Nord 2.821 to 2.911 and 2.201 to 2.212

The Nord 2.821 to 2.911 and 2.201 to 2.212, also referred to as Outrances, was a series of French 2-4-0 and 4-4-0 express passenger locomotives of the Chemins de Fer du Nord.

Nord 2.821 to 2.911 and 2.201 to 2.212
Nord 120 2.834 - 2.860
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
Build date1870–1885
Total produced103
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte
 • UIC
  • 2.821–2.860: 1B n2
  • 2.861–2.911: 2'B n2
  • 2.201–2.212: 1'B n2
  • all converted to 2'B n2
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.2,100 mm (6 ft 10 5⁄8 in)
Wheelbase
  • 2-4-0: 5.50 m (18 ft 1⁄2 in)
  • 4-4-0: 6.32 m (20 ft 8 3⁄4 in)
Length
  • 2.821–2.832: 8.46 m (27 ft 9 in)
  • 2.833–2.860: 8.642 m (28 ft 4 1⁄4 in)
  • 2.861–2.911: 9.31 m (30 ft 6 1⁄2 in)
Fuel typeCoal
CylindersTwo, inside
Cylinder size432 mm × 610 mm (17 in × 24 in)
Valve gearStephenson
Career
OperatorsChemins de Fer du Nord
NumbersNord: 2.821 – 2.911, 2.201 – 2.212
NicknamesOutrance

Construction history

The first series, Nord 2.821–2.832, designed by L. Beugniot as 2-4-0 locomotives, was built by André Koechlin & Cie in Mulhouse in 1870–1871.[1] The locomotive had a double frame with two driving axles and a leading axle which had a clearance of 10 mm (0.39 in) on each side.[2] The firebox had an arced top and sat between the two driving axles. The tubes had a length of 3.17 m (10.4 ft) and the boiler barrel consisted of two boiler shells, with a boiler pressure of 8.5 kg/cm2 (0.834 MPa; 121 psi). The dome was placed centrally on top of the firebox and a Crampton-type steam regulator was placed on the extreme front of the first boiler shell. The cylinders were installed horizontally without inclination inside of the frame and had a Stephenson valve gear. The two-axle tender used had a capacity of 8 m3 (280 cu ft) water and 3 t (6,610 lb) coal and weighed a total of 21.6 t (47,600 lb).

In 1873 Édouard Delebecque modified the design. A Belpaire firebox which extended over the rear driving axle was installed.[1] The tubes were lengthened to 3.55 m (11.6 ft) and the dome was moved slightly forward to the front on top of the firebox. A single machine, the Nord 2.833, was built in 1873.[3]

From 1875 to 1877 the next series, Nord 2.834–2.860, was built by the Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (SACM) at Mulhouse with only minor differences.[1] The dome was moved forward to the rear end of the second boiler shell, just in front of the firebox.[3] Also a three-axle tender of 14 m3 (490 cu ft) water and 4 t (8,820 lb) coal, weighing 33 t (72,800 lb), was used.

In the following series, Nord 2.861–2.911, which was built in 1877–1879, the leading axle was replaced by a 2-axle bogie pivoting around a fixed point in the frame.[1][3] Also the boiler pressure was increased to 10 kg/cm2 (0.981 MPa; 142 psi).

The last series was built int the years 1884 to 1885 and comprised the twelve locomotives Nord 2.201–2.212, which had a leading radial axle instead of the 2-axle bogie.[1]

Over time various modifications were done on the machines. All machines with a single leading axle received leading 2-axle bogies with lateral movement, the Nord 2.821–2.833 in 1890–1892, the Nord 2.834–2.860 in 1894–1898 and the Nord 2.201–2.212 in 1891–1892.[1] Additionally a Belpaire firebox was installed on most of the Nord 2.821–2.832 series, a spherical dome was mounted on top of the boiler barrel, and the boiler pressure was increased to 10–11 kg/cm2 (0.981–1.08 MPa; 142–156 psi).

In 1885–1890 the locomotives of the series Nord 2.833–2.860 also had their boiler pressure increased to 8.5–10 kg/cm2 (0.834–0.981 MPa; 121–142 psi) and Nord 2.847, 2.850 and 2.851 to 11 kg/cm2 (1.08 MPa; 156 psi).[1] Some of the machines, called Outrances renforcées, also received cylinders with an increased size of 460 mm × 610 mm (18 1⁄8 in × 24 in).[1]

References
  1. Vilain (1977), pp. 58–64, 126.
  2. Demoulin (1898), pp. 64–66.
  3. Deghilage (1879), pp. 101–104.

Bibliography
  • Vilain, Lucien-Maurice (1977). Dix décennies de locomotives sur le réseau du Nord : 1845-1948 (in French). Editions Picador. ISBN 2-902653-01-8.
  • Demoulin, Maurice (1898). Traité pratique de la machine locomotive (in French). 1. Baudry et Cie.
  • Deghilage (2 August 1879). "Locomotives a grande vitesse de l'Exposition Universelle de 1878". Revue générale des chemins de fer (in French). Paris: P. Vicq-Dunod. 2, 2e Semestre: 81–108. OCLC 6536095.
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