List of Canna species

Canna species have been categorised by two different taxonomists in the course of the last three decades. They are Paul Maas, from the Netherlands[1][2][3] and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan.[4] Both reduced the number of species from the 50-100 that had been accepted previously, and assigned most to being synonyms. Inevitably, there are some differences in their categorisations, and the individual articles on the species describe the differences.

The reduction in the number of species is also confirmed by work done by Kress and Prince at the Smithsonian Institution, however, this only covers a subset of the species range.[5]

Tanaka's 2001 Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia is one source of species names,[4] allied with the proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii over C. latifolia.[6] The most exhaustive work on Canna synonyms is that in the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP).[7]

List of species

The following list is based on the Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia, by Tanaka[4] and the proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii over C. latifolia.[6][7] As of March 2020, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families and Plants of the World Online regard many of these as synonyms (most of Canna indica) but also recognise two further species, making 12 in total.[8]

Canna amabilis T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka[4] = Canna indica[9] Canna bangii Kraenzl.[4] Canna coccinea Blanc.[4][10][11] = Canna indica[9] Canna compacta Rosc.[4][10] = Canna indica[9] Canna discolor (Lindl.) Nob.Tanaka = Canna indica[9] Canna discolor var. discolor[10][11][12] Canna discolor var. rubripunctata Nob.Tanaka[4] Canna discolor var. viridifolia Nob.Tanaka[4] Canna flaccida Salisb.[4][10][11][12][13] Canna glauca L.[4][10][11][13] Canna glauca var. siamensis (Kraenzl) Nob.Tanaka[4] Canna indica L.[4][10][11][12][13] Canna indica var. flava (Roscoe ex Baker) Nob.Tanaka[4] Canna indica var. maculata (Hook) Nob.Tanaka[4][10][11] Canna indica var. sanctae-rosae (Kraenzl.) Nob.Tanaka[4] Canna indica var. warszewiczii (A.Dietr.) Nob.Tanaka[4][10][11][12]

Canna iridiflora Ruiz & Pav.[4][10][11][12][13] Canna jacobiniflora T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka[4] = Canna glauca[14] Canna jaegeriana Urb.[4][13] Canna liliiflora Warsc. ex Planch.[4][11] Canna lineata Ciciar. Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav.[4][13] Canna patens Rosc.[4][10] = Canna indica[9] Canna pedunculata Sims[4][10] Canna plurituberosa T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka[4] = Canna indica[9] Canna speciosa Rosc.[4][10][11] = Canna indica[9] Canna stenantha Nob.Tanaka[4] = Canna glauca[14] Canna tandilensis Ciciar. Canna tuerckheimii Kraenzl.[6][10][13]

Cultivar type names

In addition, several species have been given cultivar-type names, and those are listed below:

Canna 'Bandana of the Everglades[15] Canna 'Broad-leaved Canna'[16] Canna 'Chinese Canna'[16] Canna 'Cinnabar Canna'[16] Canna 'Dwarf Texas Canna'[16] Canna 'Golden Canna' Canna 'Indo-China Canna'[16] Canna 'Iris Canna'[16]

Canna 'Louisiana Canna' Canna 'Marabout' Canna 'Robert Kemp' Canna 'Scarlet Canna'[16] Canna 'Texas Canna'[16] Canna 'Tiki Torch' Canna 'Tiki Tourche' Canna 'Yellow Canna'

See also

• List of Canna cultivars
• List of Canna hybridists

References

1. Maas, P. J. M. (1985) Cannaceae.
2. Maas, P. J. M. and H. Maas (1988) Cannaceae
3. Segeren, W & Maas, PJM - The genus Canna in northern South America
4. Tanaka, N. (2001) Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia.
5. Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution
6. Proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii
7. WCSP
8. "Search for Canna". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
9. "Canna indica § Synonyms", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2020-03-28
10. Johnson's Gardner's Dictionary (1856)
11. Chaté, E. (1867) Le Canna, son histoire, son culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage.
12. Robinson W. (1879) The Subtropical Garden, John Murray, Albermarle St, London, England.
13. "Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution". Archived from the original on 2007-03-12. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
14. "Canna glauca § Synonyms", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2020-03-28
15. Cooke, Ian (2001) The Gardener's Guide to Growing Cannas
16. Kelsey H.F. & Dayton W.A. (1942) Standardized Plant names, American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature

Further reading

• Chaté, E. - Le Canna, 1866.
• Cooke, Ian (2001) The Gardener's Guide to Growing Cannas, Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-513-6
• Johnson's Gardner's Dictionary, 1856.
• Khoshoo, T.N. & Guha, I. - Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House.
• Kress, W. J. 1990. The phylogeny and classification of the Zingiberales. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 698—721.
• Kress, W. J. and D. E. Stone. 1982. Nature of the sporoderm in monocotyledons, with special reference to the pollen grains of Canna and Heliconia. Grana 21: 129—148.
• Maas, P. J. M. 1985. 195. Cannaceae. In: A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn, ed. 1985+. Flora of the Guianas. Series A: Phanerogams. 1212+ volsfasc. Königstein. VolFasc. 1, pp. xx—xx69—73 .
• Maas, P. J. M. and H. Maas. 1988. 223. Cannaceae. In: G. Harling et al., eds. 1973+. Flora of Ecuador. 5660+ volsnos. Göteborg. VolNo. 32, pp. 1–9.
• Moore, Thomas. 1892. The Gardener's Assistant. Blackie & Son Ltd.
• Percy-Lancaster, S., In an Indian Garden. 1927.
• Robinson W., The Subtropical Garden, John Murray, Albermarle St, London, England. 1879.
• Rogers, G. K. 1984. The Zingiberales (Cannaceae, Marantaceae, and Zingiberaceae) in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 65: 5—55.
• Segeren, W & Maas, PJM - The genus Canna in northern South America (1971), Acta Botanica Neerlandica. 20(6): 663-680.
• Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
• Woodson, R. E. Jr. and R. W. Schery. 1945. Cannaceae. In: R. E. Woodson Jr. et al., eds. 1943—1981. Flora of Panama. 41 fasc. St. Louis. [Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 32: 74—80.]

External links

• Cannaceae in Flora of North America
• World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
• Kew Gardens, London. Search PIC database
• Proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii
• PRINCE, LINDA M.* and W. JOHN KRESS. Smithsonian Institution, NMNH - Botany, MRC-166, Washington, DC 20560-0166. - Species boundaries in Canna (Cannaceae): evidence from nuclear ITS DNA sequence data.
• University of South Florida, Institute for Systematic Botany