Mikhail Tikhanov

Mikhail Tikhonovich Tikhanov (Михаил Тихонович Тиханов; 1789–1862) was a Russian artist who accompanied Captain Vasily Golovnin's circumnavigation aboard the frigate Kamchatka.

Kamehameha, King of the Sandwich Islanders, 1818

Biography

Born a serf in 1789, Tikhanov showed artistic talent at the age of seventeen and was sent by his master Prince Galitzine to the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg. Freed in 1815, he worked at the Academy before being recommended by Alexey Olenin for the post of an expeditionary artist for Captain Vasily Golovnin and the expedition of the Kamchatka around the world.[1]

During the voyage from 1817 to 1819, Tikhanov painted at least 43 different pictures of important figures and scenes from Russian North America, Alaska, California and Hawaii. He specialized in human portraits and painted figures including Hawaiian notables King Kamehameha I and High Chief Boki, as well as Russian colonial governor Alexander Andreyevich Baranov.[1][2] Hawaiian scholar David W. Forbes stated his works done in Hawaii were "among the most mysterious, haunting portrayals of Pacific Islanders ever created".[3] His paintings done in Northern California, including one of a man named Balthazar, are the only known depictions of Bodega Bay Coast Miwok.[4]

Illness and death

On the voyage home in 1818, Tikhanov became seriously ill while the Kamchatka was in Manila in the Philippines. Afterward, he started showing signs of mental illness and was placed in a hospital in Saint Petersburg. Despite a brief period where he showed signs of improvement, he relapsed and never recovered his sanity or worked again. He lived off a disability stipend for the rest of his life. From 1824 until his death in 1862, he spent the remainder of his life in the care of a widow of one of his colleagues. Although some of his works were later published by Captain Golovnin in his account of the expedition, most of his works were never published in his lifetime.[1] His works are now in the Museum of the Russian Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg.[4]

Gallery

Balthazar, Inhabitant of Northern California, 1818
Aleut in Festival Dress in Alaska, 1818
Alexandr Andreyevich Baranov, 1818
Boki, Chief of Oahu, and Hekili, Minister of the Navy, 1818
Sitka Island Chief Katlian With His Wife, 1818

References

Barratt, Glynn (1988). Russian View of Honolulu, 1809–1826. Ottawa: Carleton University Press. pp. 320–321. ISBN 978-0-7735-7349-9. OCLC 16712356.
Gibson, James R.; Istomin, Alexei A., eds. (2013). California Through Russian Eyes, 1806–1848. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-8061-5098-7. OCLC 820665631.
Forbes, David W. (1992). Encounters with Paradise: Views of Hawaii and Its People, 1778–1941. Honolulu: Honolulu Academy of Arts. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-7103-0454-4. OCLC 24550242.
Farris, Glenn J. (1998). "The Bodega Miwok as Seen by Mikhail Tikhonovich Tikhanov in 1818". Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology. Banning, CA: Malki Museum. 20 (1): 2–12. JSTOR 27825656.

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[Barratt1988-1] Barratt, Glynn (1988). Russian View of Honolulu, 1809–1826. Ottawa: Carleton University Press. pp. 320–321. ISBN 978-0-7735-7349-9. OCLC 16712356.

[2] Gibson, James R.; Istomin, Alexei A., eds. (2013). California Through Russian Eyes, 1806–1848. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-8061-5098-7. OCLC 820665631.

[Forbes1992-3] Forbes, David W. (1992). Encounters with Paradise: Views of Hawaii and Its People, 1778–1941. Honolulu: Honolulu Academy of Arts. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-7103-0454-4. OCLC 24550242.

[Farris1998-4] Farris, Glenn J. (1998). "The Bodega Miwok as Seen by Mikhail Tikhonovich Tikhanov in 1818". Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology. Banning, CA: Malki Museum. 20 (1): 2–12. JSTOR 27825656.