Olinto M. Barsanti

Olinto Mark Barsanti (November 11, 1917 – May 2, 1973) was commander of the 101st Airborne Division in Vietnam from 1967 to 1968, commanding during the Tet Offensive and during subsequent operations around Bien Hoa and Huế. He commanded the 3rd Battalion, 38th Infantry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division during World War II (in Normandy, Brittany, and Belgium). He served in the Korean War from the beginning of the conflict in July, 1950 until August, 1951. During his tour in Korea his assignments included staff officer with X Corps and commander of the 9th Infantry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division. He is one of the most highly decorated American soldiers in history, receiving approximately 60 decorations, including the DSC, DSM, 5 Silver Stars, 2 Legions of Merit, 8 Bronze Stars, 7 Air Medals, 7 Purple Hearts, and the French Croix de guerre (WWII) with bronze palm.

Olinto M. Barsanti
Born(1917-11-11)November 11, 1917
Nevada
DiedMay 2, 1973(1973-05-02) (aged 55)
Place of burial
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Army
Years of service1938-1971
Rank Major General
Commands held101st Airborne Division
9th Infantry Regiment
Battles/warsWorld War II
Korean War
Cold War
Vietnam War
AwardsArmy Distinguished Service Cross
Army Distinguished Service Medal
Silver Star (5)
Legion of Merit (2)
Bronze Star Medal (8) with "V"
Air Medal (7) with "V"
Purple Heart (7)
Croix de guerre with palms

Barsanti died of cancer in 1973. He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[1]

World War II

In 1944, Barsanti arrived on the coast of France, the day after D-Day, as commander of the 3rd Battalion, 38th Infantry Regiment. At 26 years old, he was one of the youngest battalion commanders in the Army. During his eight months serving in the war, Barsanti was awarded five Purple Hearts and four Bronze Star Medals. Barsanti personally assisted each of his regiments during a successful defense against a German counter-attack, and helped take a German stronghold. These two acts earned him two Silver Star Medals.[2]

Korean War

In June 1950, two days after North Korea invaded South Korea, Barsanti and a few other officers arrived to establish a command post for General of the Army Douglas MacArthur in Suwon, South Korea. His efforts in setting up facilities, transportation, and necessary systems, unassisted except for indigenous personnel, earned him a Legion of Merit.[3] He went on to command the 9th Infantry Regiment during the Korean War, and was the youngest Regimental Commander in Korea at the age of 33. His successful completion of a lone mission to deliver secret orders to two South Korean infantry divisions 190 miles behind enemy lines earned him a Distinguished Service Cross.

Vietnam War

In 1967, Barsanti was assigned command of the 101st Airborne Division which was stationed at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. His orders were to prepare the Division for combat in Vietnam. In August 1976, Barsanti received orders to prepare for Operation Eagle Thrust, the largest air-flight transfer of men and equipment from the U.S. to Southeast Asia. Barsanti arrived in Vietnam on December 13, 1967 to report for duty. During Barsanti's seven months commanding the 101st Airborne in Vietnam, the unit had over 8,000 enemy kills, more than 350 detainees taken, and more than 2,650 weapons captured.[4]

Chronological List of Assignments [5]

Jul 1940 – Sep 1940 The Infantry School, Fort Benning, Georgia
Oct 1940 – Nov 1942 38th Infantry, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
Dec 1942 – Apr 1943 The Infantry School, Fort Benning, Georgia
May 1945 – Jan 1946 38th Infantry, Camp McCoy, Wisconsin
Oct 1943 – Apr 1945 Commanding Officer, 3d Battalion, 38th Infantry, ETO, Europe
May 1945 – Oct 1945 S-3, 25th Special Troops, Camp Gruber, Oklahoma
Nov 1945 – Jan 1946 Commanding Officer, 3d Battalion, 38th Infantry, Camp Swift, Texas
Feb 1946 – May 1946 Student, Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
June 1946 – Jul 1946 Executive Officer, 38th Infantry Regiment, Camp Carson, Colorado
Jul 1946 – Jul 1949 Faculty Member, Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
Sep 1949 – May 1950 Staff Officer, G-1, General, Far East Command, Tokyo, Japan
Jun 1950 – Jul 1950 Assistant Chief of Staff, G-1, General Headquarters, ADCOM, Korea
Aug 1950 – Feb 1951 Assistant G-1, X Corps, Korea
Mar 1951 – Aug 1951 Executive Officer and Commanding Officer, 9th Infantry Regiment, Korea
Sep 1951 – Dec 1951 Operation and Training Officer, G-3, General Headquarters, Far East Command
Jan 1952 – Jun 1953 Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, VI Corps, Camp Atterbury, Indiana
Jul 1953 – Jan 1954 Student, Armed Forces Staff College, Norfolk, Virginia
Feb 1954 – May 1955 Chief, Survey and Organization Branch, Comptroller, US Army, Europe
Jun 1955 – Jan 1957 Chief of Staff, Berlin Command
Feb 1957 – Jul 1957 Member, Regular Officer Augmentation Detachment Department of the Army, Washington, D.C.
Aug 1957 – Jun 1958 Student, National War College, Washington, D.C.
Jul 1958 – Jun 1961 Chief, Requirements Division, Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, Department of the Army, Washington, D.C.
Jul 1961 – Jul 1963 Chief, Manpower Division, JI, Joint Staff Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington, D.C.
Jul 1963 – Aug 1964 Assistant Division Commander for Combat Operations, 7th Infantry Division, Korea
Sep 1964 – May 1966 Comptroller, US Army, Europe
May 1966 – Sep 1966 Chief of Staff, V Corps, USAREUR
Oct 1966 – Jun 1967 Comptroller and Director of Programs, US Army Materiel Command, Washington, D.C.
Jul 1967 – Jun 1968 Commanding General, 101st Airborne Division, Fort Campbell, Kentucky (deployed to Vietnam 13 Dec 67)
Jul 1968 – Aug 1968 Commanding General, 101st Air Cavalry Division
Aug 1968 – Sep 1971 Chief of Staff, Fifth US Army, Fort Sheridan, Illinois

Awards and decorations[5]

Combat Infantryman Badge with star
Ranger Tab
Basic Parachutist Badge
Army Staff Identification Badge
Vietnam Master Parachutist Badge
101st Airborne Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
7 Overseas Service Bars
Army Distinguished Service Cross
Army Distinguished Service Medal
Silver Star with four bronze oak leaf clusters
Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster
Distinguished Flying Cross
Bronze Star Medal with Valor device and seven oak leaf clusters
Purple Heart with six oak leaf clusters
Air Medal with Valor device and six oak leaf clusters
Army Commendation Medal
Army Presidential Unit Citation with two oak leaf clusters
American Defense Service Medal
American Campaign Medal
European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with one silver service star
World War II Victory Medal
Army of Occupation Medal
National Defense Service Medal with service star
Korean Service Medal with six service stars
Vietnam Service Medal with two service stars
French WWII War Cross with bronze palm
National Order of Vietnam, Knight
Vietnam Gallantry Cross with palm
Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation
Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation
Vietnam Civil Actions Medal Unit Citation
United Nations Korea Medal
Vietnam Campaign Medal

Honors

In his memory, the University of North Texas established the Barsanti Military History Center. The current director of the Barsanti program is Geoffrey Wawro.

Fort Campbell held a dedication ceremony for the Olinto M. Barsanti Elementary School, a Department of the Defense Education Activity school. The new school is located in the southern portion of the Fort Campbell Army Post. The 93,000 square-foot, $18 million building was built to accommodate the growing availability of on-post-housing, and serves the Gardner Hills and The Woodlands housing areas. It opened its doors to approximately 550 Pre-K through 5th grade students on January 3, 2011.

References

  1. Burial Detail: Barsanti, Olinto M – ANC Explorer
  2. Leslie V. Dix (1944-08-02). "Confidential letter to Major Olinto M. Barsanti". University of North Texas Special Collections. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  3. United States Army Far East Command (1952). "Citation for Legion of Merit". University of North Texas Special Collections. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  4. "The Screaming Eagle, Volume 1, Number 5". University of North Texas Special Collections. 1968-07-15. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  5. Biographical Data and Military Service Resume, Major General Olinto Mark Barsanti. Located in the United States Army Major General Olinto Mark Barsanti Papers, Box 2096, Folder 1, Held by University of North Texas Special Collections.
Military offices
Preceded by
Chief of Staff 5th US Army
August 1968 – June 1971
Succeeded by
Preceded by
Ben Sternberg
Commanding General of the 101st Airborne Division
June 1967 – June 1968
Succeeded by
Melvin Zais
Preceded by
Comptroller US Army Europe
September 1964 – May 1966
Succeeded by
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