List of combat vehicles of World War I

This is a list of combat vehicles of World War I, including conceptual, experimental, prototype, training and production vehicles. The vehicles in this list were either used in combat, produced or designed during the First World War. World War One saw the start of modern armoured warfare with an emphasis on using motor vehicles to provide support to the infantry.

British Mark I male tank

Key

"Little Willie", the first ever completed tank prototype.

Renault FT, the war’s most produced tank.

"Mother", the first in the line of British heavy tanks of the war

*	Concept
†	Experimental prototypes
‡	Entered service post-war

Tanks

Tanks came about as means to break the stalemate of trench warfare. They were developed to break through barbed wire and destroy enemy machine gun posts. The British and the French were the major users of tanks during the war; tanks were a lower priority for Germany as it assumed a defensive strategy. The few tanks that Germany built were outnumbered by the number of French and British tanks captured and reused.

France

• Aubriot Gabet tank †[1]
• FCM A *[2]
• FCM 1A †[3]
• FCM 1B *[4]
• Peugeot tank †[5]
• Renault FT[6]
• Saint-Chamond[7]
• Saint-Chamond 25t *[8]
• Schneider CA1[9]
• Schneider CA2 and CA3 †[10]
• Schneider CA4 *[11]

Germany

• A7V Sturmpanzerwagen[12]
• A7V-U-1 Sturmpanzerwagen †[13]
• K-Wagen †[14]
• Landpanzerkreuzer *[15]
• Leichter Kampfwagen I †[16]
• Leichter Kampfwagen II †[16]
• Leichter Kampfwagen III *[17]
• Sturmpanzerwagen Oberschlesien †[18]
• Orion Wagen II †[19]
• Orion Wagen III *[19]

Italy

• Ansaldo Turrinelli armoured tortoise *[20]
• Fiat 2000 ‡[21]

Russia

• Mendeleyev tank *[22]
• Rybinsk tank †[23]
• Vezdekhod †[24]
• Vezdekhod II *[25]

United Kingdom

• "Big Willie"/"Mother" †[26] - "Mother" was the prototype of the British Mark I tank
• Flotilla leader tank *[27]
• "Flying Elephant" *[28]
• Foster battletank *[27]
• Kupchak tank *[29]
• No.1 Lincoln Machine/"Little Willie" †[30] - the predecessor to "Mother"
• Macfie landship *[31]
• Marks I, II[32]
• Mark III[32] - built only for training in UK
• Mark IV[33] - the most produced British tank
• Mark V[34]
• Mark VI *[35]
• Mark VII †[36]
• Mark X *[37]
• Medium Mark A Whippet[38]
• Medium Mark B[39]
• Medium Mark C ‡[39]
• Medium Mark D †[40] - intended to be a relatively fast tank to take part in "Plan 1919"

United Kingdom & United States

• Mark VIII ‡[41]

United States

• CLB 75 Tank †[42]
• Ford 3-Ton M1918 †[43]
• Ford Mark I †[44]
• Holt 200 ton trench destroyer *[45]
• Holt gas electric tank †[42]
• M1917 light tank ‡[43]
• Skeleton tank †[42]
• Steam tank (tracked) †[42]

Armoured cars and trucks

A group of Belgian Minerva armoured cars

Most of the armoured cars of the war were produced by building armoured bodywork over commercial large car and truck chassis.

Austria-Hungary

• Austro-Daimler armoured car[46]
• Gonsior-Opp-Frank armoured car *[47]
• Junovicz armoured car[48]
• Romfell armoured car[49]

Belgium

• Minerva armoured car[50]
• SAVA armoured car[51]

Canada

• Armoured Autocar[52]
• Jeffery-Russel armoured car[53]

Denmark

• HtK46 armoured car †[54]

France

Peugeot armoured car

White AM armoured car

• Archer armoured car[55]
• Charron armoured car[56]
• Dion-Bouton armoured car 1914 †[55]
• Dion-Bouton armoured car 1916 †[55]
• Gasnier armoured car †[55]
• Hotchkiss armoured car[54]
• Latil armoured car[55]
• Panhard armoured car[55]
• Peugeot armoured car[57]
• Renault armoured car[57]
• Renault 47mm autocanon[55]
• Vinot Deguinguand armoured car †[55]
• White AM armoured car[55]

Germany

Ehrhardt E-V/4

• Büssing A5P[13]
• Daimler 15[13]
• Ehrhardt E-V/4[58]
• Mannesmann MULAG armoured truck[59]
• Marienwagen II armoured halftrack †[60]

Italy

• Bianchi armoured car[61]
• Fiat-Terni armoured car[62]
• Lancia 1Z[63]
• Lancia 1ZM[61]
• Pavesi 35 PS armoured car[64]

Poland

• Pilsudski armoured car[65]

Russia

• Armstrong Whitworth armoured car[66]
• Austin-Kegresse armoured car[67]
• Austin-Putilov armoured car[68]
• Fiat-Izorski armoured car[69]
• Fiat-Omsky armoured car[70]
• Garford-Putilov armoured truck[71]
• Isotta-Fraschini-Mgebrov armoured car[72]
• Jeffery-Poplavko armoured truck[73]
• Renault-Mgebrov armoured car[74]
• Russo Balt Izorski C armoured car[75]
• White-Mgebrov armoured car[72]

United Kingdom

Rolls-Royce armoured car

Lanchester armoured car

• AC armoured car †[76]
• Austin armoured car[77]
• Delaunay-Belleville armoured car[78]
• Ford Model T armoured car[79]
• Isotta-Fraschini armoured car[80]
• Lanchester armoured car[81]
• Leyland armoured lorry[82]
• Peerless armoured car[83]
• Peerless armoured lorry[84]
• Pierce-Arrow armoured lorry[85]
• Rolls-Royce armoured car[86]
• Seabrook armoured lorry[87]
• Sheffield-Simplex armoured car[88]
• Sizaire-Berwick wind wagon †[89]
• Talbot armoured car[90]
• Wolseley armoured car[91]
• Wolseley CP armoured car[92]

United States

• Davidson-Cadillac armored car[93]
• King armored car[94]
• Mack armored car †[95]
• White armored car[96]

Self-propelled artillery

France

• Canon de 75 antiaérien on De Dion-Bouton truck[97]
• Renault FT 75 BS[98]
• Renault FT self-propelled gun †[99]
• Renault FT STA self-propelled gun †[99]
• Renault FT STAV self-propelled gun †[99]
• Saint Chamond 120mm L self-propelled cannon †[100]
• Saint Chamond 155mm GPF self-propelled cannon †[100]
• Saint Chamond 194mm GPF self-propelled gun ‡[101] - 50 built from April 2018
• Obusier 220mm de St Chamond sur affût-chenilles St Chamond †[100] - 1 built and tested in July 1918
• Saint Chamond 280mm TR self-propelled mortar ‡[102]
• Canon de 220mm L Mle1917 Schneider †[103] - 1 built

Germany

• A7V Flakpanzer †[104]
• Leichte Kraftwagengeschutze 7.7cm L-27 flak[105]

Italy

• Lancia 1Z 75-27 autocannone[106]
• SPA 9000C 102-35 autocannone[107]

Russia

• Russo Balt T 76mm AA gun[108]

The Gun Carrier Mark I could transport a British field gun over difficult ground but in practice were used more for carrying supplies

United Kingdom

• Emplacement Destroyer No. 1, 1A, 2 & 3 *[79]
• Gun Carrier Mark I[109]
• Peerless armoured AA lorry[110]
• Pierce-Arrow armoured AA lorry[111] - 40mm QF 2-pounder gun on lorry chassis
• QF 13-pounder 6 cwt AA gun on Thornycroft J lorry[112]

United States

• Holt 55-1 3-inch AA gun †[113] - delivered in 1917
• Holt Mark I (8-inch howitzer) †[113] - 3 built and tested in 1918
• Holt Mark II (155mm M1918 gun) †[113]
• Holt Mark III (240mm howitzer) †[113]
• Holt Mark IV (240mm howitzer) †[113]
• Christie 3-inch AA gun †[114]
• Christie 8-inch self-propelled howitzer †[114]

Armoured trains

Austria-Hungary

• MAVAG Typ AE panzerzug[115]

Belgium

• Light armoured train[116]

Belgium & United Kingdom

• Heavy "Anglo-Belgian" armoured train[117]

Germany

• Deutsches Heer armoured train[118]

Russia

• Zaamurets armoured train[119]

South Africa

• South African Engineer Corps armoured train[120]

The LNWR built two armoured trains for the defence of the east coast of England

United Kingdom

• GNR(I) armoured train[120]
• LNWR armoured train ("Norma" and "Alice")[121]
• Royal Navy armoured train[121]
• Simplex armoured train[121]
• Uganda Railway armoured train[122]

Other vehicles

Canada

• Saczeany tank *[123]

The Renault FT TSF carried a wireless telegraph set but no armament

France

• Aubriot Gabet armoured tractor †[1]
• Boirault machine I and II †[124]
• Breton-Prétot machine (armed tractor) †[124]
• Frot-Turmel-Laffly landship †[124]
• Renault FT TSF (radio tank)[125]
• Souain armoured tractor †[126]

Germany

• Marienwagen I †[127]
• Orion Wagen I (armoured tractor) †[19]
• Treffas Wagen (armoured tractor) †[128]

Italy

• Gussalli assault car †[129]

Russia

• Tsar "tank" †[130]

Mark IX, the world's first specialised armoured personnel carrier

United Kingdom

• AEC B type armoured lorry[131]
• Gun Carrier Mark II *[79]
• Killen-Strait armoured tractor †[132]
• Mark I converted to supply tank[133]
• Mark I fitted with wireless communications [133]
• Mark IX[134]
• Pedrail Machine †[135]
• Salvage Machine[136]

United States

• Holt 150 ton field monitor *[45]
• Holt G9 armored tractor †[137]
• Steam Wheel "tank" †[138]
• Studebaker supply tank †[42]

See also

• List of armoured fighting vehicles
• Lists of World War I topics
• Military technology during World War I and the interwar years
• Technology during World War I

References

1. Misner, "Cuirasse Aubriot-Gabet".
2. Misner, "Char Lourd FCM A".
3. B, "FCM 2C".
4. Misner, "Char Lourd FCM 1B".
5. Misner, "Char Peugeot".
6. Forty & Livesey 2006, pp. 132–133.
7. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 75.
8. Misner, "Char 25 tonnes Saint Chamond".
9. Bishop 2006, p. 21.
10. Gale 2016, p. 117.
11. Malmassari 2010, p. 54.
12. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 52.
13. Zaloga 2006.
14. Foss 2002, p. 231.
15. Kempf & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "Friedrich Goebel, German Tank Innovator 1913-1917".
16. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 88.
17. Strasheim & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "Leichte Kampfwagen (LK) Series".
18. Stone 2015.
19. Rigsby & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "Orion-Wagen".
20. Hills, "Ansaldo Turrinelli Testuggine Corazzata".
21. Hills, "Fiat 2000".
22. Kempf & Radley, P (ed.), "The Mendeleyev Tank".
23. Martinez 2014, p. 4.
24. Milsom 1971, p. 13.
25. Milsom 1971, p. 19.
26. Hutchins 2005, p. 11.
27. Todd, Sautin & Radley, P (ed.), "The Flying Elephant".
28. Hutchins 2005, p. 6.
29. Hills, "Kupchak War Automobile".
30. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 87.
31. Todd & Radley, P (ed.), "The Macfie Landships".
32. Forty & Livesey 2006, pp. 92–93 & 95.
33. Bishop 2006, pp. 16–17.
34. Bishop 2006, p. 17.
35. Moore, "Mark VI Tank".
36. Fletcher 2016, p. 145.
37. Fletcher 2016, p. 106.
38. Bishop 2006, p. 15.
39. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 89.
40. Clelland, "Medium Mark D". sfn error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help)
41. Forty & Livesey 2006, pp. 106–107.
42. Forty & Livesey 2006, pp. 82–83.
43. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 81.
44. Zaloga 2017, p. 11.
45. Rigsby & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "150 ton Field Monitor and the 200 ton trench destroyer".
46. Rigsby & Radley, P (ed.), "Austro-Daimler Armoured Car".
47. Hills, "Gonsior, Opp, and Frank War Automobile".
48. Kempf, "Junovicz Armoured Car".
49. Kempf & Radley, P (ed.), "Romfell Armoured Car".
50. Bishop 2006, p. 12.
51. History of World War I 2002, p. 850. sfn error: no target: CITEREFHistory_of_World_War_I2002 (help)
52. Zaloga 2017, p. 6.
53. B, "Jeffery No.1 & Jeffery-Russel".
54. B, "Hotchkiss mle 1909".
55. Misner, "Automitrailleuses et autocanons".
56. Kempf & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "Charron Armoured Car".
57. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 364.
58. Bishop 2006, p. 27.
59. Lepage 2014, p. 172.
60. Kempf & Radley, P (ed.), "Marienwagen gepanzert".
61. B, "Lancia Ansaldo IZ/IZM".
62. Kempf & Radley, P (ed.), "Fiat-Terni Armoured Car".
63. Bishop 2006, p. 20.
64. Jackson 2010, p. 25.
65. Magnuski 1993, pp. 28–29.
66. B, "Armstrong-Withworth 1913".
67. Kempf, "Ivan" harvnb error: no target: CITEREF"Ivan" (help) & Radley, P (ed.), "Austin-Kegresse Armoured Car".
68. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 13.
69. Kempf, "Ivan" harvnb error: no target: CITEREF"Ivan" (help) & Radley, P (ed.), "Izorski-Fiat Armoured Car".
70. Bullock & Deryabin 2003, pp. 11–12.
71. Kempf, "Ivan" harvnb error: no target: CITEREF"Ivan" (help) & Radley, P (ed.), "Putilov-Garford Heavy Armoured Car".
72. B, "Mgebrov armored cars".
73. B, "Poplavko-Jeffery".
74. B, "Mgebrov-Renault".
75. B, "Russo-Balt Type C".
76. White 1970, p. 102.
77. Bishop 2006, p. 18.
78. White 2007, pp. 114–115. sfn error: no target: CITEREFWhite2007 (help)
79. White 1970, p. 241.
80. White 1970, pp. 108–109.
81. Bishop 2006, p. 19.
82. Foss 2002, p. 141.
83. Foss 2002, p. 142.
84. Duncan 1970, p. 12.
85. Duncan 1970, p. 7.
86. Forty & Livesey 2006, pp. 366–367.
87. Bishop 2006, p. 139.
88. White 1970, pp. 115–116.
89. Foss 2002, pp. 139–140.
90. Foss 2002, p. 137.
91. White 1970, pp. 100–101.
92. White 1970, p. 108.
93. Rigsby & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "Davidson-Cadillac Armoured Cars".
94. Zaloga 2017, p. 15.
95. Zaloga 2017, p. 12.
96. Zaloga 2017, p. 10.
97. Bishop 2002, p. 150.
98. Clelland, "Renault FT 75 BS". sfn error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help)
99. Clelland, "Renault FT Self-Propelled Guns". sfn error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help)
100. Clelland, "St Chamond Self-Propelled Guns". sfn error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help)
101. Hutchins 2005, p. 12.
102. Hutchins 2005, p. 7.
103. Knighton, "8 French Self-Propelled Artillery Weapons".
104. Harris, "Flakpanzer A7V".
105. Fleischer 2015, p. 83.
106. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 273.
107. Pugnani 1951, pp. 161–162.
108. Baryatinsky & Kolomiets 2000.
109. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 395.
110. White 1970, p. 112.
111. White 1970, p. 111.
112. Forty & Livesey 2006, p. 396.
113. Clelland, "Holt Self-Propelled Guns". sfn error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help)
114. Clelland, "Christie Self-Propelled Guns". sfn error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help)
115. Kempf, "Austro-Hungarian Armoured Trains".
116. Malmassari 2016, pp. 51–55.
117. Malmassari 2016, pp. 55–57.
118. Malmassari 2016, p. 194.
119. Kempf & Radley, P (ed.), "Zaamurets Armoured Train".
120. Malmassari 2016, p. 244.
121. Malmassari 2016, p. 242.
122. Malmassari 2016, pp. 243–244.
123. Hills, "Saczeany APC".
124. Zaloga 2011.
125. Zaloga 2014, p. 5.
126. Gougaud 1987, p. 111.
127. Kempf & Radley, P (ed.), "Marienwagen gepanzert".
128. Rigsby & Clelland harvnb error: no target: CITEREFClelland (help) (ed.), "Treffaswagen".
129. Hills, "Carro d’assalto ‘Gussalli’".
130. Lucian, "Tsar tank".
131. White 1970, pp. 100–102.
132. Moore, "Killen-Strait Armoured Tractor".
133. Fletcher 2004, p. 36.
134. Foss 2002, p. 102.
135. White 1970, pp. 17–18.
136. Bishop 2014, p. 22.
137. Forty 1984, p. 34.
138. Foss 2002, p. 19.

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• Bishop, Chris (2014). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War I. London: Amber Books. ISBN 978-1-78274-141-1.
• Bullock, David; Deryabin, Alexander (2003). Armored Units of the Russian Civil War: White and Allied. New Vanguard. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781841765440.
• Clelland, Charlie, "Christie Self-Propelled Guns", Landships II
• Clelland, Charlie, "Holt Self-Propelled Guns", Landships II
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External links

• Articles on WWI Tanks and Armored cars at Tank Encyclopedia