Nelle Richmond Eberhart

Nelle Richmond Eberhart (August 28, 1871 – November 15, 1944) was an American librettist, poet, and teacher. She is known for her long collaboration with composer Charles Wakefield Cadman; she wrote 200 songs and the librettos for five operas for which he composed the music.

Nelle Richmond Eberhart and Charles Wakefield Cadman, with a cat, from a 1916 publication.

Early life

Eberhart was born Ellen Loretta McCurdy in 1871 in Detroit, Michigan, daughter of John Thomas and Cora Amelia Newton McCurdy.[1] Her mother remarried. At an early age, Nelle was given her stepfather's surname, Richmond. She was raised with her family in Nebraska.

There she taught school as a young woman and had a strong interest in music. In 1894 Richmond married Oscar Eberhart, a physician.[1] They had a daughter together, Constance Richmond Eberhart, who became an opera singer and teacher of voice. She sang as a member of the Chicago Civic Opera and the American Opera Company.[2]

Career

The Eberhart family moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1900 for her husband's work.[3] Beginning in 1902, Eberhart met her young neighbor Charles Wakefield Cadman. When she learned he was studying and writing music, they began to work together. She wrote the words for a hymn and he the music, for their first song.[4]

They began to collaborate - she would write the texts and he the music for songs. She wrote the lyrics for some 200 songs and the librettos for the five operas that they created together.[3] His "Four American Indian Songs Op. 45" (which included "From the Land of Sky-Blue Water") was his first commercial success in 1909, after the noted soprano Nordica performed the song in Cleveland. Their first opera, Da O Ma (1912), set in Sioux culture, was never produced. But their second opera Shanewis, or The Robin Woman (1918) was premiered by the Metropolitan Opera in New York City and performed there for a second, succeeding season. Eberhart was the first woman librettist to have her work performed by that company. The opera was taken on tour, being produced in Denver in 1924 and Los Angeles in 1926.

Eberhart wrote the libretto for Garden of Mystery, music by Cadman, which was performed in 1925 at Carnegie Hall in New York.[3] Later, she wrote The Willow Tree (1932, music by Cadman), one of the first operas commissioned for radio, certainly the first for American radio.[5]

In addition to her emphasis on Native American themes, Eberhart also showed interest in Asian and Pacific Island themes, writing lyrics for "Sayonara: A Japanese Romance for One or Two Voices, op. 49," and "Idyls of the South Seas" (music by Cadman). Her interest in historical drama inspired their A Witch of Salem: An American Opera [1926], music by Cadman.

She also wrote several Christian hymns ("The Dawn of Peace Resplendent Breaks," "Give Praise," "O Come and Adore Him"),[6] and general sentimental songs ("I Hear a Thrush at Eve," "Lilacs," "Memories," "The Moon Behind the Cottonwood").[7][8]

Eberhart also published poetry in literary reviews and general interest publications, such as Granite Monthly and Munsey's Magazine.[9][10]

Personal life

The Eberhart couple left Pittsburgh in 1917, living next in New York and then Chicago. In 1941 they moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where they lived the rest of their lives.[3]

Oscar's nephew, Alanson Eberhart, was married to Mignon G. Eberhart, a prolific mystery writer. Mignon dedicated her seventh novel (The White Cockatoo, 1933) to Nelle Richmond Eberhart and her collaborator, composer Charles Wakefield Cadman.[11]

Nelle Richmond Eberhart died in 1944, in Kansas City, Missouri.[12][3][13]

References
  1. "Nelle Richmond Eberhart" entry, Durward Howes, American Women (R. Blank Company, 1935): p. 258.
  2. Alouine Goodjohn Wu, Constance Eberhart: A Musical Career in the Age of Cadman (National Opera Association, 1983).
  3. "Mrs. Eberhart Dies at Home in Missouri: Writer of Lyrics Was Ex-Pittsburgher," Pittsburgh Press (November 16, 1944): p, 8.
  4. Mabel Ansley Murphy, "From Railroad Clerk to Grand Opera Composer", The American Magazine Vol. 89, Crowell-Collier Publishing Company, 1920, pp. 69-70
  5. Finding Aid, Nelle Richmond Eberhart Papers, 1894-1943, New York Public Library.
  6. Virginia L. Grattan, American Women Songwriters: A Biographical Dictionary (Greenwood Press 1993)
  7. Judith Elaine Carman, William K. Gaeddert, and Rita M. Resch, eds., Art Song in the United States, 1759-1999: An Annotated Bibliography (Scarecrow Press 2001): p. 64.
  8. Victoria Etnier Villamil, A Singer's Guide to the American Art Song: 1870-1980 (Scarecrow Press 2004): p. 76.
  9. Nelle Richmond Eberhardt[sic], "Blanchette," Granite Monthly: A New Hampshire Magazine 24(1898): 36.
  10. Nelle Richmond Eberhart, "The Way of the World," Munsey's Magazine, 68(1919): p. 716.
  11. Rick Cypert, America's Agatha Christie: Mignon Good Eberhart, Her Life and Works (Susquehanna University Press 2005): pp. 38-39.
  12. "Nelle Eberhart, A Noted Lyricist; Collaborator of Charles W. Cadman is Dead--Wrote First Opera for Radio," New York Times (November 16, 1944): p. 23.
  13. Writer of Song Lyrics, Mrs. Eberhart, is Dead," Milwaukee Journal (November 16, 1944): p. 12.
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