Orostachys

Orostachys is a genus of the succulent family Crassulaceae (stonecrop family) that contains about 15 species. It is a biennial herb growing in China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia. Eight species occur in China.[1]

Orostachys
Orostachys malacophylla var. iwarenge
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Core eudicots
Order:
Saxifragales
Family:
Crassulaceae
Genus:
Orostachys
Orostachys spinosa

Description

Orostachys are the most morphologically distinct member of subfamily Sempervivoideae, characterised by a semi-rosette habit, and spadix-like terminal, narrowly pyramidal to cylindrical inflorescence. leaves are linear to ovate, often with dull purple dots. The stem arrangement is alternate, forming a crowded cauline rosette. The roots are fibrous and it has no rhizome. The flowering stem is solitary, arising from the center of the rosette in the second year.[2][3][1]}

Taxonomy

Within family Crassulaceae, Orostachys is placed in tribe Telephieae of subfamily Sempervivoideae. The genus has. at times, included Meterostachys. Molecular phylogenetics shows that the genus is not monophyletic, but polyphyletic relative to paraphyletic Hylotelephium. Its circumscription, therefore, is unstable and subject to revision.[2]

Subdivision

The genus Orostachys has been divided into series (or sections), including:[2][4][5]

  • Orostachys series Appendiculatae
  • Orostachys series Eappendiculatae

Other authors have created two different sections:[3]

  • Orostachys section Orostachys
  • Orostachys section Schoenlandia

Some species were transferred from Sinocrassula into Orostachys, as section Schoenlandia, also treated as a subgenus or section,[4][2] or a separate genus Kungia, e.g. O. schoenlandii (Kungia schoenlandii).[6] Orostachys section Orostachys, in turn has been treated as two subsections, differing by either flat or fleshy leaf shape, and the presence or absence of appendages on the leaves, which include spines or cartilaginous protrusions:[3]

  • Orostachys subsection Orostachys
  • Orostachys subsection Appendiculatae

On the basis of molecular data, it has been proposed that Orostachys subsection Appendiculatae be considered a separate genus.[3]

Species

The genus includes about 12–17 accepted species, including:[6][4]

  • Orostachys aggregata (Makino) H. Hara
  • Orostachys boehmeri V.N. Boriss. – also called O. furusei, endemic plant from Japan
  • Orostachys cartilaginea (H. Lév.) A. Berger
  • Orostachys chanetii A. Berger
  • Orostachys fimbriata (Turcz.) A.Berger
  • Orostachys genkaiensis Ohwi
  • Orostachys iwarenge Hara – Chinese Dunce Cap
  • Orostachys malacophylla (Pall.) Fisch. – type species
  • Orostachys minuta (Kom.) A. Berger
  • Orostachys paradoxa (Khokhr. & Vorosch.) Czerep.
  • Orostachys sikokiana (Makino) Ohwi
  • Orostachys spinosa (L.) Sweet
  • Orostachys thyrsiflora Fisch.

References
  1. Fu et al 2004.
  2. Mayuzumi & Ohba 2004.
  3. Gontcharova et al 2006.
  4. Tropicos 2015.
  5. Thiede & Eggli 2007.
  6. TPL 2013.

Bibliography
  • Thiede, J; Eggli, U (2007). "Crassulaceae". In Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.). Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae. pp. 83–119. ISBN 978-3540322146.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) (full text at ResearchGate)
  • Gontcharova, S. B.; Artyukova, E. V.; Gontcharov, A. A. (June 2006). "Phylogenetic relationships among members of the subfamily Sedoideae (Crassulaceae) inferred from the ITS region sequences of nuclear rDNA" (PDF). Russian Journal of Genetics. 42 (6): 654–661. doi:10.1134/S102279540606010X. S2CID 33249840.
  • Mayuzumi, Shinzo; Ohba, Hideaki (2004). "The Phylogenetic Position of Eastern Asian Sedoideae (Crassulaceae) Inferred from Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA Sequences". Systematic Botany. 29 (3): 587–598. doi:10.1600/0363644041744329. ISSN 0363-6445. JSTOR 25063994. S2CID 84319808.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • TPL (2013). "The Plant List Version 1.1: Orostachys". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 13 October 2019.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • "Orostachys". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  • Fu, Kunjun; Ohba, Hideaki; Gilbert, Michael G. (2004). "Orostachys Fisch". p. 206. Retrieved 13 October 2019., in Flora of China online vol. 8


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