical trial using peanut oral immunotherapy for near fatal peanut allergy.

Mechanisms of food allergy immunotherapy

Research focusing on safe and effective treatments for food allergies. A pilot multifood allergen immunotherapy trial demonstrated that oral immunotherapy can simultaneously and successfully achieve desensitization for multiple allergens and that adjunct use of omalizumab facilitates and decreases time to desensitization. A follow-up double-blind, randomized, controlled phase 2 study provided further evidence that in multifood allergic  patients, omalizumab improves  the efficacy of multifood oral immunotherapy and enables safe and rapid desensitization.[14][15] The data from clinical trials provided initial evidence for the safety and feasibility of oral immunotherapy for food allergies.[16][17]

T cell epitope use, discovery, and allergen identification

Clinical trials involving participants with multiple food allergies has enabled determination of associations and cross-reactivities of different food allergens. These studies have further assisted with epitope mapping, identification, and characterization of allergenic components of foods that induce clinical reactivity.[18][19] Data from these studies may, in the future, enable therapeutic targets for food allergies.[20]

Biomarkers and pollution/clinical outcomes

Dedicated, collaborative teams examining plasma, cellular, and epigenetic markers that are affected by air pollution in children, adolescents, and adults. Using well characterized cohorts in the Bay Area (for acute pollution exposure—i.e. wildfire) and in the Central Valley (for chronic exposure—i.e. Fresno is one of the highest ranked cities in the country for PM2.5 air pollution), we have been able to perform innovative and impactful research that has helped shape public policy towards mitigating pollution and its effects on the public, (especially those at risk populations (like children) and the underserved (like Hispanic populations in the Central Valley of California).[21][22]

Pollution and asthma

A number of environmental pollutants, caused by human activity, have been associated with asthma.[23] Short-term and long-term exposures to high levels of CO, NO2, and PM2.5 mediate epigenetic alterations of Foxp3 and IL-10, key genes known to be associated with T cells and atopic disease. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, found at high levels in areas of increased traffic, decrease telomere length.[24][25]

Honors and awards
  • 2006 Parker B. Francis Fellowship to Faculty Award[26]
  • 2008 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) Award for Junior Faculty[27]
  • 2008 McCormick Award, Stanford University School of Medicine[28]
  • 2010 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) STAR Grant Award[29]
  • 2010 Elected to Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA)[30]
  • 2014 Distinguished Lecture Award, NIEHS Annual Distinguished Lecture[31]
  • 2015 Elected into American Society of Clinical Investigation (ASCI)[32]
  • 2018 Chairman, Gordon Research Conference, Food Allergy[33]
  • 2019 Senior Fellow, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment[34]

Media

Nadeau and her work have made a number of media appearances supporting food allergy awareness and research:

  • New York Times, The Allergy Buster[35]
  • Katie Couric[36]
  • CNN, Funding a cure for food allergies[37]
  • NPR, The Doctor Trying To Solve The Mystery Of Food Allergies[38]
  • CBS This Morning, Encouraging news for food allergy sufferers[39]
  • Huffington Post,[40][41]
  • 60 Minutes, Allergy Free[42]
  • NBC News, Food Allergy Treatments for Children Show Promise[43]
  • Forbes, How Giving Children Foods They Are Allergic To Can Cure Them, And Other Provocative Approaches In Evolutionary Medicine[44]
  • PBS Newshour, Retraining the body to lift the life sentence of food allergies[45]
  • US News, New Hope for Kids With Multiple Food Allergies[46]
  • Stanford Scope, In Stanford clinical trial, children successfully desensitized to food allergens[47]
  • CBS Boston, HealthWatch: New Treatment To Help Kids With Multiple Food Allergies[48]
  • Allergic Living, Study Finds Combining Xolair with OIT Led to Quicker, Safer Desensitization with Multiple Food Allergens[49]
  • TEDxPaloAlto, Let's Focus on Food Allergy Prevention[50]
  • After On podcast, Episode 46 - Dr. Kari Nadeau - Defeating food allergy[51]
  • Today show, A peanut allergy cure? Big news on new treatments for 6 million kids[52]
  • Today show, Allergy prevention: The fascinating method parents are turning to.[53]

References
  1. "Dr. Kari Nadeau". Med.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  2. "The Allergy Buster" (PDF). Haverford College Magazine (Spring-Summer 2013): 30–32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  3. Nadeau, Kari C.; Callejas, Angel; Wong, Wendy B.; Joh, Jae Won; Cohen, Harvey J.; Jeng, Michael R. (December 2008). "Idiopathic neutropenia of childhood is associated with Fas/FasL expression". Clinical Immunology. 129 (3): 438–447. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2008.08.006. ISSN 1521-6616. PMC 4161459. PMID 18819843.
  4. "Naddisy Foundation Professor of Pediatric Food Allergy, Immunology and Asthma". med.stanford.edu.
  5. "The Nadeau Lab". Nadeaulab.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  6. "Sean Parker Center". Med.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  7. "Techcrunch". Techcrunch.com. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  8. "Why Sean Parker Gave $24 Million To Build A Stanford Allergy Research Center". Forbes.com. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  9. Nadeau, Kari; Barnett, Sloan (2020). The End of Food Allergy. ISBN 978-0593189511.
  10. Chinthrajah, R. Sharon; Purington, Natasha; Sampath, Vanitha; Andorf, Sandra; Manohar, Monali; Prunicki, Mary; Zhou, Xiaoying; Tupa, Dana; Nadeau, Kari C. (July 2018). "High dimensional immune biomarkers demonstrate differences in phenotypes and endotypes in food allergy and asthma". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 121 (1): 117–119.e1. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2018.04.022. ISSN 1081-1206. PMC 6026562. PMID 29705381.
  11. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio, Pamela A.; Masilamani, Madhan; Gu, Wenjuan; Brittain, Erica; Wood, Robert; Kim, Jennifer; Nadeau, Kari; Jarvinen, Kirsi M.; Grishin, Alexander; Lindblad, Robert; Sampson, Hugh A (October 2017). "Mechanistic Correlates of Clinical Responses to Omalizumab in the Setting of Oral Immunotherapy for Milk Allergy". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 140 (4): 1043–1053.e8. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.028. ISSN 0091-6749. PMC 5632581. PMID 28414061.
  12. Renand, Amedee; Farrington, Marry; Whalen, Elizabeth; Wambre, Erik; Bajzik, Veronique; Chinthrajah, Sharon; Nadeau, Kari C.; Kwok, William W. (2018-06-25). "Heterogeneity of Ara h Component-Specific CD4 T Cell Responses in Peanut-Allergic Subjects". Frontiers in Immunology. 9: 1408. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01408. ISSN 1664-3224. PMC 6026622. PMID 29988522.
  13. Pellerin, Laurence; Jenks, Jennifer Anne; Chinthrajah, Sharon; Dominguez, Tina; Block, Whitney; Zhou, Xiaoying; Noshirvan, Arram; Gregori, Silvia; Roncarolo, Maria Grazia; Nadeau, Kari Christine; Bacchetta, Rosa (January 2018). "Peanut-specific type 1 regulatory T cells induced in vitro from allergic subjects are functionally impaired". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 141 (1): 202–213.e8. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.05.045. ISSN 1097-6825. PMID 28689791.
  14. Andorf, Sandra; Purington, Natasha; Kumar, Divya; Long, Andrew; O'Laughlin, Katherine L.; Sicherer, Scott; Sampson, Hugh; Cianferoni, Antonella; Whitehorn, Terri Brown; Petroni, Daniel; Makhija, Melanie (2019-01-21). "A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Multisite Study Using Omalizumab-facilitated Rapid Desensitization to Test Continued vs Discontinued Dosing in Multifood Allergic Individuals". EClinicalMedicine. 7: 27–38. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.12.006. ISSN 2589-5370. PMC 6537534. PMID 31193674.
  15. Chinthrajah, R. Sharon; Purington, Natasha; Andorf, Sandra; Rosa, Jaime S.; Mukai, Kaori; Hamilton, Robert; Smith, Bridget Marie; Gupta, Ruchi; Galli, Stephen J.; Desai, Manisha; Nadeau, Kari C. (July 2018). "Development of a Tool Predicting Severity of Allergic Reaction During Peanut Challenge". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 121 (1): 69–76.e2. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2018.04.020. ISSN 1081-1206. PMC 6026554. PMID 29709643.
  16. Andorf, Sandra; Purington, Natasha; Block, Whitney M.; Long, Andrew J.; Tupa, Dana; Brittain, Erica; Rudman Spergel, Amanda; Desai, Manisha; Galli, Stephen J.; Nadeau, Kari C.; Chinthrajah, R. Sharon (February 2018). "Anti-IgE treatment with oral immunotherapy in multifood allergic participants: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial". The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 3 (2): 85–94. doi:10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30392-8. ISSN 2468-1253. PMC 6944204. PMID 29242014.
  17. Andorf, Sandra; Manohar, Monali; Dominguez, Tina; Block, Whitney; Tupa, Dana; Kshirsagar, Rohun A.; Sampath, Vanitha; Chinthrajah, R. Sharon; Nadeau, Kari C. (2017-12-21). "Observational long-term follow-up study of rapid food oral immunotherapy with omalizumab". Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology. 13: 51. doi:10.1186/s13223-017-0223-8. ISSN 1710-1484. PMC 5738812. PMID 29296107.
  18. Ryan, John F.; Hovde, Rachel; Glanville, Jacob; Lyu, Shu-Chen; Ji, Xuhuai; Gupta, Sheena; Tibshirani, Robert J.; Jay, David C.; Boyd, Scott D.; Chinthrajah, R. Sharon; Davis, Mark M. (2016-03-01). "Successful immunotherapy induces previously unidentified allergen-specific CD4+ T-cell subsets". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 113 (9): E1286–E1295. Bibcode:2016PNAS..113E1286R. doi:10.1073/pnas.1520180113. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4780622. PMID 26811452.
  19. Andorf, Sandra; Borres, Magnus P.; Block, Whitney; Tupa, Dana; Bollyky, Jennifer B.; Sampath, Vanitha; Elizur, Arnon; Lidholm, Jonas; Jones, Joseph E.; Galli, Stephen J.; Chinthrajah, Sharon (2017). "Association of clinical reactivity with sensitization to allergen components in multi-food allergic children". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. In Practice. 5 (5): 1325–1334.e4. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2017.01.016. ISSN 2213-2198. PMC 5592131. PMID 28351786.
  20. Ng, Elaine; Nadeau, Kari C.; Wang, Shan X. (2016-06-15). "Giant magnetoresistive sensor array for sensitive and specific multiplexed food allergen detection". Biosensors & Bioelectronics. 80: 359–365. doi:10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.002. ISSN 1873-4235. PMID 26859787.
  21. Chinthrajah, R. Sharon; Purington, Natasha; Sampath, Vanitha; Andorf, Sandra; Manohar, Monali; Prunicki, Mary; Zhou, Xiaoying; Tupa, Dana; Nadeau, Kari C. (July 2018). "High dimensional immune biomarkers demonstrate differences in phenotypes and endotypes in food allergy and asthma". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 121 (1): 117–119.e1. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2018.04.022. ISSN 1081-1206. PMC 6026562. PMID 29705381.
  22. Hew, K. M.; Walker, A. I.; Kohli, A.; Garcia, M.; Syed, A.; McDonald-Hyman, C.; Noth, E. M.; Mann, J. K.; Pratt, B.; Balmes, J.; Hammond, S. Katharine (January 2015). "Childhood exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is linked to epigenetic modifications and impaired systemic immunity in T cells". Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 45 (1): 238–248. doi:10.1111/cea.12377. ISSN 0954-7894. PMC 4396982. PMID 25048800.
  23. Rice, Mary B.; Motto Malea, Nganda; Pinkerton, Kent E.; Schwartz, Joel; Nadeau, Kari C.; Browner, Carol M.; Whitehouse, Sheldon; Thurston, George D. (July 2018). "Realizing the Paris Climate Agreement to Improve Cardiopulmonary Health. Where Science Meets Policy". Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 15 (7): 791–798. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201803-203PS. ISSN 2325-6621. PMID 29652522. S2CID 4890644.
  24. Nygaard, Unni C.; Li, Zhigang; Palys, Thomas; Jackson, Brian; Subbiah, Melanie; Malipatlolla, Meena; Sampath, Vanitha; Maecker, Holden; Karagas, Margaret R.; Nadeau, Kari C. (2017-06-29). "Cord blood T cell subpopulations and associations with maternal cadmium and arsenic exposures". PLOS ONE. 12 (6): e0179606. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1279606N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179606. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5491028. PMID 28662050.
  25. Park, Hye-Kyung; Cheng, Kai-Chung; Tetteh, Afua O.; Hildemann, Lynn M.; Nadeau, Kari C. (May 2017). "Effectiveness of air purifier on health outcomes and indoor particles in homes of children with allergic diseases in Fresno, California: A pilot study". The Journal of Asthma. 54 (4): 341–346. doi:10.1080/02770903.2016.1218011. ISSN 1532-4303. PMID 27723364. S2CID 25010376.
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  28. "McCormick and Gabilan Faculty Awards".
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  40. "New Promise for People with Food Allergies". Huffingtonpost.com. 2015-03-04. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
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  42. "Allergy Free". Sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com.au. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
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  44. "How Giving Children Foods They Are Allergic To Can Cure Them, And Other Provocative Approaches In Evolutionary Medicine". Forbes.com. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  45. "Retraining the body to lift the life sentence of food allergies". Video.pbs.org. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  46. "New Hope for Kids With Multiple Food Allergies". Archived from the original on 2018-01-16.
  47. "In Stanford clinical trial, children successfully desensitized to food allergens | Scope Blog". scopeblog.stanford.edu. 2017-12-11. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  48. "HealthWatch: New Treatment To Help Kids With Multiple Food Allergies". 2017-12-13. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  49. "Study Finds Combining Xolair with OIT Led to Quicker, Safer Desensitization with Multiple Food Allergens". Allergic Living. 2017-12-12. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  50. "Let's Focus on Food Allergy Prevention | TEDx".
  51. "After On Episode 46".
  52. "A peanut allergy cure? Big news on new treatments for 6 million kids".
  53. "Allergy prevention: The fascinating method parents are turning to".
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