Process–architecture–optimization model

Process–architecture–optimization is a development model for central processing units (CPUs) that Intel adopted in 2016. Under this three-phase (three-year) model, every microprocessor die shrink is followed by a microarchitecture change and then by one or more optimizations. It replaced the two-phase (two-year) tick–tock model that Intel adopted in 2006. The tick–tock model was no longer economically sustainable, according to Intel, because production of ever smaller dies becomes ever more costly.[1][2][3][4][5]

Wave[6] Process
(shrink)		ArchitectureOptimizations
1:
14 nm		 2014:
Broadwell
(5th gen)		 2015:
Skylake
(6th gen)		 2016:
Kaby Lake
(7th gen)		 2017:
Coffee Lake
(8th gen)		 2018:
Coffee Lake Refresh
(9th gen)		 2019:

Comet Lake

(10th gen)

References: [1][3][6][7]
2:
10 nm		 2018:[note 1]
Cannon Lake
(8th gen, Palm Cove)		 2019:
Ice Lake
(10th gen, Sunny Cove)		 2020:
Tiger Lake
(11th gen, Willow Cove)		 2021:
Alder Lake
(12th gen, Golden Cove)
References: [1][8][7]
3:
7 nm		 2022:
Meteor Lake
(13th gen, Redwood Cove)
References:

Notes
  1. Cannon Lake: only 1 CPU released, microarchitecture dumped 1.5 year later.

References
  1. Tick Tock On The Rocks: Intel Delays 10nm, Adds 3rd Gen 14nm Core Product "Kaby Lake". AnandTech. 16 July 2015.
  2. Cutress, Ian. "Intel's 'Tick-Tock' Seemingly Dead, Becomes 'Process-Architecture-Optimization'".
  3. eTeknix.com (23 March 2016). "Intel Ditches 'Tick-Tock' for 'Process-Architecture-Optimization' - eTeknix".
  4. "Intel Tick-Tock Processor Model Replaced With Process-Architecture-Optimization - Legit Reviews". 23 March 2016.
  5. "Intel 7th Gen Core: Process Architecture Optimization". 30 August 2016.
  6. Intel Launches 7th Generation Kaby Lake: 15W/28W with Iris, 35-91W Desktop and Mobile Xeon - 03 January 2017. "Kaby Lake is the first wave of Intel’s ‘Optimization’ step in their ‘Process, Architecture, Optimization’ release structure."
  7. Intel’s Path to 10nm: 2010 to 2019 - 25 January 2019
  8. Intel's 10nm Cannon Lake and Core i3-8121U Deep Dive Review - 25 January 2019.
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