Mazhar Khan (actor, born 1905)

Mazhar Khan (1905–1950) was an actor-producer-director in Indian Cinema. He was acknowledged for his strong yet natural performances, best exemplified by his role in V. Shantaram's classic Padosi (1941), wherein Mazhar, a Muslim,[1] enacted the role of an upper-caste Hindu.[2] He started his career as a police officer, which he left to study law for a short period. Abandoning his studies he came to Bombay and started his career in cinema with the silent film Fatal Garland opposite the top actress of the time, Ermeline. He became a popular actor, gaining success in several silent films. During his stint in silent films he worked with well-established directors like Bhagwati Mishra, Ezra Mir, Moti P. Bhagnani, R. S. Chowdhary, and M. D. Bhavnani.[3] The magazines of those days, circa 1940s, compared Mazhar to Hollywood actors like Paul Muni, Bela Lugosi and Boris Karloff.[4]

Mazhar Khan
Mazhar Khan in and as Professor Waman Msc. (1938)
Born
Mazhar Khan

1905
Bareilly British India
Died1950 (aged 4445)
OccupationActor, producer, director
Years active1926–1950

Mazhar Khan made a successful transition to Talkies with the end of the Silent Era. Nurjehan (1931), directed by Ezra Mir, was his first Talkie picture. It received a positive response from the audiences establishing Mazhar as a profitable and dependable actor. He went on to work with the East India Film Company in Calcutta and Sagar Movietone, making films like Sultana, Night Bird, Salima and Sonhera Sansar. He then moved back to Bombay and worked under Ranjit Movietone. Having established himself in the different roles he portrayed, he became renowned for he became renowned for his character depictions while also being respected in the film industry.[5]

He formed his own production company, Asiatic Pictures under the banner of which he first made Yaad (1942) and then Pehli Nazar (1945), the latter film referred to as his best directorial triumph in his obituary. He introduced actress Veena in Yaad and Munawwar Sultana as a lead heroine in Pehli Nazar. His last role was in Usha Kiran.[3]

Early life

Mazhar Khan was born on 18 October 1905,[6] at Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. He did his matriculation from Indore, Madhya Pradesh and then joined the police force in Dhar State. He rose to the rank of a sub-inspector before quitting it. Following his father's wishes he studied law but soon left that to come to Bombay and join films. His tenure with the police had trained him in horse riding and other "athletic abilities", which were to prove helpful to him in his cinematic career.[3]

In an interview (January 1942, Filmindia) Mazhar stated that the glamour of the Indian screen attracted him, with his interest in films growing with each new picture he saw. His desire to act in films drove him to a "frenzy", and he "rushed to Bombay, the Mecca of films".[7] Mazhar's entrance into films was hard, and he had to venture from one studio to another for work. According to Baburao Patel of Filmindia, the late Mr. B. P. Misra (B. P. Mishra) was the first to recognise the "potential box-office attraction" "in the young fugitive". Within a week Mazhar Khan was given a role in Fatal Garland, a "costume phantasy".[5]

Career

Silent films

Mazhar's debut film was Fatal Garland, directed by Bhagwati Prasad Mishra (B. P. Mishra/Bhagwati Mishra) and starring Ermeline, who was called the "queen of silent films". His role as Prince Ghiasudin was appreciated and he was inundated with films.[3] His other films from 1926-1931 during the silent era include Durgesh Nandini (1926), Hoor-E-Baghdad (1928), Vasl Ni Raat, Be Dhaari Talwar (1929), Ram Rahim (1930), Hamara Hindustan (1930), Sinbad the Sailor (1930), Raj Tilak (1931) and Golibar (1931). Durgesh Nandini was directed by Bhagwati Prasad Mishra (B. P. Mishra) for Sudarshan Films and starred Ermeline and Madanrai Vakil. In his initial phase, he acted the villain in stunt films produced in that era. With the trend shifting to "mythological, historical and semi-social", he performed roles that required "a touch of extra realism".[7]

In 1927-28, Mazhar did two films. The one in 1927 for Imperial Film Company was Gamdeni Gori also known as Village Girl. It was directed by Mohan Dayaram Bhavnani (M. D. Bhavnani) and co-starred Sulochana, Madanrai Vakil and Raja Sandow. The film is stated to be a "part of Imperial's calculated and successful effort to manufacture a star image for the actress (Sulochana)".[8] 1928 was Hoor-E-Baghdad directed by Bhagwati Mishra. 1929 had five films starring Mazhar, variously directed by Mishra, Bhavnani and Altekar, with the production company remaining Imperial.

In 1930, he acted in six films five of which were for Imperial and one for Sagar Film Company. Cinema Girl, which was termed a "Modern Girl" social genre,[9] was directed by Bhagwati Mishra for Imperial Film Company and co-starred Prithviraj Kapoor and Ermeline. It "presented a fictionalised biography of its maker".[10] The film also marked the debut of actor Prithviraj Kapoor in a prominent role;[11] his first film being Do Dhaari Talwar directed by Mishra.[2]

1930s

Nurjehan (1931) was his debut Talkie film. It was made by the Imperial Film Company and directed by Ezra Mir. The film starred Vimala, Mubarak, Nayampally and Jilloobai with Mazhar. The music director was Joseph David. The film "established" Mazhar in Talkies. In 1932 he acted with actor-singer K. L. Saigal and Kumar in Subah Ka Sitara produced by New Theatres Ltd., Calcutta, and directed by Premankur Atorthy. Saigal was a new entry in the film industry and had made two film prior to this.[12]

In 1933, Mazhar acted in films produced by East India Film Company: Nala Damayanti was directed by B. H. Rajhans and had Mazhar starring along with Mukhtar Begum, Krishna Chandra Dey, Indubala.[13] Ek Din Ka Badshah also called King For A Day was again directed by Rajhans and had Sabita Devi, Indubala, and Bachan as co-stars. Aurat Ka Pyar a.k.a. A Woman's Love was directed by A. R. Kardar and starred Gul Hamid, Mukhtar Begum, Anwaribai and Bachan. Mushtaq Ahmed composed the music and lyrics were by Agha Hashar Kashmiri, who also scripted the film.[14]

In 1934-1935, Mazhar acted in several films with Chandragupta (1934) a historical directed by A. R. Kardar, becoming a commercial success at the box-office, and Kardar being termed as a "talented film-maker".[15] The film co-starred Nazir in the title role of Chandragupta, along with Sabita Devi and Gul Hamid.[16] The other significant films of 1933 were Sultana, Mumtaz Begum and Night Bird all produced by East India Film Company. His four films in 1935 were Sulagto Sansar a.k.a. Murderer directed by G. R. Sethi, Step Mother a.k.a. Sauteli Ma by S. D. Kerawala, Selima by Modhu Bose and Bidrohi a.k.a. Freedom Fighter by Dhirendranath Ganguly.

1936 had Mazhar Khan enacting a significant role along with Gul Hamid in Baghi Sipahi, an adaptation of Cardinal Richelieu (1935).[17] A costume action drama, it was directed by A. R. Kardar and co-starred Bimla Kumari and Lalita.[18] In 1939, Mazhar was shown as a businessman interested in crossword puzzles in the film Aap Ki Marzi. Directed by Sarvottam Badami, it co-starred Sabita Devi and Motilal. It was based on the Edward Buzzell directed film Paradise for Three (1938) from Erich Kastner's novel.[19]

1940s

In 1940, Mazhar played an important role in Achhut, a film made to "promote Gandhi's movement against untouchability".[20] The cast included Motilal, Gohar Sitara Devi, and Noor Mohammed Charlie. It was produced by Chandulal Shah for his Ranjit Studios. The premiere was attended by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.[21] In Bharosa, Mazhar played the role of a man who leaves his wife (Sardar Akhtar, in the care of his trusted friend (Chandra Mohan) and his wife, when he has to go abroad on work. The resulting consequences form the basis of the story. The film was directed by Sohrab Modi for Minerva Movietone.[22]

In 1941, Mazhar acted in Padosi, directed by V. Shantaram for his Prabhat Film Company. It was made following communal tension at the formation of Muslim League. The film showed friendly relations between the Hindus and the Muslims. To achieve a better coalition, Shantaram had Mazhar Khan, a Muslim, playing the role of a Hindu and Gajanan Jagirdar, a Hindu, play the Muslim character.[1] Mazhar's role as 'Thakur" was claimed to be a difficult one, requiring "understanding of human psychology" and a "lot of attention". He emerged triumphant gaining positive critical acclaim.[5] The film had a positive response from both the critics as well as at the box-office, mainly due to its social and patriotic outlook.[23]

Akela in 1941, was another box-office success, with Mazhar being praised for his strong "emotional role" of a lonely man, and credited for carrying the picture to "success on his shoulders". The film was directed by Pesi Karani for producer Kikubhai Desai and co-starred Bibbo and E. Billimoria.[24]

By January 1942, Mazhar had continuously worked for fourteen years in the film industry and acted in over 112 films.[7] He directed his first film in 1942, called Meri Duniya on Hindu-Muslim unity, for National Artists, Bombay. Mazhar played a Sufi philosopher, with Hari Shivdasani and Kaushalya in lead roles.[25] Mazhar set up his production company, Asiatic Pictures the same year, with the foundation ceremony for its maiden production Yad (Yaad) performed by V. Shantaram.[26] The heroine was new to Hindi\Urdu cinema though she had earlier acted in successful Punjabi films.[27]

Under his new banner Mazhar Art Productions, Mazhar made Badi Baat (1944) and Pehli Nazar in 1945. Pehli Nazar introduced Munawwar Sultana to the Indian film industry. The film was directed by Mazhar, with story, dialogues and lyrics by Safdar "Aah". Singer Mukesh, who made his debut as a playback singer in 1941, in Nirdosh, gained popularity from Pehli Nazar, with the song, "Dil Jalta Hai Toh Jalne De" (Let The Heart Smolder), which became "an instant hit".[28]

Personal life and death

Mazhar Khan with wife and sons, Anwar and Afsar

Mazhar was, interested in sports and was reported to be "a boxer, a polo player, a football champ and an all-round athlete". Five feet, six inches in height, and weighing twelve stones, he was cited to have "an almost feminine grace". He generally played strong characters in films. Sushila Rani Patel stated in her interview with him that "Some of his outstanding performances were given in the following pictures: The Challenge, Madhuri,Nur Jeha, Sonera Sansa, Sultana, Baghi Sepahi and Akela. While in Padosi, as "Thakur" the Hindu neighbour, Mazhar Khan, the Muslim actor, played the role of his lifetime". Mazhar was married to a Hindu lady, who did not convert to Islam after marriage.[6] They had two sons, Anwar and Afsar.[29]

Mazhar respected directors like Ezra Mir, S. F. Hasnain, A. R. Kardar, V. Shantaram, whom he described as a "genius in creative art", and Debaki Bose, who had the "vision of a philosopher".[7]

Mazhar died at the age of 45 years in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India on 24 September 1950. His obituary remarked on his death as "a void left in the film industry at his untimely death", and "With the death of Mazhar Khan goes the power and passion of a histrionic artiste and all the remnants of a versatile character actor".[3]

Filmography

List:[30][31][32]

Silent films

YearFilmDirectorCo-starsProducer
1926Fatal Garland a.k.a. Haiyan No HaarB. P. MishraErmeline, Elizer, JamshedjiImperial Film Company
1926Durgesh NandiniBhagwati Prasad Mishra (B. P. Mishra or Bhagwati Mishra)Ermeline, Madanrai VakilSudarshan Films
1927Gamdeni Gori a.k.a. Village GirlMohan Dayaram Bhavnani (M. D. Bhavnani)Sulochana, W. M. Khan, Madanrai Vakil, Raja SandowImperial Film Company
1928Hoor-E-BaghdadBhagwati MishraErmeline, W. M. KhanImperial Film Company, Saraswati Film Company
1929Vasal Ki Raat a.k.a. Wedding NightParshwanath Yeshwant AltekarAltekar, Jilloobai, Mubarak, NayanpalliImperial Film Company
1929Hawai Sawar a.k.a. Flying PrinceM. D. BhavnaniD. Billimoria, Diana, MayaImperial Film Company
1929Do Dhari Talwar (Be Dhari Talwar) a.k.a. ChallengeBhagwati MishraErmeline, E. Billimoria, Asooji, W. M. KhanImperial Film Company
1929Khwab-E-Hasti a.k.a. Magic FluteM. D. BhavnaniSulochana, D. Billimoria, Diana Belle, Baburao Sansare, GoharImperial Film Company
1929Mewad Nu Moti a.k.a. Jewel Of RajputanaBhagwati MishraSulochana, D. Billimoria, Madanrai VakilImperial Film Company
1930Ram Rahim a.k.a. Ram and RahimK. P. BhaveE. Billimoria, Gohar, W. M. KhanImperial Film Company
1930Bachcha Sakka a.k.a. Joshe Jawani, Romance Of YouthMoti B. GidwaniMaster Vithal, Gohar, Chabdrarao KadamSagar Film Company
1930Hamara Hindustan a.k.a. Father IndiaR. S. Chowdhary (Rama Chowdhary)Sulochana, Jal Merchant, Madanrai Vakil, JilloobaiPatel Brothers, Imperial Film Company
1930Sinbad The Sailor a.k.a. Sinbad KhalasiR. G. TorneyElizer, Wagle, Sushila, JamshetjiImperial Film Company
1930Intaqam a.k.a. RevengeK. P. BhaveSultana, E. Billimoria, Baburao Sansare, W. M. KhanImperial Film Company
1930Cinema GirlBhagwati MishraPrithviraj Kapoor, Ermeline, Baburao SansareImperial Film Company
1931Golibar a.k.a. Avenging AngelsBhagwati MishraPrithviraj Kapoor, Ermeline, RomilaSagar Film Company
1931Kamar-Al-ZamanGazanafar Ali ShahPramila, Manorama, W. M. KhanImperial Film Company
1931Raj TilakMadanrai VakilErmeline, Mehboob Khan, Elizer, GoharImperial Film Company

Talkies

YearFilmDirectorCo-starsProducer
1931Nurjehan a.k.a. Noor JehanEzra MirVimala, Mubarak, NayampallyImperial Film Company
1932Subah Ka SitaraPremankur AtorthyK. L. Saigal, Kumar, RattanbaiNew Theatres Ltd., Calcutta
1933Nala DamyantiB. H. RajhansMukhtar Begum, Krishna Chandra Dey, Indubala, Akhtari Muradabadi, Narmada ShankarEast India Film Company
1933Ek Din Ka Badshah a.k.a. King For A DayB. H. RajhansSabita Devi, Indubala, BachanEast India Film Company
1933Aurat Ka Pyar a.k.a. A Woman's LoveA. R. KardarGul Hamid, Mukhtar Begum, Anwaribai, BachanEast India Film Company
1934Night Bird a.k.a. Nishachar, Raat Ka RajaDhirendranath GangulyGul Hamid, Indubala, Nazir, AnwariEast India Film Company
1934ChandraguptaA. R. KardarGul Hamid, Nazir, Sabita DeviEast India Film Company
1934SultanaA. R. KardarGul Hamid, Indubala, Zarina, Nazir, NawabEast India Film Company
1934Mumtaz BegumAkhtar NawazGul Hamid, Anwari, Bachan, AkhtariEast India Film Company
1935Step Mother a.k.a. Sauteli MaS. D. KerawalaGul Hamid, Sultana, Indubala, RadharaniEast India Film Company
1935Sulagto Sansar a.k.a. MurdererG. R. SethiGul Hamid, Patience Cooper, Indubala, LalitaEast India Film Company
1935SelimaModhu BoseGul Hamid, Madhavi, NandkishoreEast India Film Company
1935Bidrohi a.k.a. Freedom FighterDhirendranath GangulyGul Hamid, Sultana, Indubala, RadharaniEast India Film Company
1936Baghi Sipahi a.k.a. Rebel SoldierA. R. KardarPatience Cooper, Bimla Kumari, Gul HamidEast India Film Company
1936Shaitan Ka Pash a.k.a. Devil's DiceEzra MirKhalil, Jehanara Kajjan, PeerjanMadan Theatres
1936Sunhera Sansar a.k.a. Golden WorldDebaki BoseGul Hamid, Menaka Devi, Azurie, Rampiari, K. N. SinghEast India Film Company
1936Hawai Daku a.k.a. Bandit Of The AirS. R. ChoudharyHashmat, K. N. Singh, Manjari, BachchuModern India Talkies
1937Khudai KhidmatgarVithaldas PanchotiaRampyari, Sarla Devi, KhalilBharat Laxmi
1937MilapA. R. KardarPrithviraj Kapoor, Indira Devi, Rampyari, Yakub, M. EsmailMoti Mahal Theatres
1938Professor Waman MSc.Manibhai VyasE. Billimoria, Sitara Devi, Rajkumari, Waheedan BaiRanjit Movietone
1938Prithvi PutraJayant DesaiE. Billimoria, Waheedan, Ram ApteRanjit Movietone
1938RikshawalaEzra MirNoor Mohammed Charlie, Waheedan, Dixit, Indubala, GhoryRanjit Movietone
1939Meri AnkheinDwarka KhoslaSitara Devi, Khursheed, Ishwarlal, Trilok KapoorSupreme Pictures
1939Gazi SalaudinI. A. HafizjiRattan Bai, Ishwarlal, Ghulam Mohammed, YakubSupreme Pictures
1939Aap Ki Marzi a.k.a. As You WishSarvottam BadamiSabita Devi, Motilal, K. N. SinghSudama Productions
1940Achhut a.k.a. The UntouchableChandulal ShahGohar, Motilal, Vasanti, CharlieRanjit Movietone
1940SuhagBalwant BhattKumar, Bibbo, AshalataCirco
1940Bharosa a.k.a. TrustSohrab ModiChandra Mohan, Maya Devi, Sardar AkhtarMinerva Movietone
1941Mere RajaT. M. ManiE. Billimoria, Bibbo, MotiParamount
1941Akela a.k.a. AlonePesi KaraniE. Billimoria, Bibbo, MotiGreat India Pictures
1941Masoom a.k.a. The InnocentS. F. HasnainRamola, Mehtab, Nazir KashmiriFazli Brothers
1941Padosi a.k.a. NeighboursV. ShantaramGajanan Jagirdar, Balakram, Anees KhatoonPrabhat Film Company
1942Bhakta KabirRameshwar SharmaBharat Bhushan, Mehtab, Padma DeviUnity Productions
1942Raja Rani a.k.a. King And QueenNajam NaqviVanmala, Trilik Kapoor, Sunalini Devi, Maya DeviAtre Pictures
1942Meri Duniya a.k.a. Marvi or Umar MarviMazhar KhanHari Shivdasani, Kaushalya, Ashiq HusainNational Artists
1942Ghar Sansar a.k.a. Married LifeVishnu VyasSardar Akhtar, Nazir, Jehanara KazanSunrise Pictures
1942Nai DuniyaA. R. KardarShobhana Samarth, Jairaj, Hari Shivdasani, WastiCirco
1942UljhanN. R. AcharyaSardar Akhtar, Anjali Devi, Rajkumari ShuklaAcharya Arts
1942YaadMazhar KhanVeena, Shahzadi, Satish, AzurieAsiatic Pictures
1944Bachpan a.k.a. ChildhoodHomi WadiaBaby Madhuri, Chandraprabha, Nandrekar, DixitBasant Pictures
1944Badi BaatMazhar KhanSwarnalata, Ulhas, Kumar, Zarina, YakubMazhar Arts
1944Biswi SadiM. D. BhavnaniMotilal, Nargis, Gope, Bhudo Advani, AshalataBhavnani Productions
1944DraupadiBaburao PatelChandra Mohan, Sushila Rani, David, KanhaiyalalNew Huns Pictures
1944Phool a.k.a. The FlowerK. AsifVeena, Sitara Devi, Suraiya, Prithviraj KapoorFamous Films
1947NaiyaAslam NooriMunawwar Sultana, Ashraf Khan, Shahzadi, SumanMohan Pictures
1948Sona a.k.a. GoldMazhar KhanMunawwar Sultana, Navin Yagnik, Madhuri, DixitMazhar Art Productions
1949Dil Ki DuniyaMazhar KhanMunawwar Sultana, Geeta Bali, Suman, JaswantNoble Art Productions
1950NiralaDevendra MukherjeeDev Anand, Madhubala, Yakub, Mumtaz AliM & T Films
1950Usha KiranJawad HussainGeeta Bali, Nimmi, Lalita PawarTiger Films

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Rare Pictures of Mazhar Khan: https://www.flickr.com/photos/rashid_ashraf/31912669626/

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