Oiasso

Oiasso,[1] Oiasona[2] or Oiarso[3] was a Basque Roman town located on the left bank of the Bidasoa estuary in the Bay of Biscay (current Basque Country, in Spanish territory). Archaeological evidence unearthed recently pinpoints the core area of Oiasso in the old quarter of Irun (Gipuzkoa) by the Spanish-French border, where harbour and bath remains have been discovered. However, two other focuses in Cape Higuer and hermitage Ama Xantalen (necropolis and mausoleum) point to a wider complex outside the main nucleus.

Current view of the mouth of the Bidasoa.
Easo and Easo prom. in the lower left corner of this 1578 map of Gaul according to Ptolemy.
Oeaso near the left extreme of Gallia in this old map or Roman Hispania.

Actually, some authors note that the name Oiasso may have applied to the whole valley, arguing that the very name of the Bidasoa River may stem from Latin "via ad Oiasso", eventually rendering Bidasoa in Basque. Furthermore, it is widely assumed that the name for the town Oiartzun some 10 km away may have developed from Oiasso. A Roman road linked this spot to ancient Pompaelo all the way through the Saltus Vasconum (the Vasconian wilderness), with the road being built to connect the Vasconian main town to the mines of Arditurri set in the massif of Aiako Harria. Romans showed an early interest on them on account of the ore (largely silver and copper) they could extract from them, using the port and factories of Oiasso to process and dispatch the freight away.

A museum was founded recently in Irun to cater for the interest the vestiges unveiled have aroused and for tourism.

Earlier it was misidentified with current San Sebastián, that is still nicknamed la bella Easo ("The beautiful Easo", a Hispanization of Oiasso).

See also

Iruña-Veleia

References
  1. Ptolemy, 2, 6, 10
  2. Strabo, Geographia III, 4, 10. The Casaubonus editions of 1587 and 1620 write Oídasoûna, corrected by Adolf Schulten to Oíasoûna.
  3. Pliny, 3, 29
  • Oiasso Roman Museum
  • Idoia Estornés Zubizarreta, Eusko Ikaskuntza (ed.), "Oiarso", Auñamendi Encyclopedia (in Spanish), retrieved 2010-01-11
  • Bernardo Estornés Lasa, Eusko Ikaskuntza (ed.), "Oiasso", Auñamendi Encyclopedia (in Spanish), retrieved 2010-01-11
  • Bernardo Estornés Lasa, Eusko Ikaskuntza (ed.), "Oiasona", Auñamendi Encyclopedia (in Spanish), retrieved 2010-01-11
  • Jesús Altuna Echave, Koro Mariezkurrena Gastearena, Ángel Armendáriz Gutiérrez, Luis del Barrio, Txomin Ugalde, Xabier Peñalver Iribarren (1982), Carta Arqueológica de Guipúzcoa: Yacimientos y hallazgos romanos (pdf), Munibe (in Spanish), Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, pp. 217–224, ISSN 0027-3414, retrieved 2018-01-11CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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