Kukuruza

Kukuruza is a Russian band who progressed from a student startup to become an international touring act in the early 1990s.

Kukuruza
OriginMoscow, Russia
GenresBluegrass, country, country-rock, country folk, Russian folk
Years active1984 (1984)–present
Labels
Associated acts
  • Орнамент (Ornament)
  • Рыжая трава (Red Grass)
  • ГрАссМейстер (Grassmeister)
Websitewww.kukuruza.info/english.shtml
MembersLineup beginning c. 1998/2000
  • Svetlana Shebeko
(lead vocals)
  • Pavel Titovetes
(electric guitar)
  • Sergei Novikov
(violin)
  • Roman Mayboroda
(bass guitar)
  • Dmitry Krichevsky
(drums)
  • Georgi Palmov
(harmonica, mandolin, acoustic guitar, vocals)
Past membersLineup 1993[1]
  • Irina Surina
(lead vocals)
  • Alexei Aboltynsh
(acoustic bass, electric bass, vocals)
  • Anatoliy Belchikov
(drums)
  • Sergei Mosolov
(fiddle, vocals)
  • Andrei Shepelev
(banjo, dobro, steel guitar, acoustic guitar, vocals, composer)
  • Georgi Palmov
(mandolin, clarinet, vocals)
  • Dmitry Vakhrameev
(banjo)
  • Mikhail Venikov
(guitar, electric guitar)
  • Additions from 1998 album Endless Story
  • Ilya Toshinsky
(banjo)
  • Roman Zaslavsky
(piano)
Irina Surina (June 2017), lead singer for Kukuruza, 1989–2000

In 1994, the Chicago Tribune said they were "among the top country groups of Eastern Europe and Russia".[2] That same year, they performed their bluegrass-influenced music before the genre's founder, Bill Monroe, at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee.[2] As of 2013, they were the only Eastern European group to play at the Opry.

Their repertoire includes a mix of music, from Russian folk to American bluegrass, to country-rock, rock-and-roll and blues.[3][4] The band toured the United States six times from 1991 to 1994.[5] They have performed country and bluegrass-influenced music longer than any other Russian group, with a total of 15 albums over 30 years, 3 in the United States and 12 more in Russia.[3] The band is still active, but with a different lineup of performers than they had in the mid-1980s and 1990s when they rose to international prominence. In 2010 they played at the Montreux Jazz Festival.[6]

The band's name КукурузА is the Russian word for popcorn.[7] Years after the founding, the story of taking the name has been lost, as different members remember different things. The name wasn't meant to imply corny or funny, however.[2] It was a serious name that implied that the band had many flavors, just as corn has many flavors, depending upon where it is grown.[2]

Beginnings

The band began as a student "collective".[3] In 1975, students Sergei Senchilo (acoustic guitar) and Czech student Vladimir Ambros (harmonica) got together to play songs of United States, England, and Scotland.[8] By the next year, they had attracted others, and were calling the group Ornament.[8] Ornament lasted until about 1983. Beginning in 1984, some of its members continued to play together under the new name Kukuruza.[9][10]

They began their interest in western music before the end of the Cold War. Their early adaptation of western music in the years before perestroika was difficult and dangerous, because western music was suspect (possibly illegal) in the Soviet Union.[2][11][12] Facing bans for playing "music of the ideological enemy," they pursued their musical interests in the mid-1980s, attending music festivals and recording their first album, We Sing in English, which was not one of their bluegrass albums.[13]

The Soviet Union gradually loosened official resistance to western music and some western bands were able to tour.[14] After seeing performances by Roy Clark (who visited Russia in 1976 and 1988) and the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band (who toured Russia in 1977), the students who would become Ornament and Kukuruza looked for music that they could access to learn from.[2][15][14] They learned the bluegrass style by listening to Czech bands, and to American performances through banned Voice of America shortwave radio broadcasts and black-market second-hand records.[2]

Bluegrass has specific instruments, some of which were rare in Russia. Others were present, but not played in the bluegrass style there. They chose western instruments and taught themselves to use them, dobro, banjo, mandolin, fiddle and guitar, as well as electric guitar.[16] Not being in the United States, they didn't have the bluegrass community's artistic pressure to conform to use only acoustic instruments. They adapted electric guitar into their mix, perhaps led by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, whom they had seen in concert, who also used electric guitar in some of their music. Learning the style on their own, they successfully blended it with Russian music.[17][18] They began a process of fusing east and west. Songs such as John Hartford's 1971 progressive bluegrass "Vamp in the Middle" were translated and adapted, using bluegrass instruments to create the sound but blending with Russian vocals. Similarly they applied western instruments (electric guitar, banjo, mandolin, fiddle) to a Russian jazz work, Leonid Utesov's "The Old Cabby's Song". Russian folk songs were adapted too, and one of the band, Andrei Shepelev, proved to be a songwriter as well. He was credited as writing or adapting many of their pieces on the albums made in the United States.

When the 1998 record, Endless Journey was released, the president at Gadfly Records, Mitch Cantor, commented on the group's style.[19] He said that he didn't think of them as a bluegrass band, but a group with a "unique juxtaposition of styles," able to switch between Russian traditional, jazz and bluegrass styles of music, yet still maintain their own sound.[19]

United States tours

The band made tours to the United States in the early 1990s. During the release of their second record made in the United States, Crossing Borders, they performed at the Grand Ole Opry, and were on the television show Nashville Now.[20]

They were given the opportunities to work with county music performers Emmylou Harris, Doc Watson and Jerry Douglas, the latter of whom performed on their Crossing Borders album.[21]

Lineup
1975, pre-Ornament
Sergei Senchilo (acoustic guitar)
Vladimir Ambros (harmonica), Czechoslovakia
Ornament (1976–1983)

The members of the group had graduated from undergraduate studies by 1981. In 1983 the group ended.

Sergei Senchilo – bandleader, vocals, acoustic guitar (1975– )
Dmitry Sukhin – piano
Vladimir Galperin – violin (1976)
Sergei Bondarenko – acoustic guitar (1976–1978)
Vladimir Ambros – violin, banjo, mandolin, lip accordion, Czechoslovakia (1976–1980)
Eva Kovacs – vocals, less than one year, Hungary
Georgy Palmov (beginning fall 1976) – clarinet and block-flute, mandolin, guitar, lip-organ
Andrey Shepelev – 5-string banjo (1978–1994)
Rostislav Prisekin – bass guitar (1979–1980)
Dmitry Sukhin – sound engineering, (1980– )
Larisa (Nuzhdova) Grigorieva – vocalist (c.1980–c.1989)
Karel Wahh Ukrainian guitar, Czechoslovakia (c.1980– )
Kukuruza 1984/1985
Larisa (Nuzhdova) Grigorieva – lead vocals
Andrei Shepelev – banjo
Vladimir Larshin – violin
Rostislav Prisekin – acoustic guitar, harmonica
Alexander Tarev – double bass
Bari Alibasov
Georgy Palmov
Sergei Mosolov – double bass

Parallel projects by former Kukuruza members

Red Grass

Larisa Grigorieva, lead singer for Kukuruza from 1980 to 1989, performed on the albums Let's sing in English and The Magician.[22] After leaving Kukuruza in 1989, she founded the band Red Grass (1990–1995).[22] The band created one album, Рыжая трава (Red-Backed Grass), in 1995.[22]

Although Russian country music suffered a decline in the late 1980s after the closing of the "фестиваля кантри и фолк музыки 'Фермер'" ("Farmer" festival of country and folk music), Grigorieva was still involved in Russian country music in 2018, managing the Moscow Country Bridge Festival.[22][23][24] Her album contributed to the name "Red Grass" to refer to Russian country music.[24] That name was also used as an album title by former Bering Strait performer Ilya Toshinsky and had been suggested in the United States in 1994 as an apt name for pre-perestroika Russian-bluegrass music.[25][26]

Discography

United States
  • 1992 — Kukuruza — A Russian Country Bluegrass Band, Greener Pastures Records Inc.[27]
  • 1993 — Crossing Borders, Sugar Hill Records[28]
  • 1998 — Endless Story, Gadfly Records[29]

Russia
  • 1986 — Давайте петь по-английски, Мелодия (Let's sing in English, Melody)[30]
  • 1988 — Фокусник, Мелодия (The Magician, Melody)[31]
  • 1993 — Там, где солнечный свет, Solid Records (Where the sunshine)[32]
  • 1996 — Бесконечная история, LO Production (Endless Story)[33]
  • 1996 — Чудак, Птичий рынок и Фокусник, RDM Co.Ltd. (Freak, Bird Market and Magician)[34]
  • 1997 — Ой, мороз, мороз, Moroz Records (Ouch, frost, frost)[35]
  • 1997 — Кукуруза, Пересечение Границ (Corn, Crossing the Borders)
  • 1997 — В Кругу Друзей, Moroz Video Studio (In the Circle of Friends)
  • 1999 — Музыкальный Ринг, 1986 г., ТВ-Нева (The Musical Ring, 1986, TV-Neva)
  • 2006 — Антология, 1986—2006, Альфа Рекордз (Anthology, 1986-2006, Alfa Records)[36]
  • 2010 — Принуждение к Радости, TП Production (Forced To Joy, TP Production)[37]
  • 2012 — КукурузА — 25 лет (Kukuruza for 25 years)

References
  1. Kukuruza Crossing Borders (album cover (reverse side)). Durham, North Carolina: Sugar Hill Records. 1993. OCLC 30615870.
  2. Duckman, David (20 February 1994). "No Second Fiddle, Bluegrass In Russia? Kukuruza Plucks And Picks With Aplomb". Chicago Tribune. Chicago. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
  3. "КУКУРУЗА (translation: Corn)". KM.RU Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
  4. "15 gadu jubilejas Kantrifestivālā ieradīsies īpaši ciemiņi". Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  5. ""KUKURUZA"" (PDF). Montreux Film Festival 2010. Retrieved 8 February 2010. [Bio sheet at Montreux Film Festival 2010 page]
  6. "PROGRAM '10, BY ARTIST - K". montreuxjazzfestival2010.com. Montreux Jazz Festival. Retrieved 8 February 2018. KukuruzA (RUS), 07 July 2010, venue: Parc Vernex, time: 15:00
  7. Proshina, Zoya G.; Eddy, Anna A., eds. (6 October 2016). Russian English: History, Functions, and Features. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 194–195. ISBN 9781107073746. In Russia there are more than twenty country and bluegrass bands...Kukuruza 'Popcorn'...who perform mainly classic country songs...
  8. "КукурузА History 1975-1983". kukuruza.info. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  9. "КУКУРУЗА". KM.RU ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЯ [KM.Ru Encyclopedia]. Retrieved 8 February 2018. The oldest and most famous Russian-speaking group working in this style. Formed in 1984.
  10. "КукурузА History 1983-1986". kukuruza.info. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  11. ""KUKURUZA"". kukuruza.info. Retrieved 21 February 2018. At that time, this kind of music was quite frowned upon, if not outright forbidden...
  12. Blazeski, Goran (30 September 2016). "How The Beatles brought the Soviet Union down and destroyed communism". vintagenews.com. Retrieved 21 February 2018. ...Soviet citizens were expected to just know that the West was their enemy...arts were strictly regulated...illegal to import Western music in the Soviet Union, so teenagers listened to Radio Luxemburg and recorded their songs on tapes...
  13. "History". kukuruza.info. Retrieved 21 February 2018. Despite problems and even prohibitions (since "country" was the music of the ideological enemy at that time), «Ornament» was a regular participant of Student Fests in Moscow
  14. Shipler, David K. (24 May 1977). "Yerevan Rock Audiences Find Nitty Gritty Dirt Band Far Out". New York Times. New York. Retrieved 8 February 2018. band's success here and the fact of its tour through this country reflect belated official acceptance of Rock from the West after a long period of resistance...
  15. Lewis, Jim (26 August 1988). "Roy Clark heads to Russia with his 'Friendship Tour'". United Press International. Retrieved 8 February 2018. Roy Clark, star of the syndicated TV comedy show 'Hee Haw,' is taking his banjo, his guitar and his group on a short tour in November...last appearance in the Soviet Union was in 1976...
  16. Bessman, Jim (21 February 1998). "Russia's Bluegrass Pioneers Bring Their 'Story' to America". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. pp. 31, 34. Retrieved 21 February 2018. ...the band learned the genre...through bluegrass tapes, albums, and songbooks... and 'our fantasy'... didn't have resources to learn...five-string banjo...unusual instruments like the dobro...
  17. Duckman, David (20 February 1994). "No Second Fiddle, Bluegrass In Russia? Kukuruza Plucks And Picks With Aplomb". Chicago Tribune. Chicago. Retrieved 29 January 2018. ...incorporate the bluegrass sound into a variety of traditional Russian melodies and folk tunes...
  18. Kuzmukhamedov, Erkin (5 December 1992). "В США появились российские "Кукуруза" и "Колибри" (translation: In the US appeared Russian "Corn" and "Hummingbird)". Kommersant. Moscow, Russia. I was impressed by the professionalism of the band's musicians and the ease with which they arrange Russian folk songs in the spirit of American folklore....the Americanization of Russian folklore is quite successful. ...fresh and brightly colored, characteristic of the country.
  19. Bessman, Jim (21 February 1998). "Russia's Bluegrass Pioneers Bring Their 'Story' to America". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. pp. 31, 34. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  20. Telebistro. "Porushka Paranya (original version) by Kukuruza at Nashville Now TV-Show". youtube.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018. This is the original bluegrass version of the Russian folk song "Porushka Paranya" (Порушка Параня). Performed by Kukuruza (famous Russian bluegrass & country band) at Nashville Now TV-Show during the band's US tour in 1993 (sung by Irina Surina).
  21. Barnard, Anne (3 February 1994). "Kukuruza's Bluegrass Takes Root in America". Moscow Times. Moscow, Russia. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  22. "Л. Григорьева. Рыжая трава (L. Grigorieva. Red-backed grass)". gorenka.org. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  23. Grigorieva, Larissa. "Larissa Grigorieva, Intro". Retrieved 15 February 2018. Manages Moscow Country Bridge Festival and Александр ЛИТВИНЕНКО, художник, "Папа Карло рок-н-ролла"
  24. akaz66 (6 April 2017). "Лариса Григорьева – Рыжая трава/1995 Bluegrass,country (Larisa Grigorieva – Redhead grass / 1995 Bluegrass, country)". ...It was this combination that received the unofficial name of Russian country redgrass......2009 she returned with the festival "Country Bridge", being the author of the idea and the festival producer...
  25. "Red Grass". amazon.com. Retrieved 15 February 2018. ... Ilya Toshinskiy's new solo album, Red Grass (Hadley Music Group), is an instrumental bluegrass album ...
  26. Duckman, David (20 February 1994). "No Second Fiddle, Bluegrass In Russia? Kukuruza Plucks And Picks With Aplomb". Chicago Tribune. Chicago. Retrieved 29 January 2018. In pre-perestroika times, Kukuruza could have been called a redgrass band.
  27. "Kukuruza, Kukuruza (A Russian Country Bluegrass Band)". allmusic.com. OCLC 28578439. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  28. "Kukuruza – Crossing Borders". discogs.com. OCLC 30615870. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  29. "Kukuruza – Endless Story". discogs.com. OCLC 43551389. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  30. "Various – Давайте Петь По–Английски = Let's Sing In English". discogs.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018. Ensemble - Ensemble "Kukuruza" by A. A. Shepeleva * (tracks: A6 to B5). Leader - A. Shepelev * (tracks: A6 to B5). Vocals - B. Zdorovova * (tracks: A2 to A5), M. Semashko * (tracks: A1 to A4). Vocals, Guitar - M. Feigin * (tracks: A2 to A5, B6).
  31. "Кукуруза – Фокусник". discogs.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  32. "Там, где солнечный свет". itunes.apple.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  33. "Кукуруза – Бесконечная История". discogs.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  34. "Чудак, птичий рынок и фокусник". itunes.apple.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  35. "Ой, мороз, мороз!". itunes.apple.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  36. "Кукуруза – Anthology. Part 1". discogs.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  37. "Принуждение к радости". itunes.apple.com. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
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