PPM1B

Protein phosphatase 1B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPM1B gene.[5][6]

PPM1B
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2P8E
Identifiers
Aliases	PPM1B, PP2C-beta, PP2C-beta-X, PP2CB, PP2CBETA, PPC2BETAX, protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1B
External IDs	OMIM: 603770 MGI: 101841 HomoloGene: 2027 GeneCards: PPM1B
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2p21 Start 44,167,969 bp[1] End 44,244,384 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17 E4|17 55.13 cM Start 84,956,741 bp[2] End 85,023,991 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • GO:0001948 protein binding • magnesium ion binding • manganese ion binding • protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity • phosphoprotein phosphatase activity • catalytic activity • cation binding • hydrolase activity • metal ion binding • magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity Cellular component • membrane • cytoplasm • nucleolus • cytosol • cell nucleus Biological process • protein dephosphorylation • negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling • negative regulation of defense response to virus • N-terminal protein myristoylation • peptidyl-threonine dephosphorylation • negative regulation of interferon-beta production • negative regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5495	19043
Ensembl	ENSG00000138032	ENSMUSG00000061130
UniProt	O75688	P36993
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001033556 NM_001033557 NM_002706 NM_177968 NM_177969	NM_001159496 NM_001159497 NM_001159498 NM_011151
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001028729 NP_002697 NP_808907 NP_808908	NP_001152968 NP_001152969 NP_001152970 NP_035281
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 44.17 – 44.24 Mb	Chr 17: 84.96 – 85.02 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PP2C family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases. PP2C family members are known to be negative regulators of cell stress response pathways. This phosphatase has been shown to dephosphorylate cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and thus may be involved in cell cycle control. Overexpression of this phosphatase is reported to cause cell-growth arrest or cell death. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Additional transcript variants have been described, but currently do not represent full-length sequences.[6]

Interactions

PPM1B has been shown to interact with:

• CDK2,[7]
• CDK6,[7]
• CHUK,[8]
• IKBKG,[8]
• IKK2,[8]
• MAP3K7,[9] and
• PPARγ.[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000138032 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000061130 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Marley AE, Kline A, Crabtree G, Sullivan JE, Beri RK (August 1998). "The cloning expression and tissue distribution of human PP2Cbeta". FEBS Lett. 431 (1): 121–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00708-X. PMID 9684878. S2CID 84075989.
6. "Entrez Gene: PPM1B protein phosphatase 1B (formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, beta isoform".
7. Cheng A, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (November 2000). "Dephosphorylation of human cyclin-dependent kinases by protein phosphatase type 2C alpha and beta 2 isoforms". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (44): 34744–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006210200. PMID 10934208.
8. Prajapati S, Verma U, Yamamoto Y, Kwak YT, Gaynor RB (January 2004). "Protein phosphatase 2Cbeta association with the IkappaB kinase complex is involved in regulating NF-kappaB activity". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (3): 1739–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306273200. PMID 14585847.
9. Hanada M, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Komaki K, Ohnishi M, Katsura K, Kanamaru R, Matsumoto K, Tamura S (February 2001). "Regulation of the TAK1 signaling pathway by protein phosphatase 2C". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (8): 5753–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007773200. PMID 11104763.
10. Tasdelen I, van Beekum O, Gorbenko O, Fleskens V, van den Broek NJ, Koppen A, Hamers N, Berger R, Coffer PJ, Brenkman AB, Kalkhoven E (2013). "The serine/threonine phosphatase PPM1B (PP2Cβ) selectively modulates PPARγ activity". Biochem. J. 451 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1042/BJ20121113. PMID 23320500.

Further reading

• Hishiya A, Ohnishi M, Tamura S, Nakamura F (1999). "Protein phosphatase 2C inactivates F-actin binding of human platelet moesin". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (38): 26705–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.38.26705. PMID 10480873.
• Cheng A, Ross KE, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (2000). "Dephosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases by type 2C protein phosphatases". Genes Dev. 13 (22): 2946–57. doi:10.1101/gad.13.22.2946. PMC 317162. PMID 10580002.
• Cheng A, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (2000). "Dephosphorylation of human cyclin-dependent kinases by protein phosphatase type 2C alpha and beta 2 isoforms". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (44): 34744–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006210200. PMID 10934208.
• Hanada M, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Komaki K, Ohnishi M, Katsura K, Kanamaru R, Matsumoto K, Tamura S (2001). "Regulation of the TAK1 signaling pathway by protein phosphatase 2C". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (8): 5753–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007773200. PMID 11104763.
• Parvari R, Brodyansky I, Elpeleg O, Moses S, Landau D, Hershkovitz E (2001). "A recessive contiguous gene deletion of chromosome 2p16 associated with cystinuria and a mitochondrial disease". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 69 (4): 869–75. doi:10.1086/323624. PMC 1226072. PMID 11524703.
• Seroussi E, Shani N, Ben-Meir D, Chajut A, Divinski I, Faier S, Gery S, Karby S, Kariv-Inbal Z, Sella O, Smorodinsky NI, Lavi S (2001). "Uniquely conserved non-translated regions are involved in generation of the two major transcripts of protein phosphatase 2Cbeta". J. Mol. Biol. 312 (3): 439–51. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4967. PMID 11563908.
• Prajapati S, Verma U, Yamamoto Y, Kwak YT, Gaynor RB (2004). "Protein phosphatase 2Cbeta association with the IkappaB kinase complex is involved in regulating NF-kappaB activity". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (3): 1739–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306273200. PMID 14585847.
• Parvari R, Gonen Y, Alshafee I, Buriakovsky S, Regev K, Hershkovitz E (2005). "The 2p21 deletion syndrome: characterization of the transcription content". Genomics. 86 (2): 195–211. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.04.001. PMID 15913950.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.