Kravtsov family (Orenburg)

Kravtsovs of Orenburg (Russian: Кравцовы (Оренбургские)) is the name of noble family of Scottish-Russian origin. The family is enlisted into the pedigree books of the Orenburg Cossacks Host and Nizhny Novgorod Governorate.

Kravtsovs of Orenburg
Azure, fitchée cross over a crescent, between two stars. On a crowned helmet, three ostrich feathers, charged with a star.[1]
CountryRussian Empire
MottoVirtute et Armis (by Valor and Arms)
Estate(s)Gorbatovka

Family history

Due to the genealogical tale the family descends from Dunaghe Mangarmov of Scottish origin, he was a mercenary and was recruited to regiment under the command of William Grim, later under captain-rittmeister Jacob Shaw[2] in Irish company.[3] First in the Polish-Lithuanian service, but during the siege of the fortress of Bely in 1614 his regiment switched sides, surrendered the fortress and took service with Russia.[4][5] Later regiment participated in several Russo-Crimean Wars against Crimean–Nogai raids.[6][7] It is possible that they are the same with major Macgermerie/Montgomery, who was a Scottish officer in Swedish service since 1629 in several regiments.[8] He probably served at the Battle of Wittstock in 1636. In 1639 he became a lieutenant in Robert Monroe's recruited infantry regiment before transferring to Alexander Cunningham's recruited regiment.[9] Due to Ed. Furgol this is probably the man who served in the Earl of Eglinton's Horse in the Army of the Solemn League and Covenant in 1644.[10] Since 1655 back in Polish-Lithuanian service at Thorn city with Colonel Cranston's regiment[11] and later in Russia, in Patrick Gordon's Regiment of Horse. Major Macgermerie-Montgomery was at a party at Patrick Gordon's house, quarreled with his host and had to duel with him.[12][13] His son Yakov was moved to Samara Fortress, that was a front line post protecting the then easternmost boundaries of Russia from forays of nomads under command of voivode Afanasii von Vissinov.[14]

In petition for land granting to the Orenburg Host Administration written in 1789 by ober-ofizer Dmitri Kravtsov in which he, mentioned that his grandfather was sent with hundred men under his command from one of Volga garrisons to a new frontier line in Orenburg. The eldest son of Dmitri, Ivan Kravtsov granted with a lands in Vozdvizhenskaya Fortress on the lands of the Orenburg Cossack Host and owner of manor Gorbatovka in Balakhna uyezd of Nizhny Novgorod Governorate after 1829, that cost 23 000 gold rubles and a householder in Orenburg's Vorstadt.[15]

Notable members

Notes
  1. Coat of arms since 1836 due to Nizhny Novgorod Assembly of the Nobility
  2. Академия наук СССР, Отделение истории архив АН СССР. Приходно-расходные книги московских приказов 1619-1621 гг. Составитель академик С.Б. Веселовский. Издательство Наука, Москва 1983 г. РГАДА. Ф. 210. Столбцы Московского стола
  3. Chester S.L. Dunning and David R.C. Hudson, “The Transportation of Irish Swordsmen to Sweden and Russia and plantation in Ulster (1609-1613)”, Archivium Hibernicum 66 by Catholic Historical Society of Ireland, 2013
  4. Scottish soldiers, Poland–Lithuania and the Thirty Years War, ed. by Steve Murdoch, Leiden, E.J., Brill, 2001, 191-212
  5. Babulin, I.B. The New Lines Regiments in the Smolensk War, 1632—1634 //Reitar, No.22, 2005
  6. A. Fisher, Muscovy and the Black Sea Slave Trade, Canadian-American Slavic Studies
  7. Brian L. Davies, "Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe 1500–1700", 2007
  8. Grosjean & Murdoch, SSNE, ID 2857
  9. Stockholm Krigsarkivet Muster Roll, 1638/27
  10. Furgol 1990, p. 134.
  11. T. Fischer, The Scots in Eastern and Western Prussia (Edinburgh, 1903), Stockholm Krigsarkivet Muster Roll, 1656/10
  12. Passages from the diary of General Patrick Gordon of Auchleuchries 1635-1699 Archived 2009-11-12 at the Wayback Machine, University of Aberdeen website
  13. D. Fedosov, The Caledonian Connection (Aberdeen, 1996)
  14. Савченко И. А., Дубинин С. И. Российские немцы в Самарском крае. Самара: Самарский университет, 1994
  15. Official list of householders in the town of Orenburg in 1835
  16. Ganin A.V., Semenov, V.G.: Officer corps of the Orenburg Army in 1891—1945. М., 2007

References
  • Grosjean, Alexia; Murdoch, Steve, "ID 2857", The Scotland, Scandinavia and Northern European Database (SSNE), published online by: Saint Andrews University
  • Furgol, Edward M. (1990). A regimental history of the covenanting armies, 1639-1651. J. Donald Publishers. ISBN 978-0-85976-194-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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