Poule d'Essai des Pouliches

The Poule d'Essai des Pouliches is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run over a distance of 1,600 metres (about 1 mile) at Longchamp in May.

Poule d'Essai des Pouliches
(French 1,000 Guineas)
Group 1 race
LocationLongchamp Racecourse
Paris, France
Inaugurated1883
Race typeFlat / Thoroughbred
Websitefrance-galop.com
Race information
Distance1,600 metres (1 mile)[1]
SurfaceTurf
TrackRight-handed
QualificationThree-year-old fillies[1]
Weight57 kg[1]
Purse€450,000 (2017)
1st: €257,130[1]
Poule d'Essai des Pouliches
2020
Dream And Do Speak Of The Devil Mageva

It is France's equivalent of the 1,000 Guineas, a famous race in England.

History

Origins

The Poule d'Essai, an event for three-year-old colts and fillies, was established in France in 1840. It was inspired by two races in England, the 2000 Guineas (for colts and fillies) and the 1,000 Guineas (for fillies only).

The race was initially staged at the Champ de Mars. Its first running was over one full circuit of the track (about 2,000 metres). It was cut to a three-quarter lap (1,500 metres) in 1841. It was cancelled due to insufficient entries in 1843 and 1844.

The Poule d'Essai was transferred to Longchamp in 1857. It was extended to 1,600 metres in 1867.[2] It was abandoned because of the Franco-Prussian War in 1871. It continued to be run until 1882.[3]

Modern version

The modern Poule d'Essai des Pouliches was created in 1883, when the Poule d'Essai was divided into two separate races.[4] The "Pouliches" was restricted to fillies, and the Poule d'Essai des Poulains was reserved for colts.

The events were cancelled throughout World War I, with no runnings from 1915 to 1918. There were two 1,800-metre replacement races at Chantilly in 1917.[5] The version for fillies was called the Critérium d'Essai des Pouliches.[6]

The "Pouliches" and "Poulains" were not run in the spring of 1940, but a substitute combining both races took place at Auteuil in October. Titled the Prix d'Essai, it was won by the colt Djebel.[7]

The Poule d'Essai des Pouliches was held at Le Tremblay in 1943,[8] and Maisons-Laffitte in 1944 and 1945.[9]

The present race grading system was introduced in 1971, and the event was given Group 1 status. It was switched from Longchamp's middle course (moyenne piste) to the main course (grande piste) in 1987.

The leading horses from the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches sometimes go on to compete in the Prix de Diane. Twenty-six fillies have won both races. The most recent was Avenir Certain in 2014.

Records

Leading jockey (8 wins):

  • Freddy Head – Ivanjica (1975), Riverqueen (1976), Dancing Maid (1978), Three Troikas (1979), Silvermine (1985), Miesque (1987), Matiara (1995), Always Loyal (1997)

Leading trainer (7 wins):

  • Charles Semblat – Esmeralda (1942), Caravelle (1943), Palencia (1944), Corteira (1948), Coronation / Galgala (1949), Corejada (1950), Djelfa (1951)
  • Criquette Head-Maarek – Three Troikas (1979), Silvermine (1985), Baiser Vole (1986), Ravinella (1988), Matiara (1995), Always Loyal (1997), Special Duty (2010)

Leading owner (8 wins):

  • Marcel Boussac – Esmeralda (1942), Caravelle (1943), Palencia (1944), Corteira (1948), Coronation / Galgala (1949), Corejada (1950), Djelfa (1951), Apollonia (1956)

Winners since 1970
Year Winner Jockey Trainer Owner Time
1970 Pampered Miss Maurice Philipperon John Cunnington Jr. Nelson Bunker Hunt 1:40.60
1971 Bold Fascinator Bill Williamson John Fellows Wendell Rosso 1:39.70
1972 Mata Hari Jean Cruguet Angel Penna Countess Batthyany 1:44.70
1973 Allez France Yves Saint-Martin Albert Klimscha Daniel Wildenstein 1:44.60
1974 Dumka Alain Lequeux Jacques de Chevigny C. Bauer 1:47.50
1975 Ivanjica Freddy Head Alec Head Jacques Wertheimer 1:38.40
1976 Riverqueen Freddy Head Christian Datessen Ghislaine Head 1:38.60
1977 Madelia Yves Saint-Martin Angel Penna Daniel Wildenstein 1:39.90
1978 Dancing Maid Freddy Head Alec Head Jacques Wertheimer 1:45.30
1979 Three Troikas Freddy Head Criquette Head Ghislaine Head 1:46.00
1980 Aryenne Maurice Philipperon John Fellows D. G. Volkert 1:43.60
1981 Ukraine Girl Pat Eddery Robert Collet Meg Mullion 1:41.00
1982 River Lady Lester Piggott François Boutin Robert Sangster 1:39.60
1983 L'Attrayante Alain Badel Olivier Douieb Mrs Charles Thériot 1:42.50
1984 Masarika Yves Saint-Martin Alain de Royer-Dupré Aga Khan IV 1:39.30
1985 Silvermine Freddy Head Criquette Head Ghislaine Head 1:40.70
1986 Baiser Vole Guy Guignard Criquette Head Robert Sangster 1:39.90
1987 Miesque Freddy Head François Boutin Stavros Niarchos 1:38.10
1988 Ravinella Gary W. Moore Criquette Head Ecurie Aland 1:38.30
1989 Pearl Bracelet Alfred Gibert Roger Wojtowiez Ecurie Fustok 1:37.10
1990 Houseproud Pat Eddery André Fabre Khalid Abdullah 1:38.50
1991 Danseuse du Soir Dominique Boeuf Élie Lellouche Daniel Wildenstein 1:38.60
1992 Culture Vulture Richard Quinn Paul Cole Chris Wright 1:37.00
1993 Madeleine's Dream Cash Asmussen François Boutin Allen Paulson 1:36.40
1994 East of the Moon Cash Asmussen François Boutin Stavros Niarchos 1:37.10
1995 Matiara Freddy Head Criquette Head Ecurie Aland 1:42.40
1996 Ta Rib Willie Carson Ed Dunlop Hamdan Al Maktoum 1:38.70
1997 Always Loyal Freddy Head Criquette Head Maktoum Al Maktoum 1:40.20
1998 Zalaiyka Gérald Mossé Alain de Royer-Dupré Aga Khan IV 1:35.70
1999 Valentine Waltz Ray Cochrane John Gosden Kirby Maher Syndicate 1:36.00
2000 Bluemamba Thierry Jarnet Pascal Bary Ecurie Skymarc Farm 1:40.20
2001 Rose Gypsy Michael Kinane Aidan O'Brien Magnier / Tabor 1:36.70
2002 Zenda Richard Hughes John Gosden Khalid Abdullah 1:37.00
2003 Musical Chimes Christophe Soumillon André Fabre Maktoum Al Maktoum 1:36.00
2004 Torrestrella Olivier Peslier François Rohaut Bernard Bargues 1:35.70
2005 Divine Proportions Christophe Lemaire Pascal Bary Niarchos Family 1:38.50
2006 Tie Black [a] Jean-Bernard Eyquem François Rohaut Javier Gispert 1:36.60
2007 Darjina Christophe Soumillon Alain de Royer-Dupré Zahra Aga Khan 1:37.20
2008 Zarkava Christophe Soumillon Alain de Royer-Dupré Aga Khan IV 1:35.20
2009 Elusive Wave Christophe Lemaire Jean-Claude Rouget Martin Schwartz 1:36.87
2010 Special Duty [b] Stéphane Pasquier Criquette Head-Maarek Khalid Abdullah 1:37.40
2011 Golden Lilac Olivier Peslier André Fabre Gestüt Ammerland 1:39.31
2012 Beauty Parlour Christophe Soumillon Élie Lellouche Ecurie Wildenstein 1:37.15
2013 Flotilla Christophe Lemaire Mikel Delzangles Mohammed bin Khalifa Al Thani 1:34.77
2014 Avenir Certain Gregory Benoist Jean-Claude Rouget Caro / Augustin-Normand 1:39.95
2015 Ervedya Christophe Soumillon Jean-Claude Rouget Aga Khan IV 1:36.48
2016 La Cressonniere[a] Cristian Demuro Jean-Claude Rouget Caro / Augustin-Normand 1:36.00
2017 Precieuse[a] Olivier Peslier Fabrice Chappet Anne-Marie Hayes 1:37.69
2018 Teppal Olivier Peslier David Simcock Mohammed Bin Khalifa Al Thani 1:37.97
2019 Castle Lady Mickael Barzalona Henri-Alex Pantall Godolphin 1:40.91
2020 Dream And Do[d] Maxime Guyon Frederic Rossi Haras du Logis Saint Germain 1:35.68

a Price Tag finished first in 2006, but she was relegated to third place following a stewards' inquiry.
b Liliside was first in 2010, but she was placed sixth after a stewards' inquiry.
c The 2016 and 2017 races took place at Deauville while Longchamp was closed for redevelopment.
d The 2020 running took place at Deauville on 1 June as Longchamp was closed owing to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Earlier winners
  • 1883: Stockholm
  • 1884: Yvrande
  • 1885: Barberine
  • 1886: Sakountala
  • 1887: Tenebreuse
  • 1888: Widgeon
  • 1889: May Pole
  • 1890: Wandora
  • 1891: Primrose
  • 1892: Kairouan
  • 1893: Tilly
  • 1894: Calceolaire
  • 1895: Andree
  • 1896: Riposte
  • 1897: Roxelane
  • 1898: Polymnie
  • 1899: Sesara
  • 1900: Semendria
  • 1901: La Camargo
  • 1902: Kizil Kourgan
  • 1903: Rose de Mai
  • 1904: Xylene
  • 1905: Princesse Lointaine
  • 1906: Sais
  • 1907: Madree
  • 1908: Sauge Pourpree
  • 1909: Ronde de Nuit
  • 1910: Vellica
  • 1911: Bolide
  • 1912: Porte Maillot
  • 1913: Banshee
  • 1914: Diavolezza
  • 1915–18: no race
  • 1919: Galejade
  • 1920: Flowershop
  • 1921: Nephthys
  • 1922: Frisky
  • 1923: Anna Bolena
  • 1924: Rebia
  • 1925: La Dame de Trefle
  • 1926: Mackwiller
  • 1927: Fairy Legend
  • 1928: Roahouga
  • 1929: Poesie
  • 1930: Rose The
  • 1931: Pearl Cap
  • 1932: Ligne de Fond
  • 1933: Bipearl
  • 1934: Mary Tudor
  • 1935: The Nile
  • 1936: Blue Bear
  • 1937: Colette Baudoche
  • 1938: Feerie
  • 1939: Yonne
  • 1940: no race
  • 1941: Longthanh
  • 1942: Esmeralda
  • 1943: Caravelle
  • 1944: Palencia
  • 1945: Nikellora
  • 1946: Real
  • 1947: Imprudence
  • 1948: Corteira
  • 1949: Coronation / Galgala *
  • 1950: Corejada
  • 1951: Djelfa
  • 1952: Pomare
  • 1953: Hurnli
  • 1954: Virgule
  • 1955: Dictaway
  • 1956: Apollonia
  • 1957: Toro
  • 1958: Yla
  • 1959: Ginetta
  • 1960: Timandra
  • 1961: Solitude
  • 1962: La Sega
  • 1963: Altissima
  • 1964: Rajput Princess
  • 1965: La Sarre
  • 1966: Right Away
  • 1967: Gazala
  • 1968: Pola Bella
  • 1969: Koblenza

* The 1949 race was a dead-heat and has joint winners.

See also

References
  1. "Poule d'Essai des Pouliches". The French Black Type.
  2. "1868 Poule d'Essai". Ruff's Guide to the Turf for 1869. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  3. "1882 Poule d'Essai". Le Figaro (in French). 24 April 1882. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  4. "1883 Poule d'Essai des Pouliches". Le Figaro (in French). 23 April 1883. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  5. "Courses à Chantilly". Le Gaulois (in French). 22 May 1917. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  6. "1917 Critérium d'Essai des Pouliches". Le Gaulois. 22 May 1917. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  7. "Djebel enlève le Prix d'Essai". Le Matin (in French). 28 October 1940. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  8. "Résultats de samedi, au Tremblay". Le Matin. 17 May 1943. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  9. "La journée des Poules d'Essai à Maisons-Laffitte". Le Matin (in French). 13 May 1944. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
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