PADI1

Peptidyl arginine deiminase, type I, also known as PADI1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PADI1 gene.[5][6]

PADI1
Identifiers
Aliases	PADI1, HPAD10, PAD1, PDI, PDI1, peptidyl arginine deiminase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 607934 MGI: 1338893 HomoloGene: 7881 GeneCards: PADI1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p36.13 Start 17,205,128 bp[1] End 17,246,007 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] Band 4 D3|4 72.62 cM Start 140,812,983 bp[2] End 140,845,778 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • calcium ion binding • hydrolase activity • protein-arginine deiminase activity • metal ion binding Cellular component • cell nucleus • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm • cytosol Biological process • protein citrullination • histone citrullination • chromatin organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	29943	18599
Ensembl	ENSG00000142623 ENSG00000281459	ENSMUSG00000025329
UniProt	Q9ULC6	Q9Z185
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_013358	NM_011059
RefSeq (protein)	NP_037490	NP_035189
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 17.21 – 17.25 Mb	Chr 4: 140.81 – 140.85 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family of enzymes, which catalyze the post-translational deimination of proteins by converting arginine residues into citrullines in the presence of calcium ions. The family members have distinct substrate specificities and tissue-specific expression patterns. The type I enzyme is involved in the late stages of epidermal differentiation, where it deiminates filaggrin and keratin K1, which maintains hydration of the stratum corneum, and hence the cutaneous barrier function. This enzyme may also play a role in hair follicle formation. This gene exists in a cluster with four other paralogous genes.[5]

References

1. ENSG00000281459 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000142623, ENSG00000281459 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025329 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: PADI1 peptidyl arginine deiminase, type I".
6. Guerrin M, Ishigami A, Méchin MC, Nachat R, Valmary S, Sebbag M, Simon M, Senshu T, Serre G (February 2003). "cDNA cloning, gene organization and expression analysis of human peptidylarginine deiminase type I". The Biochemical Journal. 370 (Pt 1): 167–74. doi:10.1042/BJ20020870. PMC 1223146. PMID 12416996.

Further reading

• Vossenaar ER, Zendman AJ, van Venrooij WJ, Pruijn GJ (2004). "PAD, a growing family of citrullinating enzymes: genes, features and involvement in disease". BioEssays. 25 (11): 1106–18. doi:10.1002/bies.10357. PMID 14579251. S2CID 22194514.
• Chavanas S, Méchin MC, Nachat R, et al. (2006). "Peptidylarginine deiminases and deimination in biology and pathology: relevance to skin homeostasis". J. Dermatol. Sci. 44 (2): 63–72. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.07.004. PMID 16973334.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Guerrin M, Ishigami A, Méchin MC, et al. (2003). "cDNA cloning, gene organization and expression analysis of human peptidylarginine deiminase type I". Biochem. J. 370 (Pt 1): 167–74. doi:10.1042/BJ20020870. PMC 1223146. PMID 12416996.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Chavanas S, Méchin MC, Takahara H, et al. (2004). "Comparative analysis of the mouse and human peptidylarginine deiminase gene clusters reveals highly conserved non-coding segments and a new human gene, PADI6". Gene. 330: 19–27. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2003.12.038. PMID 15087120.
• Iida A, Nakamura Y (2004). "Identification of 45 novel SNPs in the 83-kb region containing peptidylarginine deiminase types 1 and 3 loci on chromosomal band 1p36.13". J. Hum. Genet. 49 (7): 387–90. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0156-1. PMID 15150696.
• Nachat R, Méchin MC, Takahara H, et al. (2005). "Peptidylarginine deiminase isoforms 1-3 are expressed in the epidermis and involved in the deimination of K1 and filaggrin". J. Invest. Dermatol. 124 (2): 384–93. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.23568.x. PMID 15675958.
• Méchin MC, Enji M, Nachat R, et al. (2005). "The peptidylarginine deiminases expressed in human epidermis differ in their substrate specificities and subcellular locations". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62 (17): 1984–95. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5196-y. PMID 16091842. S2CID 23610590.
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature. 441 (7091): 315–21. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..315G. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.