Michael Thwaites

Michael Rayner Thwaites, AO (30 May 1915 – 1 November 2005) was an Australian academic, poet, and intelligence officer.

Michael Thwaites
Born(1915-05-30)30 May 1915
Brisbane, Queensland
Died1 November 2005(2005-11-01) (aged 90)
Canberra, ACT
NationalityAustralian
EducationRhodes Scholar
Alma materUniversity of Melbourne
OccupationPoet, naval officer, intelligence analyst
EmployerAustralian Security Intelligence Organisation
Notable work
Truth Will Out: ASIO and the Petrovs
TitleDirector of Counter-Espionage
Assistant Parliamentary Librarian
Parent(s)Robert Ernest, and Jessie Elizabeth, Thwaites
AwardsAO, The Newdigate Prize, King's Gold Medal for Poetry

Early life and education

Thwaites was born in Brisbane, to Yorkshire immigrant Robert Ernest Thwaites who taught at Brisbane Grammar School and Jessie Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Hugh Nelson, a previous premier of Queensland.[1] He was educated at Geelong Grammar School, entering Trinity College at the University of Melbourne from which he graduated in 1937. As a student he came into contact with the Oxford Group (later Moral Rearmament), whose ideas greatly influenced him. He was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford where he won the Newdigate Prize (1938) for poetry and the King's Gold Medal for Poetry (1940). He was the first Australian to win either of these prizes, and is still the only Australian to have won the Newdigate Prize.

Thwaites joined the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve and was an officer in World War II. In 1999 he published Atlantic Odyssey, an account of his war service on anti-submarine escort naval trawlers and an armed whaler.[2] After the war he returned to Oxford to complete his studies, then returned to Australia, becoming a lecturer in English at the University of Melbourne in 1947.

Despite having no background in intelligence work, Thwaites was recruited in 1950 to the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) by its director-general Charles Spry. Unlike the British tradition of university recruitment, in 1950 almost all ASIO staff were from military intelligence and police operational backgrounds, and Spry had been encouraged to recruit senior staff with higher educational credentials. Thwaites proved to be a highly competent intelligence officer and encouraged more analytical recruitment policies. Despite some outside criticism that ASIO staff was an "old boys' club" (perhaps based on the assumption that ASIO was modelled on MI5), military and police backgrounds dominated ASIO staffing into the 1970s and Thwaites eventually resigned believing that the analytical resources were undervalued.[3]

In 1954 Thwaites played a leading role in the defection of the Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov to Australia, which led to the celebrated Petrov Affair. When Petrov first defected it was Thwaites who debriefed him, and he later spent 18 months with Vladimir and Evdokia Petrov at an ASIO "safe house" in Sydney.

Thwaites always insisted that the timing of Petrov's defection was determined by Petrov, and was not orchestrated to coincide with the 1954 federal election, as the Labor Party leader, Dr H. V. Evatt said at the time and as many people in Australia still believe. He also maintained that Petrov was a genuinely important source of intelligence in the Cold War context, revealing the names of about 600 Soviet operatives around the world. Thwaites recorded his part in these events in Truth Will Out: ASIO and the Petrovs.[3] He also ghost-wrote the Petrovs' book Empire of Fear.[4]

Literary life and career

Thwaites left ASIO in 1971 to become Assistant Parliamentary Librarian. This position enabled him to devote more time to poetry, which was always his first love. His best known poems include The Jervis Bay, The Prophetic Hour, and Message to My Grandson. His collected poems spanning 1932 to 2004 were published as Unfinished Journey which won the 2005 ACT Writing and Publishing Awards for poetry. With his wife Honor, he wrote the patriotic hymn For Australia, to a tune by Henry Purcell.

Honours

Thwaites was made an officer of the Order of Australia in 2002. He was an honorary fellow of Trinity College, Melbourne.

References
  1. "The warrior poet turned spycatcher: Michael Thwaites, AO, Poet, Naval Officer, ASIO Director (1915–2005)". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2 December 2005.
  2. Michael Thwaites, 1999, Atlantic Odyssey, Oxford, New Cherwell Press
  3. Michael Thwaites, 1980, Truth Will Out: ASIO and the Petrovs, Sydney, William Collins
  4. Vladimir and Evdokia Petrov, 1956, Empire of Fear, London, Andre Deutsch
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