Nidhiry Mani Kathanar

Mar Emmanuel Nidhiri (1842–1904) was a significant figure in the history of the Syrian Malabar Nasrani church in Kerala. He led the community against the European hegemony over the Saint Thomas Christians. He was the undisputed leader acceptable to the factions in Kerala church. He was the second Vicar General of Syro-Malabar Catholic Church.

Mar

Emmanuel Nidhiri
Vicar-General of Syro Malabar Catholic Church
ChurchSyro Malabar Catholic Church
PredecessorKuriakose Elias Chavara
SuccessorAloysius Pazheparambil
Personal details
Birth nameEmmanuel
Born(1842-05-27)27 May 1842
Kuravilangad, British India
Died20 June 1904(1904-06-20) (aged 62)
Kuravilangad, British India
BuriedMarth Mariam Church, Kuravilangadu[1]
NationalityIndian

He founded Nazranee Deepika, which was the forerunner of today's Deepika newspaper, and was instrumental in the founding of another newspaper, the Malayala Manorama. He had a role in organising the Malayali Memorial — one of the first steps in the social transformation of Kerala — and a key figure in the opening up of his community to English education.

In 1969, as a tribute to his contribution to Malayalam literature, the Kerala Literary Academy unveiled his portrait in the Academy Hall at Trichur.

Life

Born into a rich agrarian family on 27 May 1842 at Kuravilangad, Kathanar entered spiritual service at the age of 19 as a deacon. He continued as deacon for 14 years before he was ordained priest in 1876. He was lived in a delicate period of the history of Syro-Malabar Church; it was subdued to the Latin hierarchy and was struggling to become a Major Archiepiscopal Church. During this time, the whole nation of India was revolting against British administration for independence. Therefore, Emmanuel Nidhiri had to confront and respond to the freedom struggles of the community against British dynasty and its ecclesial desire to become an autonomous church[2]

Kathanar died on 20 June 1904 due to unknown reasons.

Contributions
  • Education : Kathanar was one of the key figure in the opening up English education in Kerala. He played an instrumental role in opening English education to the Syriac Catholic community. He advised Catholic parishes to sell their crucifixes made of gold and silver and to invest the amount in starting schools.[3]
  • Media : Kathanar was the founder-editor of the first Malayalam daily, Deepika. He was instrumental in the founding of another newspaper, the Malayala Manorama.
  • Social Reforms : He was the moving spirit behind the Malayali Memorial of 1891. Thos was one of the first steps in the social transformation of Kerala. Following the formation of the Travancore Legislative Council in 1888, the Malayali Memorial, a memorandum bearing the signatures of over 10,000 people, including a sprinkling of Ezhavas, Christians, and Muslims was submitted to the Maharaja, Moolam Thirunal. This was as a result of the emergence of a Tamil Brahmin monopoly of policy positions in government and the subsequent decline of the caste groups from within Kerala.
  • Poet and Writer : He wrote number of poems and authored three Malayalam books.[4]
  • Ecumenicalism : The ecumenical association, Nazrani Jathiaikya Sangham organized by Nidhiry Mani Kathanar and Mar Dionysius, the Jacobite Syrian Christian ChurchMetropolitan was one of the important happenings in Syrian Christians history. They acquired property at Kottayam for building a college in ca 1875. They planned for opening jointly colleges, schools, orphanages, library, bank etc. The project got aborted by the diplomatic approach of Carmelite apostolic delegate Aiuti who was afraid of unity among the Syrian Christians. It was the leadership of Nidhiry that fostered a unity among Syriac Catholics with in and with Jacobites.
  • Apologist of faith : He led the community in its fight against the European hegemony over the Nasrani Christians. It was with the fight of Syriac Catholic under the leadership of Kathanar that freed them from Padroado jurisdiction paving the way for indigenous Bishops.
  • Historian :He has also authored number of church history books and was in the forefront in upholding the Chaldean patrimony of the Syro Malabar Church.

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 April 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. J. KACHIRAMATTOM, Christians and National Associations (ക്രൈസ്തവരും ദേശീയപ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങളും), Kachiramattom Foundation, Pala-Kerala 2006(Malayalam language).
  3. Bhalla, Alok; Bumke, Peter J. (1992). Images of rural India in the 20th century. Sterling Publishers. ISBN 9788120714205.
  4. George, K. M. (1972). Western Influence on Malayalam Language and Literature. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 9788126004133.

Further reading
  • Nidhiry, Abraham M. (1971). Father Nidhiry, 1842-1904: A History of His Times. George John Nidhiry.
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