Neuropilin 2

Neuropilin 2 (NRP2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRP2 gene.[5][6]

NRP2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2QQJ, 2QQK, 2QQL, 2QQO, 4QDQ, 4QDR, 4QDS, 5DN2
Identifiers
Aliases	NRP2, NP2, NPN2, PRO2714, VEGF165R2, neuropilin 2
External IDs	OMIM: 602070 MGI: 1100492 HomoloGene: 2875 GeneCards: NRP2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2q33.3 Start 205,681,990 bp[1] End 205,798,133 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1|1 C2 Start 62,703,285 bp[2] End 62,818,695 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity • heparin binding • semaphorin receptor activity • growth factor binding • metal ion binding • cytokine binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • identical protein binding • signaling receptor activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • membrane • cell membrane • semaphorin receptor complex • extracellular region • axon • glutamatergic synapse • integral component of postsynaptic membrane Biological process • sympathetic ganglion development • cell differentiation • semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in neuron projection guidance • positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation • vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway • nervous system development • axon guidance • positive regulation of endothelial cell migration • multicellular organism development • sympathetic neuron projection guidance • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway • cell adhesion • angiogenesis • nerve development • sympathetic neuron projection extension • axon extension involved in axon guidance • outflow tract septum morphogenesis • neural crest cell migration • neuron migration • heart development • facial nerve structural organization • vestibulocochlear nerve structural organization • gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal migration to the hypothalamus • ventral trunk neural crest cell migration • negative chemotaxis • trigeminal ganglion development • sensory neuron axon guidance • neural crest cell migration involved in autonomic nervous system development • facioacoustic ganglion development • dorsal root ganglion morphogenesis • cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor • regulation of postsynapse organization • GO:0022415 viral process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8828	18187
Ensembl	ENSG00000118257	ENSMUSG00000025969
UniProt	O60462	O35375
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003872 NM_018534 NM_201264 NM_201266 NM_201267 NM_201279	NM_001077403 NM_001077404 NM_001077405 NM_001077406 NM_001077407 NM_010939
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003863 NP_061004 NP_957716 NP_957718 NP_957719 NP_958436	NP_001070871 NP_001070872 NP_001070873 NP_001070874 NP_001070875 NP_035069
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 205.68 – 205.8 Mb	Chr 1: 62.7 – 62.82 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the neuropilin family of receptor proteins. NRP2 is expressed by a wide variety of cell types. The transmembrane protein has been reported to bind to SEMA3C, SEMA3F, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, TGFβ, integrins and ANGPTL4 to promote downstream signaling pathways. Consequently, NRP2 is known to play a role in cardiovascular development, axon guidance, tumorigenesis, inflammation and cardiovascular disease.[7][8][9][10] Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.[11]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000118257 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025969 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Soker S, Takashima S, Miao HQ, Neufeld G, Klagsbrun M (March 1998). "Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor". Cell. 92 (6): 735–45. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81402-6. PMID 9529250. S2CID 547080.
6. Chen H, Chédotal A, He Z, Goodman CS, Tessier-Lavigne M (September 1997). "Neuropilin-2, a novel member of the neuropilin family, is a high affinity receptor for the semaphorins Sema E and Sema IV but not Sema III". Neuron. 19 (3): 547–59. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80371-2. PMID 9331348. S2CID 17985062.
7. Harman JL, Sayers J, Chapman C, Pellet-Many C (2020-07-21). "Emerging Roles for Neuropilin-2 in Cardiovascular Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21 (14): 5154. doi:10.3390/ijms21145154. PMC 7404143. PMID 32708258.
8. Kofler N, Simons M (May 2016). "The expanding role of neuropilin: regulation of transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factor signaling in the vasculature". Current Opinion in Hematology. 23 (3): 260–7. doi:10.1097/MOH.0000000000000233. PMC 4957701. PMID 26849476.
9. Peng K, Bai Y, Zhu Q, Hu B, Xu Y (February 2019). "Targeting VEGF-neuropilin interactions: a promising antitumor strategy". Drug Discovery Today. 24 (2): 656–664. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.004. PMID 30315890.
10. Kitsukawa T, Shimizu M, Sanbo M, Hirata T, Taniguchi M, Bekku Y, Yagi T, Fujisawa H (November 1997). "Neuropilin-semaphorin III/D-mediated chemorepulsive signals play a crucial role in peripheral nerve projection in mice". Neuron. 19 (5): 995–1005. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80392-x. PMID 9390514. S2CID 17769318.
11. "Entrez Gene: NRP2 neuropilin 2".

Further reading

• Neufeld G, Cohen T, Gengrinovitch S, Poltorak Z (January 1999). "Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors". FASEB Journal. 13 (1): 9–22. doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.1.9. PMID 9872925. S2CID 1151216.
• Kolodkin AL, Levengood DV, Rowe EG, Tai YT, Giger RJ, Ginty DD (August 1997). "Neuropilin is a semaphorin III receptor". Cell. 90 (4): 753–62. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80535-8. PMID 9288754. S2CID 17268123.
• Giger RJ, Urquhart ER, Gillespie SK, Levengood DV, Ginty DD, Kolodkin AL (November 1998). "Neuropilin-2 is a receptor for semaphorin IV: insight into the structural basis of receptor function and specificity". Neuron. 21 (5): 1079–92. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80625-X. PMID 9856463. S2CID 18445456.
• Chen H, He Z, Bagri A, Tessier-Lavigne M (December 1998). "Semaphorin-neuropilin interactions underlying sympathetic axon responses to class III semaphorins". Neuron. 21 (6): 1283–90. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80648-0. PMID 9883722.
• Takahashi T, Nakamura F, Jin Z, Kalb RG, Strittmatter SM (October 1998). "Semaphorins A and E act as antagonists of neuropilin-1 and agonists of neuropilin-2 receptors". Nature Neuroscience. 1 (6): 487–93. doi:10.1038/2203. PMID 10196546. S2CID 38320889.
• Rossignol M, Beggs AH, Pierce EA, Klagsbrun M (May 1999). "Human neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 map to 10p12 and 2q34, respectively". Genomics. 57 (3): 459–60. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5790. PMID 10329017.
• Tamagnone L, Artigiani S, Chen H, He Z, Ming GI, Song H, et al. (October 1999). "Plexins are a large family of receptors for transmembrane, secreted, and GPI-anchored semaphorins in vertebrates". Cell. 99 (1): 71–80. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80063-X. PMID 10520995. S2CID 17386412.
• Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Herzog Y, Neufeld G (June 2000). "Neuropilin-2 is a receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) forms VEGF-145 and VEGF-165 [corrected]". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (24): 18040–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M909259199. PMID 10748121.
• Handa A, Tokunaga T, Tsuchida T, Lee YH, Kijima H, Yamazaki H, et al. (August 2000). "Neuropilin-2 expression affects the increased vascularization and is a prognostic factor in osteosarcoma". International Journal of Oncology. 17 (2): 291–5. doi:10.3892/ijo.17.2.291. PMID 10891538.
• Rossignol M, Gagnon ML, Klagsbrun M (December 2000). "Genomic organization of human neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 genes: identification and distribution of splice variants and soluble isoforms". Genomics. 70 (2): 211–22. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6381. PMID 11112349.
• Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Shibuya M, Neufeld G (June 2001). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and neuropilin-2 form complexes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (22): 18688–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006909200. PMID 11278319.
• Cohen T, Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Brodzky A, Meytal V, Sabo E, Misselevich I, et al. (June 2001). "Neuroendocrine cells along the digestive tract express neuropilin-2". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 284 (2): 395–403. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4958. PMID 11394892.
• Herzog Y, Kalcheim C, Kahane N, Reshef R, Neufeld G (November 2001). "Differential expression of neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 in arteries and veins". Mechanisms of Development. 109 (1): 115–9. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(01)00518-4. PMID 11677062. S2CID 18341197.
• Oh H, Takagi H, Otani A, Koyama S, Kemmochi S, Uemura A, Honda Y (January 2002). "Selective induction of neuropilin-1 by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): a mechanism contributing to VEGF-induced angiogenesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (1): 383–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.012074399. PMC 117569. PMID 11756651.
• Fakhari M, Pullirsch D, Abraham D, Paya K, Hofbauer R, Holzfeind P, et al. (January 2002). "Selective upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors neuropilin-1 and -2 in human neuroblastoma". Cancer. 94 (1): 258–63. doi:10.1002/cncr.10177. PMID 11815985. S2CID 45773136.
• Cohen T, Herzog Y, Brodzky A, Greenson JK, Eldar S, Gluzman-Poltorak Z, et al. (September 2002). "Neuropilin-2 is a novel marker expressed in pancreatic islet cells and endocrine pancreatic tumours". The Journal of Pathology. 198 (1): 77–82. doi:10.1002/path.1179. PMID 12210066. S2CID 24579823.
• Kawakami T, Tokunaga T, Hatanaka H, Kijima H, Yamazaki H, Abe Y, et al. (November 2002). "Neuropilin 1 and neuropilin 2 co-expression is significantly correlated with increased vascularity and poor prognosis in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma". Cancer. 95 (10): 2196–201. doi:10.1002/cncr.10936. PMID 12412174. S2CID 28744286.