ME2 (gene)

NAD-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ME2 gene.[5][6] This gene encodes a mitochondrial NAD-dependent malic enzyme, a homotetrameric protein, that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate. It had previously been weakly linked to a syndrome known as Friedreich ataxia that has since been shown to be the result of mutation in a completely different gene.[6]

ME2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1DO8, 1EFK, 1EFL, 1GZ3, 1GZ4, 1PJ2, 1PJ3, 1PJ4, 1PJL, 1QR6
Identifiers
Aliases	ME2, ODS1, malic enzyme 2
External IDs	OMIM: 154270 MGI: 2147351 HomoloGene: 37615 GeneCards: ME2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 18 (human)[1] Band 18q21.2 Start 50,879,080 bp[1] End 50,954,257 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] Band 18|18 E2 Start 73,769,903 bp[2] End 73,815,449 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NAD+) activity • electron transfer activity • oxidoreductase activity • NAD binding • oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity • catalytic activity • metal ion binding • malic enzyme activity • malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity Cellular component • mitochondrion • mitochondrial matrix Biological process • regulation of NADP metabolic process • metabolism • oxidation-reduction process • pyruvate metabolic process • malate metabolic process • electron transport chain • tricarboxylic acid cycle Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4200	107029
Ensembl	ENSG00000082212	ENSMUSG00000024556
UniProt	P23368	Q99KE1
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001168335 NM_002396	NM_145494
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001161807 NP_002387	NP_663469
Location (UCSC)	Chr 18: 50.88 – 50.95 Mb	Chr 18: 73.77 – 73.82 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000082212 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024556 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Loeber G, Infante AA, Maurer-Fogy I, Krystek E, Dworkin MB (Mar 1991). "Human NAD(+)-dependent mitochondrial malic enzyme. cDNA cloning, primary structure, and expression in Escherichia coli". J Biol Chem. 266 (5): 3016–21. PMID 1993674.
6. "Entrez Gene: ME2 malic enzyme 2, NAD(+)-dependent, mitochondrial".

Further reading

• Siebert G, Ritter H, Kömpf J (1980). "Mitochondrial malic enzyme (E.C.1.1.1.40) in human leukocytes: formal genetics and population genetics". Hum. Genet. 51 (3): 319–22. doi:10.1007/bf00283401. PMID 511162. S2CID 28855152.
• Saha N, Jeremiah SJ, Povey S (1978). "Further data on mitochondrial malic enzyme in man". Hum. Hered. 28 (6): 421–5. doi:10.1159/000152993. PMID 680703.
• Taroni F, Gellera C, Di Donato S (1988). "Evidence for two distinct mitochondrial malic enzymes in human skeletal muscle: purification and properties of the NAD(P)+-dependent enzyme". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 916 (3): 446–54. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(87)90191-9. PMID 3689803.
• Bukato G, Kochan Z, Swierczyński J (1996). "Different regulatory properties of the cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of malic enzyme isolated from human brain". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 27 (10): 1003–8. doi:10.1016/1357-2725(95)00080-9. PMID 7496989.
• Bukato G, Kochan Z, Swierczyński J (1995). "Purification and properties of cytosolic and mitochondrial malic enzyme isolated from human brain". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 27 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1016/1357-2725(94)00057-3. PMID 7757881.
• Xu Y, Bhargava G, Wu H, et al. (1999). "Crystal structure of human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme: a new class of oxidative decarboxylases". Structure. 7 (8): R877–89. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(99)80115-4. PMID 10477256.
• Yang Z, Floyd DL, Loeber G, Tong L (2000). "Structure of a closed form of human malic enzyme and implications for catalytic mechanism". Nat. Struct. Biol. 7 (3): 251–7. doi:10.1038/73378. PMID 10700286. S2CID 23469024.
• Yang Z, Batra R, Floyd DL, et al. (2000). "Potent and competitive inhibition of malic enzymes by lanthanide ions". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 274 (2): 440–4. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3163. PMID 10913357.
• Butta N, González-Manchón C, Arias-Salgado EG, et al. (2001). "Cloning and functional characterization of the 5' flanking region of the human mitochondrial malic enzyme gene. Regulatory role of Sp1 and AP-2". Eur. J. Biochem. 268 (10): 3017–27. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02194.x. hdl:10261/73615. PMID 11358520.
• Yanaihara N, Kohno T, Takakura S, et al. (2001). "Physical and transcriptional map of a 311-kb segment of chromosome 18q21, a candidate lung tumor suppressor locus". Genomics. 72 (2): 169–79. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6454. PMID 11401430.
• Yang Z, Lanks CW, Tong L (2002). "Molecular mechanism for the regulation of human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme by ATP and fumarate". Structure. 10 (7): 951–60. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00788-8. PMID 12121650.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, et al. (2004). "Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides". Nat. Biotechnol. 21 (5): 566–9. doi:10.1038/nbt810. PMID 12665801. S2CID 23783563.
• Tao X, Yang Z, Tong L (2004). "Crystal structures of substrate complexes of malic enzyme and insights into the catalytic mechanism". Structure. 11 (9): 1141–50. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00168-0. PMID 12962632.
• Navarro-Lérida I, Martínez Moreno M, Roncal F, et al. (2004). "Proteomic identification of brain proteins that interact with dynein light chain LC8". Proteomics. 4 (2): 339–46. doi:10.1002/pmic.200300528. PMID 14760703.
• Greenberg DA, Cayanis E, Strug L, et al. (2005). "Malic enzyme 2 may underlie susceptibility to adolescent-onset idiopathic generalized epilepsy". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 76 (1): 139–46. doi:10.1086/426735. PMC 1196416. PMID 15532013.
• Hung HC, Chien YC, Hsieh JY, et al. (2005). "Functional roles of ATP-binding residues in the catalytic site of human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme". Biochemistry. 44 (38): 12737–45. doi:10.1021/bi050510b. PMID 16171388.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.