Norman A. Ough
Norman Arthur Ough (10 November 1898 – 3 August 1965) was a marine model maker whose models of Royal Navy warships are regarded as among the very finest of warship models.
Family and early life
Ough was born in Leytonstone, London. His father, Arthur Ough (1863–1946), was an architect, surveyor and civil engineer.[1] At the age of two Ough accompanied his parents to Hong Kong,[2] where his father was employed as an architect for the University of Hong Kong and the Kowloon-Canton Railway, remaining there for four years.[3] He was educated at Highfield School, Liphook, Hampshire[4] and Bootham School in York.[3]
Later life
From the mid-1930s Ough lived in a flat at 98 Charing Cross Road, London. He never married and there is much anecdotal evidence that he lived a frugal, even impoverished,[5] lifestyle in which model-making was a totally absorbing pursuit even to the extent of twice being hospitalised for failing to eat adequately due to concentration on his work.[6]
Models
Many of Ough's models are on display or held in store in museums including the Imperial War Museum, the National Maritime Museum and the Royal United Services Museum. One of his earlier models was of the battleship HMS Queen Elizabeth, which he made for Lord Howe, who presented it to Earl Beatty. There followed commissions for his models from many museums. At one time he was employed by Earl Mountbatten to make models of ships on which he had served, who remarked in a reply dated 20 July 1979 to a letter received from a visitor to his Broadlands estate "How interesting that the great model maker, Norman Ough, was a cousin of yours... I was told by the maker of the model of HMS Hampshire, also on display, that other model makers considered Norman Ough, the greatest master of his craft of this century."[3]
| Models held by National Maritime Museum | |
|---|---|
| Ship | Identification |
| Service Cutter (1:96 scale)† | Ref. No. SLR1819 |
| HMS Queen Elizabeth (battleship)† | Ref. No. SLR1414 |
| HMS Illustrious (aircraft carrier)† | Ref. No. SLR1544 |
| HMS Warwick (destroyer)† | Ref. No. SLR1446 |
| HMS Cygnet (destroyer)† | Ref. No. SLR1500 |
| HMS Daring (destroyer)† | Ref. No. SLR1504 |
| HMS Barfleur (destroyer)† | Ref. No. SLR1576 |
| Models held by Imperial War Museum | |
| HMS Revenge (battleship)† | Cat. No. MOD123 |
| HMS Osiris (submarine) | Cat. No. MOD833 |
| HMS Dartmoor (minesweeper)† | Cat. No. MOD840 |
| HMS London (cruiser) | Cat. No. MOD563 |
| HMS Dorsetshire (cruiser)† (depicted in No. 14 Dry Dock, Portsmouth) | Cat. No. MOD269 |
| HMS Lion (battlecruiser) | Cat. No. MOD143 |
| HMS Iron Duke (battleship) | Cat. No. MOD127 |
| HMS Vindictive (cruiser) | Cat. No. MOD352 |
| HMS Hawkins (cruiser) | Cat. No. MOD1637 |
| HMS Penelope (cruiser) | Cat. No. MOD153 |
| Jutland Fleet: 151 models depicting the composition of the British Grand Fleet at the Battle of Jutland in 1916, on 4 panels each 80 x 13 inches | Cat. No. MOD242 |
| Model held by Fleet Air Arm Museum, RNAS Yeovilton | |
| HMS Glorious[7] (aircraft carrier) (originally made for the RUS Museum) | |
| Model held by Plymouth City Museum | |
| HMS Hood (battlecruiser) | |
| Models in private collections | |
| HMS Repulse (battlecruiser) | |
| HMS Nestor (destroyer) | |
†As at September 2017, these models were located at the collections and research facility at No. 1 Smithery, Chatham Historic Dockyard.
In an article written for an edition of the magazine Model Maker about his model of HMS Dorsetshire in No. 14 Dry Dock, Portsmouth, which is widely regarded as among his very best, Ough writes about the benefit of his early training as an artist in achieving the model's realism:
It was here that the writer's training as a figure and landscape artist helped, for in a work of this kind, which is in the context of art as well as craft, the control of tone in the colour is critical, any very positive colour being 'off key'.
Plans
In preparation for his models, Ough drew meticulous plans of the ships, their weapons, fittings and boats, many of which are regarded as the most authoritative drawings of their subjects in existence. For years these plans were marketed through the David MacGregor Plans Service and after Ough's death in 1965 his plans became the sole property of David MacGregor. On MacGregor's death in 2003 the combined collection was bequeathed to the SS Great Britain Trust.[8]
Film Industry work
Ough was commissioned to construct models for effects in several films including Convoy (1940), Sailors Three (1940), Spare a Copper (1940), Ships with Wings (1941), The Big Blockade (1942), San Demetrio (1943) and Scott of the Antarctic (1948).
References
- England Census, Leyton, Essex, 1901, p. 1621
- UK Outward Passenger Lists 1890–1960, Kumano Maru, 2 October 1901
- Roach, Alistair (September 2015), "Norman A. Ough (1898–1965)", Model Boats, p. 20
- England Census, Bramshot, Hampshire, 1911, p. 6180
- England & Wales National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations) (1858–1966), 4 October 1965
- Hobbs, David (14 October 2014), Warships of the Great War Era: A History in Ship Models, Seaforth Publishing, p. 24
- "Norman Ough's HMS Glorious". finewaterline.com.
- "David MacGregor Ship Plan Collection 2013" (PDF). ssgreatbritain.org.
- "Warship Modelling Articles". Small Warship Special Interest Group.
- Roach, Alistair (2016). The Life and Ship Models of Norman Ough. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1591146179.
- ”Norman Ough ship models” on YouTube