List of Texas Governors and Presidents

Texas has had chief executives with the titles of governors and presidents since 1691. These were under the flags of:

Spanish Texas

From 1691 through 1821, the Kingdom of Texas (El Reino de Texas, in modern Spanish, Tejas) was a part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain (El Virreinato de Nueva España).

Governors of the provinces of Coahuila and Texas

From 1691 to 1722 Texas and Coahuila had the same government, even though they were different provinces. The official seat of government was in Monclova, Coahuila.[1]

Governor Took Office Left Office Notes
Domingo Terán de los Ríos January 23, 1691 March 5, 1692 Official governor; Also served as governor of Sonora y Sinaloa (1681–1686), New Spain.
Gregorio de Salinas Varona 1692 1697 (Texas) / 1698 (Coahuila) Official governor; He also governed Nuevo León (1705–1707) and Honduras (1705–1709)
Francisco Cuervo y Valdés 1698 1702 (Texas) / 1703 (Coahuila) Official governor; He also governed Nuevo León (1687-1688) and Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico (1705–1707)
Mathias de Aguirre 1703 1705
Martín de Alarcón 1705 1708 Official governor; Founder of San Antonio.
Simón Padilla y Córdova 1708 1712
Pedro Fermin de Echevers y Subisa 1712 1714
Juan Valdez 1714 1716 Official governor
José Antonio de Eca y Múzquiz 1716 1716
Martín de Alarcón 1716 1719 Official governor
José de Azlor y Virto de Vera 1719 1722 Official governor

Province of Texas

From 1722 to 1823 Texas had its own governors. From 1722 to 1768 the seat of government of Texas was in Los Adaes and this was the official capital of the province from 1729 to 1772. In 1768 the seat of government was established in San Antonio, which was the capital of Texas from 1772 to 1823.

Governor Took Office Left Office Notes
Fernando Pérez de Almazán 1722 1727 Official governor
Melchor de Mediavilla y Azcona 1727 1730 Acting and Interim governor
Juan Antonio Bustillo y Ceballos 1730 1734 Official governor; He was also governor of Coahuila (1754–1756)
Manuel de Sandoval 1734 1736 Official governor; He also served as governor of Coahuila (1729 – 1733)
Carlos Benites Franquis de Lugo 1736 1737 Official governor
Prudencio de Orobio y Basterra 1737 1741 Interim governor; He and Winthuisen were the only civilians that served as governors of Spanish Texas
Tomás Felipe de Winthuisen 1741 1743 Official governor
Justo Boneo y Morales 1743 1744 Official governor
Francisco García Larios 1744 1748 Interim governor
Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella 1748 1751 Acting governor; He also governed Nuevo León, in modern-day Mexico
Jacinto de Barrios y Jáuregui 1751 1759 Official governor; Also was governor of Coahuila (1759–1762; 1765–1768)
Ángel de Martos y Navarrete 1759 1766 Official governor
Hugo Oconór 1767 1770 Official governor
Juan María Vicencio 1770 1778 Official governor; He also governed Honduras
Domingo Cabello y Robles 1778 1786 Interim governor; He also governed Nicaragua and Cuba
Bernardo Bonavía y Zapata 1786 1786 Official governor; He was appointed governor but don't serve in office.
Rafael Martínez Pacheco 1786 1790 Official governor
Manuel Muñoz 1790 1798 Official governor
José Irigoyen 1798 1800 Interim governor; Although he was appointed as governor, he not served in office.
Juan Bautista Elguézabal 1800 1805 Interim governor; He promoted the founding of the first elementary schools in Texas
Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante 1805 1808 Acting governor; Also governed Coahuila and Sonora
Manuel María de Salcedo 1808 1811 (officially until 1813) Official governor; Temporarily deposed by de las Casas
Juan Bautista de las Casas 1811 1811 Led a coup against Salcedo and became governor for 39 days before being arrested.
Simón de Herrera 1811 1811 Ad interim governor July to December [2]
Manuel María de Salcedo 1811 1813 Official governor; Continuation of your government after the temporary administration by De Casas and Herrera; dead in office
Cristóbal Domínguez 1814 1814 Official governor; dead in office
Benito Armiñán 1814 1815 Interim governor (October 1814 - July 1815). He left the charge for health reasons
Mariano Valera 1815 1816 Interim governor (July 20, 1815 - July 27, 1816). He left the charge for health reasons
Juan Ignacio Pérez 1816 1817 Interim governor (July 27, 1816 - March 20, 1817)
Manuel Pardo 1817 1817 Interim governor (March 20, 1817 – May 27, 1817); Also was governor of Coahuila (1819-20)
Antonio María Martínez 1817 1821 Official governor

Mexican Texas

Province of Texas

Following the Mexican War of Independence, recognised by the Treaty of Córdoba, the territory of Texas became part of the First Mexican Empire.

Governor Took Office Left Office Notes
José Félix Trespalacios August 1822 April 1823
Luciano García June 16, 1823 October 12, 1823 He founded, toponymically, San Felipe de Austin.

State of Coahuila y Texas

After the dissolution of the first Mexican empire, the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1824 came into force, by which Texas joined Coahuila, forming the state of Coahuila and Texas, part of the United Mexican States. From 1823 to 1833 the capital and official seat of government was in Saltillo, Coahuila, while that from March 1833 until 1836, when Texas gained its independence from Mexico, the capital of the state was in Monclova, Coahuila.

Governor Took Office Left Office Notes
Rafael Gonzales 1824-02-03 1826-03-15
José Ignacio de Arizpe (1st term) 1826-03-15 1826-05-30
N/A 1826-05-30 1827-01-29
José Ignacio de Arizpe (2nd term) 1827-01-29 1827-08-01
José María Viesca (1st) 1827-08-01 1827-08-17
Víctor Blanco (1st term) 1827-08-17 1827-09-14
José María Viesca (2nd) 1827-09-14 1830-10-01
Ramón Músquiz (1st term) 1830-10-01 1831-01-05
José María Viesca (3rd) 1831-01-05 1831-04-04
José María de Letona (1st term) 1831-04-05 1831-04-28
Ramón Músquiz (2nd term) 1831-04-28 1831-05-10
José María de Letona (2nd term) 1831-05-10 1832-09-28
Ramón Músquiz (3rd) 1832-09-29 1832-12-23
Juan Martín de Veramendi 1832-12-24 1833-09-07
N/A 1833-09-08 1834-01-07
Juan José de Vidaurri y Villaseñor 1834-01-08 1834-07-23
Juan José Elguézabal 1834-07-23 1835-03-12
José María Cantú 1835-03-12 1835-03-24
N/A 1835-03-25 1835-03-26
Marciél Borrego 1835-03-27 1835-04-15
Agustín Viesca 1835-04-15 1835-06-05
N/A 1835-06-06 1835-07-17
José Miguel Falcón 1835-07-18 1835-08-13
Bartolomé de Cárdenas 1835-08-13 1835-08-15
Ramón Músquiz (4th term) 1835-08-15 1835-10-2 (Texas Revolution) After the Texas' independence, Músquiz continued to govern Coahuila until 1837

Texas Revolution

During the Texas Revolution, the Consultation declared independence from Mexico. An interim government was formed pending elections. The capital of the American colony of Texas was established in San Felipe de Austin.

President Took Office Left Office Notes
Henry Smith 1835 January 1836 Impeached.
James W. Robinson January 1836 March 2, 1836

Republic of Texas
President Took Office Left Office Notes
David G. Burnet 1836 1837 Burnet County; (acting) Vice-President of Texas under Lamar, U.S. Senator-Elect 1866.
Sam Houston 1836 1838 Houston; Houston County; also served as Governor and U.S. Senator, and formerly in Tennessee as Governor and U.S. Representative. Referred to as the first President of the Republic of Texas.
Mirabeau B. Lamar 1838 1841 Lamar County; Minister to Nicaragua.
Sam Houston 1841 1844 Houston; Houston County; also served as U.S. Representative and Governor for Tennessee, and as Governor and U.S. Senator for Texas.
Anson Jones 1844 1846 Jones County.

State of Texas

See: List of Governors of Texas

References
  1. Monclova, Coahuila, Mexico.
  2. Harris Gaylord Warren and Jack D. L. Homes, "HERRERA, SIMON DE," Handbook of Texas Online
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