List of monarchy referendums

Monarchy referendums are referendums on the abolition or restoration of monarchy and on the rules of succession.

Country Referendum Date Result For republic [%] For monarchy [%] Turnout [%] Comments Notes
Albania 1997 Albanian monarchy referendum 29 June 1997 republic continuation 66.7 33.3 71.64 [1][2]
Australia 1999 Australian republic referendum 6 November 1999 monarchy continuation 45.13 54.87 95.1 [3]
Belgium 1950 Belgian monarchy referendum 12 March 1950 Leopold III returned to the throne but abdicated 5 months later in favour of his eldest son Baudouin 42.32 57.68 92.92 [4]
Brazil 1993 Brazilian constitutional referendum 21 April 1993 republic continuation 86.6 13.4 84.3 [5]
Bulgaria 1946 Bulgarian republic referendum 8 September 1946 monarchy abolished 95.6 4.4 91.7 [6]
Denmark 2009 Danish Act of Succession referendum 7 June 2009 eliminated male-preference primogeniture in favour of absolute primogeniture - - 58.32 85.3% voted in favour and 14.6% voted against absolute primogeniture [7][8]
The Gambia 1965 Gambian republic referendum 24 November 1965 monarchy continuation 65.85 34.15 60.46 Required 2/3 majority [9]
The Gambia 1970 Gambian republic referendum April 1970 monarchy abolished 70.45 29.55 90.1 [10]
Greece 1862 Greek head of state referendum 19 November 1862 Prince Alfred of the United Kingdom was elected to be the King but he declined the throne - - [11][12]
Greece 1935 Greek monarchy referendum 3 November 1935 monarchy restored 2.1 97.9 [13][14][15]
Greece 1920 Greek referendum 22 November 1920 Constantine I returned to the throne - - [16]
Greece 1946 Greek referendum 1 September 1946 monarchy continuation 31.6 68.4 86.6 [17]
Greece 1924 Greek republic referendum 13 April 1924 monarchy abolished 70.0 30.0 On 25 March 1924 the Second Hellenic Republic was proclaimed [18]
Greece 1973 Greek republic referendum 29 July 1973 monarchy abolished 78.6 21.4 75.0 [19]
Greece 1974 Greek republic referendum 8 December 1974 monarchy abolished 69.2 30.8 75.6 The Junta had already staged a plebiscite held on 29 July 1973, which resulted in the establishment of the Republic. However, after the fall of the military regime, the new government, under Constantine Karamanlis, decided to hold another one, as Junta legal acts were considered illegal. [20]
Iceland 1944 Icelandic constitutional referendum between 20 and 23 May 1944 monarchy abolished 98.5 1.5 98.4 [21]
Iran March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum 30 and 31 March 1979 monarchy abolished 99.3 0.7 98 [22]
Italy 1946 Italian institutional referendum 2 June 1946 monarchy abolished 54.3 45.7 89.1 [23]
Luxembourg 1919 Luxembourg referendum 28 September 1919 monarchy continuation 19.7 80.3 72.1 [24]
Maldives 1952 Maldivian constitutional referendum 17 and 18 April 1952 monarchy abolished 96 4 [25]
Maldives 1953 Maldivian constitutional referendum August 1953 monarchy restored 2.0 98.0 [26]
Maldives 1968 Maldivian constitutional referendum 15 March 1968 monarchy abolished 81.23 18.77 93.35 [27]
Mexico 1863 Mexican emperor referendum 4 December 1863 monarchy restored 0 100 74.76 Second Mexican Empire was created [28]
Norway 1905 Norwegian monarchy referendum 12 and 13 November 1905 monarchy continuation 21.06 78.94 75.3 [29]
Rhodesia 1969 Rhodesian constitutional referendum 20 June 1969 monarchy abolished 81.01 18.99 80.97 [30]
Romania 1866 Romanian prince referendum 20 April 1866 Prince Karl Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen become the ruler - - 84.60
Rwanda 1961 Rwandan monarchy referendum 25 September 1961 monarchy abolished 79.85 20.15 95.31 [31]
Kingdom of Sikkim 1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum 14 April 1975 monarchy abolished 97.55 2.45 63.02 [32]
South Africa 1960 South African republic referendum 5 October 1960 monarchy abolished 52.29 47.71 90.77 [33]
Spain 1947 Spanish law of succession referendum 6 July 1947 monarchy restored 4.9 95.1 88.6 It appointed Francisco Franco as head of state for life until Franco's death or resignation, but also granted him the power to appoint his successor as King or Regent of the Kingdom and thereby formally establish a new Kingdom of Spain. [34]
Vietnam 1955 State of Vietnam referendum 23 October 1955 republic continuation 98.91 1.09 [35]
Tuvalu 2008 Tuvaluan constitutional referendum 30 April 2008 monarchy continuation 35.02 64.98 [36]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2009 Vincentian constitutional referendum 25 November 2009 monarchy continuation 43.71 55.29 53.48 [37]

References
  1. "Albania: two thousand attend Tirana protest rally in support of monarchy". ATA. 1997-07-02. Retrieved 2008-07-31.
  2. Ex-king's son returns to Albania, BBC News Online, 28 June 2002.
  3. 26, corporateName=Australian Electoral Commission; address=Queen Victoria Terrace, Parkes ACT 2600; contact=13 23. "Key results". Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 2018-05-10.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. (PDF) http://www.senate.be/lexdocs/S0712/S07122278.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. "Comerciais | Caça ao voto - VEJA.com". 2011-06-15. Archived from the original on 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  6. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p368 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  7. Folkeafstemning Søndag 7. Juni 2009 Danmarks Statistik
  8. (www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Denmark votes to change royal succession rules | DW | 08.06.2009". DW.COM. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  9. http://africanelections.tripod.com/gm.html#1965_Plebiscite. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. Arnold Hughes & David Perfect (2006) A political history of the Gambia, 1816–1994, University of Rochester Press, p346
  11. The Times, 16 February 1863, p. 6, col. A
  12. Finlay, George; Tozer, Henry Fanshawe (editor) (1877), A history of Greece, from its conquest by the Romans to the present time, B.C. 146 to A.D. 1864, vol. VII, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  13. Nohlen & Stöver, p838
  14. Miller, William (1936). "A New Era in Greece". Foreign Affairs. 14 (4): 654–661. doi:10.2307/20030766. JSTOR 20030766.
  15. see Gazette 456, dated 10.10.1935, p. 2295
  16. Nohlen & Stöver, p838
  17. Nohlen & Stöver, p838
  18. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p830 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  19. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p830 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  20. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p830 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  21. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p961 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  22. Jaynes, Gregory (1979-04-01). "Landslide Victory for Khomeini Reported in Voting". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  23. "Dipartimento per gli Affari Interni e Territoriali". elezionistorico.interno.gov.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  24. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1244 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  25. (PDF) https://calhoun.nps.edu/bitstream/handle/10945/10724/11Dec_Amir.pdf?sequence=1. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  26. ch, Beat Müller, beat (at-sign) sudd (dot). "Malediven, ??. August 1953 : Wiedereinführung des Sultanats -- [in German]". www.sudd.ch. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  27. Eur (2002). The Far East and Australasia 2003. Psychology Press. ISBN 9781857431339.
  28. ch, Beat Müller, beat (at-sign) sudd (dot). "Mexiko, 4. Dezember 1863 : Erzherzog Maximilian von Habsburg-Lothringen als Kaiser -- [in German]". www.sudd.ch. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  29. "Kong Haakon VII (1872-1957)". www.kongehuset.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  30. AP Archive (2015-07-21), SYND 19-6-69 REPORT FROM RHODESIA ON RECENT REFERENDUM, retrieved 2018-05-10
  31. Perraudin, Frances (12 January 2017). "Rwanda's new king named – a father of two living on an estate near Manchester". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  32. ch, Beat Müller, beat (at-sign) sudd (dot). "Sikkim (Indien), 14. April 1975 : Abschaffung der Monarchie -- [in German]". www.sudd.ch. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  33. Paxton, J. (2016-12-22). The Statesman's Year-Book 1975-76. Springer. ISBN 9780230271043.
  34. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1823 ISBN 9783832956097
  35. ch, Beat Müller, beat (at-sign) sudd (dot). "Staat Vietnam (Südvietnam), 23. Oktober 1955 : Staatsform und Staatsoberhaupt -- [in German]". www.sudd.ch. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  36. "News". www.tuvaluislands.com. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  37. "Trinidad News, Trinidad Newspaper, Trinidad Sports, Trinidad politics, Trinidad and Tobago, Tobago News, Trinidad classifieds, Trinidad TV, Sports, Business". 2009-11-13. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
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