Lindesnes Lighthouse

Lindesnes Lighthouse (Norwegian: Lindesnes fyr) is a coastal lighthouse at the southernmost tip of Norway, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of the village of Høllen in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county. The present lighthouse was built in 1915, although the station was first built in 1656 to mark the entrance to the Skaggerak and the Baltic Sea from the North Sea. The current 16.1-metre (53 ft) tall lighthouse is cast iron with a granite foundation. The lighthouse is painted white, with a red top. The light sits at an elevation of 50.1 metres (164 ft) and it emits a fixed and flashing white light that is always on and it rotates between a low intensity and high intensity light every 20 seconds. The light comes from a first order Fresnel lens that can be seen for up to 17.7 nautical miles (32.8 km; 20.4 mi).[1][2][3]

Lindesnes Lighthouse
View of the lighthouse
LocationAgder, Norway
Coordinates57°58′56″N 07°02′47″E
Year first constructed1656 (original)
1915 (current)
Automated2003
FoundationGranite
ConstructionCast iron
Tower shapeCylindrical
Markings / patternWhite with red top
Tower height16.1 metres (53 ft)
Focal height50.1 metres (164 ft)
Original lens1st order Fresnel lens
Range17.7 nmi (32.8 km; 20.4 mi)
CharacteristicFFl W 20s
Admiralty numberB3058.1
NGA number1676
ARLHS numberNOR-028
Norway number082200
Heritagecultural property 

History

The lighthouse was first built in 1656, and over the centuries, several more were built to replace the older ones. In 1822, the lighthouse was refitted with a coal lamp, and in 1854, a new lamp was installed with the current lens. The current cast iron tower was set up in 1915 and fitted with the old Fresnel lens. In 1920, the lighthouse station got its first fog signal, a siren. The fog signal and its machinery is placed in a building beside the tower.[2]

During World War II, the lighthouse was taken over by the Germans. Being an important watchpoint, the Germans built a small fortress with four guns and, after a while, a radar antenna. The traces from World War II are still visible as trenches, tunnels, and other fortifications.

In the 1950s, the lighthouse station was electrified and the fog signal was replaced with a powerful Diaphone. The fog signal was closed as a navigational aid in 1988, but it is still operational and is used on special occasions.[4]

The lighthouse was selected as the millennium site for Vest-Agder county.

Museum

Lindesnes Lighthouse is owned by the Norwegian Coastal Administration and is still active. It is also a museum, operated by the non-profit Lindesnes Lighthouse Museum Foundation.[5] In addition to the buildings belonging to the lighthouse, keeper's cottages, sheds, and boathouses, Lindesnes Lighthouse also has a visitor centre inside the nearby mountain with exhibitions, a cinema hall and a cafeteria. There is also a museum shop.[2]

Lindesnes Lighthouse Museum is a part of the National Museums of Coastal Infrastructure, Kystmusea, together with Tungenes Lighthouse outside Stavanger, Dalsfjord Lighthouse museum in Sunnmøre, and the Lofoten Museum in Kabelvåg.[6] Kystmusea cooperates closely with the Norwegian Coastal Administration.

The present Lighthouse and Cape Lindesnes
  • The cast iron lighthouse seen from the east
  • Lindesnes Fyr: seen from the west side
  • The beacon is 50 m (160 ft) high above sea level
  • The lens of the lantern from the outside
  • Highly visible cast iron construction with internal staircase
  • Lens of the beacon seen from the inside
  • Lens drive with transmission for the beacon
  • View from the present lighthouse on substructure of the former lighthouse
  • West view coast and bunkers II. WW
  • Lindesnes Fjellhallen (Millenium-Fjellhallen 2000-2004) on the left and museum on the right side
  • Pax-Stien monument for peace and commemoration of the victims of the sinking of the freighter Palatia 1942 in front of the Cape Lindesnes

See also

References
  1. Kystverket (2014). Norske Fyrliste 2014 (PDF) (in Norwegian). ISBN 9788245015959. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
  2. Rowlett, Russ (19 July 2011). "Lighthouses of Norway: Vest-Agder (Kristiansand Area)". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 2016-12-16.
  3. "Lindesnes fyrstasjon". Norwegian Lighthouse Association. Archived from the original on 2013-05-25. Retrieved 2012-07-19.
  4. Ryvarden, Leif; Lauritzen, Per Roger (2006). KystNorge. 1–3. Oslo: Gyldendal. ISBN 9788205352650.
  5. "Stiftelsen Lindesnes Fyrmuseum". Kulturnett.no. Archived from the original on 2013-02-23. Retrieved 2012-12-07.
  6. "Om kystverkmusea". Kystverket.no. Retrieved 2012-12-07.
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