List of marine molluscs of Mozambique

The list of marine molluscs of Mozambique is a list of saltwater species that form a part of the molluscan fauna of Mozambique. This list does not include the land or freshwater molluscs.

Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements


Gastropoda

Gastropods in Mozambique include:

Patellogastropoda

Patellidae - True limpets

  • Cellana radiata capensis (Gmelin, 1791)[1](Port Alfred to Kenya)[2] (syn. Cellana capensis Gmelin, Helcioniscus capensis (Gmelin, 1790), Patella capensis Gmelin, 1791)
  • Variable limpet Helcion concolor Krauss, 1848 (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]
  • Patella flexuosa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mzambique)[3] (syn. Scutellastra flexuosa)
  • Patella pica Reeve, 1854 (Zululand to Mozambique)[2] (syn. Scutellastra pica)

Vetigastropoda

Pleurotomariidae

Haliotidae - Abalone

Fissurellidae - Keyhole limpets

Trochidae

Turbinidae - Turban shells

Phasianellidae

Neritimorpha

Neritidae - Nerites

Caenogastropoda

Hipponicidae - Hoof limpets

Littorinidae

  • Striped periwinkle Littoraria glabrata (Philippi, 1846) (Transkei to Mozambique)[2] (Syn. Littorina kraussi Rosewater, 1970, Littorina glabrata Philippi, 1846)
  • Estuarine periwinkles Littoraria scabra group. (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]
  • Nodular periwinkle Nodilittorina natalensis Philippi, 1847 (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]


Assimineidae

  • Assiminia ovata Krauss, 1848 (Knysna to Mozambique)[2]

Vermetidae - Worm shells

  • Colonial worm shell Dendropoma corallinaceus (Tomlin, 1939) (Orange river to Transkei)[2] (Keen & Morton listed as authors by WoRMS) (syn. Vermetus (Stoa) corallinaceus Tomlin, 1939)

Turritellidae

  • Turritella carinifera Lamarck, 1799 (Western Cape to southern Mozambique)[2]
  • Turritella chrysostomus Linnaeus, 1758 (northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]

Potamididae

Cerithiidae

Xenophoridae

Cypraeidae - True cowries

  • Ring cowrie Cypraea annulus Linnaeus, 1758 (Algoa Bay to Mozambique)[6]
  • Arabic cowrie Cypraea arabica Linnaeus, 1758 (Algoa Bay to Mozambique)[6]
  • Cypraea barclayi Reeve, 1857 (Cape St Blaize and north/east)[6] (syn. Erronea barclayi (Cape St Blaize to Mozambique))[3]
  • Cypraea broderipii Sowerby II, 1832 (Port Edward and north)[6] (syn. Lyncina broderipii (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Snake's head cowrie Cypraea caputserpentis Linnaeus, 1758 (Still Bay to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Carnelian cowrie Cypraea carneola Linnaeus, 1758 (Jeffreys Bay to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Orange cowrie Cypraea citrina Gray, 1825 (Jeffreys Bay to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Cypraea cribraria Linnaeus, 1758 (Jeffreys Bay and Mozambique)[6] (syn. Cribraria cribraria comma)[3]
  • Eroded cowrie Cypraea erosa Linnaeus, 1758 (Knysna estuary to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Kitten cowrie Cypraea felina Gmelin, 1791 (Port Alfred to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Cypraea fultoni Sowerby III, 1903 (Haga Haga and north)[6] (Sub-species Barycypraea fultoni amorimi and Barycypraea fultoni massiera(both Mozambique))[3]
  • Honey cowrie Cypraea helvola Linnaeus, 1758 (Jeffreys Bay to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Cypraea isabella Linnaeus, 1758 (Coffee Bay and north)[6] (syn. Luria isabella (Wild Coast to Mozambique))[3]
  • Cypraea mappa Linnaeus, 1758 (Park Rynie)[6] (syn. Leporicypraea mappa (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Cypraea marginalis Dillwyn, 1827 (Jeffreys Bay and north)[6] (syn. Erosaria marginalis (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Money cowrie Cypraea moneta Linnaeus, 1758 (Transkei to Mozambique)[2] (Durban and north)[6]
  • Cypraea nucleus Linnaeus, 1758 (Scottburgh and north)[6] (syn. Staphylaea nucleus (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Cypraea owenii Sowerby II, 1837 (Coffee Bay and north)[6] (syn. Bistolida owenii vasta (Wild Coast to Mozambique))[3]
  • Cypraea scurra Gmelin, 1791 (Scottburgh and north)[6] (syn. Mauritia scurra (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Stippled cowrie Cypraea staphylaea Linnaeus, 1758 (Mngazana to Mozambique)[2][6]
  • Cypraea stolida Linnaeus, 1758 (Scottburgh and north)[6] (syn. Bistolida stolida diauges (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Cypraea talpa Linnaeus, 1758 (Park Rynie and north)[6] (syn. Talparia talpa (Northern Wild Coast to Mozambique))[3]
  • Tiger cowrie Cypraea tigris Linnaeus, 1758 (Transkei to Mozambique)[2] (Algoa Bay and north)[6]
  • Erosia ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]
  • Erronea chinensis (Gmelin, 1791) (Jeffreys Bay to Mozambique))[3]
  • Erronea succinata (Lamarck, 1810) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique))[3]

Ovulidae

  • Calpurnus verrucosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sodwana Bay and Mozambique)[3][6]
  • Ovula costellata Lamarck, 1810 (Sodwana Bay and Mozambique)[3][6]
  • Ovula ovum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sodwana Bay and Mozambiqueh)[3][6]
  • Phenacovolva longirostrata (Sowerby I, 1828) (Whale Rock (Transkei) to Mozambique)[3][6]
  • ?Phenacovolva poppeii Fehse, 2000 (KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Phenacovolva rugosa (Cate and Azuma, 1973) (Park Rynie and Mozambique)[3][6]
  • Volva volva Linnaeus, 1758 (Pumila (southern KwaZulu-Natal) to Mozambique)[3][6]

Velutinidae

Triviidae - Trivia

Naticidae - Necklace shells

  • Eunaticina perobliqua (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Mammilla fibrosa (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852) (Mozambique)[3]
  • Natica arachnoidea (Gmelin, 1791) (Mozambique)[3]
  • Natica lineata (Roding, 1798) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Naticarius alapapilionis (Roding, 1798) (northern Wild Coast to Mozambique)[3]
  • Naticarius manceli (Josseaume, 1874) (northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Naticarius onca (Roding, 1798) (northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Neverita albumen (Linnaeus, 1758) (Durban to Mozambique)[3]
  • Neverita perselephanti (Link, 1807) (KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Comma necklace shell Notocochlis gualteriana Récluz, 1844. (Syn. Natica gualteriana) (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]
  • Moon shell Polinices didyma Röding, 1798 (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]
  • Polinices mammilla Linnaeus 1758 (Transkei to Mozambique)[2]
  • Polinices paciae Bozzetti, 1997 (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Polinices priamus (Recluz, 1844) (Mozambique)[3]
  • Polinices sebae (Recluz, 1844) (KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Polinices simiae (Deshayes, 1838) (Wild Coast to Mozambique)[3]
  • Polinices syrphetodes (Kilburn, 1976) (KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Sinum delessertii (Recluz, 1843) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Sinum haliotoideum (Linnaeus, 1758) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Sinum laevigatum (Lamarck, 1822) (Durban to Mozambique)[3]
  • Sinum quasimodoides Kilburn, 1976 (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Tanea euzona (Recluz, 1844) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Tanea hilaris (Sowerby, 1914) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Tectonatica violacea (Sowerby, 1825) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]

Tonnidae - Cassinae - Helmet shells

  • Casmaria erinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Casmaria ponderosa (Gmelin, 1791) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Cassis cornuta (Linnaeus, 1758) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Galeodea keyteri (Kilburn, 1975) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Oocorys sulcata Fischer, 1883 (eastern seaboard of South Africa and Mozambique)[3]
  • Checkerboard bonnet shell Phalium areola (Linnaeus, 1758) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Phalium fimbria (Gmelin, 1791) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Phalium glaucum (Linnaeus, 1758) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Semicassis bisulcata (Schubert & Wagner, 1829) (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Semicassis bulla fernandesi (Kilburn, 1975) (Central KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Semicassis craticulata (Euthyme, 1885) (Jeffreys Bay to Mozambique)[3]
  • Semicassis faurotis (Jousseaume, 1888) (Kwazulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Semicassis microstoma (von Martens, 1903) (Central Kwazulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]

Janthinidae - Violet shells

  • Bubble raft shell or Violet snail Janthina janthina Linnaeus, 1758 (Cape Columbine to Mozambique)[2]

Bursidae

Ranellidae

  • Pink lady Charonia lampas pustulata Euthyme, 1889 (Cape Point to Mozambique)[2]
  • Furry ridged triton Cabestana cutacea africana Adams A. 1855 (Namibia to southern Mozambique)[2]

Muricidae

  • Branched murex Chicoreus inflatus Lamarck, 1822. (Syn. Chicoreus ramosus) (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[2]
  • Mulberry shell Morula granulata Duclos, 1832 (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]
  • Short-spined murex Murex brevispina Lamarck, 1822 (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[2]
  • Salmon lipped whelk Purpura persica Linnaeus, 1758 (Syn. Purpura panama) (Transkei to Mozambique)[2]
  • Thais bufo Lamarck 1822 (Transkei to Indo-Pacific)[2]
  • Thais (Mancinella) alouina Röding, 1798. (Syn. Mancinella alouina) (Transkei to Indo-Pacific)[2]
  • Thais savignyi Deshayes, 1844 (Zululand to Indo-Pacific)[2]

Mitridae - Mitres

Strombidae - Strombs

  • Lambis chiragra arthritica Roding, 1798 (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Lambis crocata crocata (Link, 1807) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Lambis digitata (Perry, 1811) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Lambis lambis(Linnaeus, 1758) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]
  • Lambis scorpius indomarisAbbott, 1961 (Mozambique)[3]
  • Lambis truncata truncata(Lightfoot, 1768) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[3]
  • Variable stromb Strombus mutabilis Swainson, 1821 (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]
  • Strombus wilsonorum Abbott, 1967 (KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique)[3]

Nassariidae

Dogwhelks

Plough shells

Olividae - Olive shells

Conidae - Cone shells

Heterobranchia

Architectonicidae

  • Variegated sundial shell Heliacus variegatus (Gmelin, 1791) (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]

Siphonariidae - False limpets

  • Siphonaria nigerrima Smith, 1903 (Zululand to Mozambique)[2]
  • Siphonaria tenuicostulata Smith, 1903 (Durban to Mozambique)[2]

Hydatinidae

Philinidae

  • Sand slug Philene aperta (Linnaeus, 1767) (Cape Columbine to Mozambique)[2][7][8]

Anaspidea

Aplysiidae

  • Shaggy sea hare Bursatella leachi leachi (Blainville. 1817) (Cape Columbine to Mozambique)[2][7]
  • Shaggy sea hare Bursatella leachi africana (Engel, 1927)[7][8]
  • Wedge sea hare Dolabella auricularia (Solander, 1786) (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2][7]

Notaspidea

Pleurobranchidae

Nudibranchia - Nudibranchs

Hexabranchidae

Bivalvia

Bivalves in Mozambique include:

Mytilidae - Mussels

Perna perna
  • Estuarine mussel Arcuatula capensis (Cape Agulhas to Mozambique)[2]
  • Brack-water mussel Brachidontes virgiliae (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[2]
  • Semistriated mussel Brachidontes semistriatus (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]
  • Ear mussel Modiolus auriculatus (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]
  • Brown mussel Perna perna (Cape Point to Mozambique)[2]
  • Ledge mussel Septifer bilocularis (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]

Arcidae - Ark clams

  • Arca avellana Lam? (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]
  • Oblique ark shell Barbatia obliquata (Cape Columbine to Mozambique)[2]

Noetiidae

  • Striarca symmetrica (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]

Pinnidae - Pen shells

  • Pinna muricata (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]

Gryphaeidae

  • Hyotissa numisma(Transkei to Mozambique)[2]

Ostreidae - True oysters

  • Natal rock oyster Saccostrea cuccullata (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2] (syn. Crassostrea cucculata)
  • Cape rock oyster Striostrea margaritacea (Cape Point to Mozambique)[2]

Anomiidae - Saddle oysters

  • Saddle oyster Anomia achaeus (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]

Pteriidae - Pearl oysters

  • Cape pearl oyster Pinctada capensis (Capr Agulhas to Mozambique)[2]

Pectinidae - Scallops

  • Dwarf fan shell Chlamys tincta (Cape Columbine to Mozambique)[2]

Cardiidae - Cockles

  • Cockle Trachycardium flavum (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[2]
  • Trachycardium rubicundum (Eastern Transkei to Mozambique)[2]

Tridacnidae - Giant clams

Mactridae - Trough shells

  • Smooth trough shell Mactra glabrata (Cape Columbine to Mozambique)[2]

Carditidae

  • Rectangular false cockle Cardita variegata (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]

Solenidae

  • Solen cylindraceus (Transkei to Mozambique)[2]

Lucinidae

  • Smooth platter shell Loripes clausus Philippi 1848 (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]

Unionidae

  • Toothless platter shell Anodontia edentula Linnaeus 1758 (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]

Lasaeidae

  • Dwarf rusty clam Lasaea adansoni turtoni (Cape Point to Mozambique)Gmelin 1791[2]

Tellinidae

  • Littoral tellin Macoma litoralis (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]

Teredinidae

  • Shipworm Bankia carinata (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]

Donacidae - Wedge shells

  • Donax bipartitus (East London to Mozambique)[2]
  • Round ended wedge shell Donax burnupi (Cape Point to Mozambique)[2]
  • Slippery wedge shell Donax lubricus (Port Alfred to Mozambique)[2]
  • Ridged wedge shell Donax madagscariensis (Transkei to Mozambique)[2]

Psammobiidae - Sunset clams

  • Sunset clam Hiatula lunulata (Transkei to Mozambique)[2]

Veneridae - Venus shells

  • Dosinia hepatica (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]
  • Beaked clam Eumarcia paupercula (Mossel Bay to Mozambique)[2]
  • Ribbed venus Gafrarium pectinatum alfredense (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[2]
  • Meretrix meretrix(only recorded from Mozambique)[2]
  • Zigzag clam Pitar abbreviatus (Cape Point to Mozambique)[2]
  • Tivela polita (Transkei to Mozambique)[2]
  • Warty venus Venus verrucosa(Namibia to Mozambique)[2]

Polyplacophora

Chitons (Polyplacophora) in Mozambique include:

Ischnochitonidae

Chitonidae

Cephalopoda

Cephalopods in Mozambique include:

Teuthida - Squid

Loliginidae

Sepiida - Cuttlefish

Sepiidae

Spirulida - Ram's horn squid

Spirulidae

See also

Lists of molluscs of surrounding countries:

References
  1. WoRMS
  2. Branch, G.M. Griffiths, C.L. Branch, M.L. Beckley, L.E. Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. 5th impression, David Philip, Cape Town, 2000. ISBN 0-86486-250-4
  3. Steyn, D.G. & Lussi, M. 2005. Offshore Shells of Southern Africa ISBN 0-620-33607-2
  4. Kilburn, R. and Rippey, E. Sea Shells of Southern Africa MacMillan South Africa 1982 ISBN 0-86954-094-7
  5. Nangammbi T. C. & Herbert D. G. (2008). "A new species of pheasant shell from the south-western Indian Ocean (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Phasianellidae: Tricolia)". African Invertebrates 49(2): 13-19. abstract Archived 2009-06-15 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Liltved, William Rune. Cowries and their relatives of southern Africa: A study of the southern African Cypraeacean and Velutinaceac gastropod fauna, Gordon Verhoef, Seacomber Publications, 2000. ISBN 0-908420-89-7
  7. Gosliner, Terrence. Nudibranchs of southern Africa: A guide to Opisthobranch molluscs of southern Africa Sea Challengers, Monterey, 1987. ISBN 0-930118-13-8
  8. Zsilavecz, Guido. Nudibranchs of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay. SURG, Cape Town, 2007. ISBN 0-620-38054-3
  9. Day, J.H. A guide to marine life on South African shores. Balkema, Cape Town, 1969
  10. http://tolweb.org/Uroteuthis/19863

Further reading
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