Nunavut Public Library Services

Nunavut Public Library Services (NPLS) is the public library system serving the citizens of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. The libraries which comprise Nunavut Public Library Services exist in three communities: Qikiqtani, Kivalliq, and Kitikmeot.

Nunavut Public Library Services
TypePublic Library Services in Qikiqtani, Kivalliq, and Kitikmeot in Nunavut
Branches10
Collection
Items collectedbooks, e-books, music, cds, periodicals, maps, genealogical archives, business directories, local history,
WebsiteNunavut Public Library Services website

Services
  • Information and reference services
  • Access to full text databases
  • Community information
  • Internet access
  • Reader's advisory services
  • Programs for children, youth and adults

Collection

The libraries which comprise the Nunavut Public Library Services offer traditional print materials such as books and periodicals, as well as computer-based electronic resources, educational and commercially-produced films DVD, and sound recordings.

As many public libraries do, NPLS has its catalog records created out-of-house. Their catalog records are created in MARC (Machine Readable Cataloging) by the Library Services Centre of Kitchener, Ontario. (http://www.lsc.on.ca/). Once the items arrive at the headquarters in Baker Lake, their catalog records are imported into the online catalog, and mailed to the libraries for circulation. .[1]

The collection of the Nunavut Public Library Services is available to search online at: https://catalogue.publiclibraries.nu.ca/. Searches can choose from basic keyword searching to advanced searches.

Community services and programming

The Nunavut Public Library Services serves its community by providing traditional and innovative information services. The libraries lend resources, create community programming, offering periodical resources, and hosting educational programs.

An example of community-based programming is the “After-School Homework Club” at May Hakongak Community Library (https://web.archive.org/web/20061012134635/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/exhibits.htm) in Cambridge Bay.[2] Run entirely by volunteers, the Club offers children the opportunity to work on school and art projects guided by high school students. The program began as a response to the community's need for affordable after school care. However, according to one study, this program has become much more: it not only improves literacy rates among Inuit youth, it extends the tradition of Ilippallianginnarniq, the Inuit approach to intergenerational learning.[3]

The commitment to traditional communication techniques is also seen in the library's creation of the May Hakongak Community Library Reading Tent. The tent, painted by local artists and volunteers, was to serve as a site similar to those elders would recognize as a gathering place. The tent is used to promote storytelling and reading, and is also used during community events.[4]

The May Hakongak branch also facilitated the creation of an oral history center where visitors can listen to community members recount their experiences. The interviews were conducted, transcribed, edited and translated by community members of all ages, making this an intergenerational project. Once the project was finished, and the center created, the library saw its circulation rate rise from an average of 300 borrowed resources per month to over 1000. Some of these interviews, available in Inuinnaqtun and in English translation, are stored as mp3’s, and are accessible over the internet via the Library’s website: https://web.archive.org/web/20070812171533/http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/exhibits/elders.htm.[5]

The Iqaluit Centennial Library offers a variety of programs that focus on literacy. Working with groups such as the Nunavut Literacy Council and the City of Iqaluit, the library offers a summer camp for reading, and a story time event. The Library encourages public service by offering high school students the chance to earn graduation credits in exchange for library work.[6]

The Donald Suluk Library frequently serves as a resource to students in its community. One recent example is the support it provided to students at Levi Angmak Iliniarvialaaq Elementary School, assisting with a unique student-created website. The Arviat Iglu Web Site (https://web.archive.org/web/20070205044858/http://collections.ic.gc.ca/arviat/enghome.html) features igloo-building demonstrations and a collection of elder oral history interviews conducted by the students. The project incorporated many priorities of the community: in addition to emphasizing and honoring traditional skills, the children were also learning how to work with new technologies.[7]

Many of the Nunavut Public Services Libraries serve as Community Access Program (CAP) sites. The CAP program, funded by the Territorial government, aims to provide Canadians with free access to the internet. In addition to providing the computers, libraries assist patrons with learning the skills for navigating the web, and retrieving good information from it. This program is particularly important for ensuring that adults in the communities can continue to engage in lifelong learning. There is evidence that by bringing the computers into libraries, other resources are accessed; in 2001, the Iqaluit Centennial library noted that an increase in patrons for the computers increased the circulation numbers as well.[8]

Funding

The Nunavut Public Library Services receives its primary funding from the Department of Culture and Heritage, but it also has created relationships with a number of private and public organizations, who fund important projects.

Branches

The libraries which comprise Nunavut Public Library Services exist in three communities: Qikiqtani, Kivalliq, and Kitikmeot.

Qikiqtani

  • Clyde River Community Library in Clyde River, NU
  • Iqaluit Centennial Library in Iqaluit, NU
  • Qimiruvik Library in Pangnirtung, NU
  • Rebecca P. Idlout Library in Pond Inlet, NU

Kivalliq

  • Donald Suluk Library in Arviat, NU
  • John Ayaruaq Library in Rankin Inlet, NU

Kitikmeot

  • May Hakongak Community Library in Cambridge Bay, NU
  • Kugluktuk Community Library in Kugluktuk, NU

Administrative structure and history

Nunavut was established as a Canadian territory in 1999 when it separated from the Northwest Territories (NWT). The Nunavut Public Library Services operate as part of the Division of Heritage in the Nunavut Department of Culture and Heritage.

In May 2006, the NPLS opened its new headquarters in the Kivalliq region community of Baker Lake.[9]

Community profile

Nunavut is the largest and newest Canadian territory; Nunavut means “Our Land” in the Inuit language, Inuktitut. The Inuit make up 4/5 of the population of Nunavut; the rest of the citizens are of European descent.[10]

Of the 32,227,000 inhabitants which comprise the communities of Canada, only 29,600 live in the territory of Nunavut; this population is spread over the territory’s 808,185 square miles (2,093,190 square kilometers, or 1/5 of the country).[11] The land and its location are a factor in Nunavut’s low population density; in fact, Nunavut is one of the least populated areas on earth.[12] The area comprises two parts: a mainland in the Canadian Shield and the islands in the Arctic Archipelago; the majority of the land lies within the Arctic Circle, above 66°30’ north latitude, with the northernmost being Grise Fiord at 78°.[13]

With snow and ice covering much of the area throughout the year, there is no farming, and the construction of railways and highways to connect the cities and settlements is impossible. Major supplies, including food and fuel, are brought in by air or sea. The geography has also imposed limitations on the creation of traditional communication infrastructures, such as cables and wires for phone and internet connections. Add to this the fact that there are four official languages spoken—Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, English and French—communication of information in this population can be a challenge.[13]

Despite the isolation and dispersion of the population, modern technology has increased the ability of Nunavut residents to interact and receive information from the rest of North America. Until recently, Nunavut relied on expensive satellite technology for internet communication. In 2005, cheaper broadband services were established in some areas by the non-profit Nunavut Broadband Development Corporation; there is a plan in place to connect most communities to broadband communication in the next few years.[14]

However, traditional barriers to information access still exist. There is no university in Nunavut (although post-secondary education is available at Nunavut Arctic College), and the rate of high school graduation is exceptionally low. There is a 20% unemployment rate, and the federal government provides 100% of the operating costs for the territory’s public and civic services.[15]

These challenges provide the Nunavut Public Library Services with an important role to play in acting as a center for information and resource for learning. As the local branches demonstrate, they do this creatively and in conjunction with other territorial and private institutions.

  • Inuit Women at Ashe Inlet, Nunavut
  • Aivillik woman Niviatsinaq ("Shoofly Comer") in gala dress, Cape Fullerton, Nunavut, Canada)
  • Revillon Frères Trading Company Limited, Repulse Bay, Nunavut, Canada
  • Awilingment woman, Repulse Bay (Naujaat), Nunavut, Canada, 1926
  • George Hees Frobisher Bay, NWT (now Iqaluit, Nunavut)
  • N.W.M.P. Barracks at Fullerton Harbour, Nunavut. (now Iqaluit, Nunavut)
  • River above Yathkyed Lake, Northwest Territories (now Nunavut), Canada.
  • Inukshuk, Enukso Lake, Nunavut

References
  1. Email received from Taryl Gura, NPLS Librarian, October 19, 2006.
  2. Crockatt & Smythe (2003)
  3. Crockatt & Smythe (2003), p. 2
  4. Crockatt & Smythe (2003), p. 9
  5. Crockatt & Smythe (2003), p. 7
  6. Nunavut Literacy Council. (2004). Literacy Programs that Work: Sharing Knowledge and Experience. http://www.nunavutliteracy.ca/english/resource/reports/litprog/16.htm Archived 2007-10-06 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Cara Bafile. (2001). “Students Use Technology to Preserve Inuit Heritage.” http://www.education-world.com/a_tech/tech096.shtml
  8. Hill, Miriam. (2001). "Internet Access Brings Surfers to Library." Nunatsiaq News, June 22, 2001 edition. http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut010630/nvt10622_17.html Archived 2006-11-14 at the Wayback Machine
  9. "About Nunavut Public Libraries." Retrieved October 12, 2006 from http://www.publiclibraries.nu.ca/about.html
  10. Nunavut. (2006). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 17, 2006, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9119561
  11. Canada. (2006). In Encyclopædia Britannica World Data Analyst. Retrieved October 17, 2006, from Encyclopædia Britannica World Data Analyst Online: http://world.eb.com/wdpdf/Canada.pdf
  12. Nunavut. Encyclopædia Britannica.
  13. Government of Nunavut. "Our Land" (PDF). Tunngasugitti, and Welcome to Nunavut!. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  14. Nunavut Broadband Home page and Nunavut Broadband Development Corporation Archived 2007-07-03 at the Wayback Machine. (2003). Nunavut Broadband Business Plan for Implementation Funding Archived 2007-07-31 at the Wayback Machine.
  15. Government of Nunavut Human Resources Archived 2006-09-26 at the Wayback Machine

Bibliography
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