Promalactis

Promalactis is a genus of moths of the family Oecophoridae.[1]

Promalactis
Promalactis bifurciprocessa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Oecophoridae
Subfamily:	Oecophorinae
Genus:	Promalactis Meyrick, 1908
Type species
Promalactis holozona Meyrick, 1908

Taxonomic history

The genus was established by Edward Meyrick in 1908. It currently comprises 179 valid species worldwide, distributed mainly in the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. China has the greatest diversity, with 101 recorded species.

Identification

Promalactis is represented by the combination of the following characters: the smooth head with metallic lustre, the lanceolate forewings with various dark or white markings against yellow to deep ochreous-brown ground colour; the variously shaped symmetrical or asymmetrical valvae and a narrow to very broad sacculus in the male genitalia; and a developed to ill-defined lamella postvaginalis and an elongate thin ductus bursae in the female genitalia.

Biology

Little is known about the biology of this genus. Meyrick reported that larvae fed on rotten wood or bark of Pinaceae and other trees.[2]

Species

• Promalactis akaganea
• Promalactis albiapicalis
• Promalactis albipars
• Promalactis albipunctata
• Promalactis albisquama
• Promalactis amphicopa
• Promalactis apiciconcava
• Promalactis apicidentata
• Promalactis apicisetifera
• Promalactis apicispinifera
• Promalactis atriplagata
• Promalactis atrofasciella
• Promalactis auriella
• Promalactis autoclina
• Promalactis balikpapana
• Promalactis baotianmanensis
• Promalactis basifasciaria
• Promalactis bathroclina
• Promalactis bellatula
• Promalactis bifasciaria
• Promalactis bifurca
• Promalactis bifurciprocessa
• Promalactis biovata
• Promalactis bitaenia
• Promalactis bitrigona
• Promalactis brevivalva
• Promalactis brevivalvaris
• Promalactis buonluoi
• Promalactis calathiscias
• Promalactis callimetalla
• Promalactis caniceps
• Promalactis carinata
• Promalactis chishuiensis
• Promalactis clavata
• Promalactis climacota
• Promalactis clinometra
• Promalactis colacephala
• Promalactis commotica
• Promalactis convexa
• Promalactis cornigera
• Promalactis crenopa
• Promalactis densidentalis
• Promalactis densimacularis
• Promalactis dierli
• Promalactis dilatignatha
• Promalactis dimolybda
• Promalactis diorbis
• Promalactis dolokella
• Promalactis dorsoprojecta
• Promalactis enopisema
• Promalactis epistacta
• Promalactis ermolencoi
• Promalactis falsijezonica
• Promalactis fansipanella
• Promalactis fascispinata
• Promalactis fengxianica
• Promalactis fengyangensis
• Promalactis flavescens
• Promalactis forticosta
• Promalactis fuscimaculata
• Promalactis fuscomaculella
• Promalactis geometrica
• Promalactis grandisticta
• Promalactis griselocula
• Promalactis guangxiensis
• Promalactis hainanensis
• Promalactis haliclysta
• Promalactis heppneri
• Promalactis heterojuxta
• Promalactis hoenei
• Promalactis holozona
• Promalactis infulata
• Promalactis irinae
• Promalactis isodora
• Promalactis isopselia
• Promalactis isothea
• Promalactis jacobsoni
• Promalactis javana
• Promalactis jezonica
• Promalactis jiyuanica
• Promalactis jongi
• Promalactis jourdheuillella
• Promalactis kalimantana
• Promalactis kumanoensis
• Promalactis kuznetsovi
• Promalactis latijuxta
• Promalactis lobatifera
• Promalactis longiuncata
• Promalactis lungtanella
• Promalactis lunisequa
• Promalactis lunularis
• Promalactis maculosa
• Promalactis magnipuncti
• Promalactis manoi
• Promalactis matsuurae
• Promalactis mentawirella
• Promalactis merangirella
• Promalactis mercedella
• Promalactis meyi
• Promalactis meyricki
• Promalactis multimaculella
• Promalactis nabokovi
• Promalactis nadezhdae
• Promalactis nataliae
• Promalactis naumanni
• Promalactis nebrias
• Promalactis neixiangensis
• Promalactis noviloba
• Promalactis odaiensis
• Promalactis orphanopa
• Promalactis palawanella
• Promalactis palmata
• Promalactis papillata
• Promalactis parasuzukiella
• Promalactis parazeucta
• Promalactis parki
• Promalactis parvignatha
• Promalactis peculiaris
• Promalactis pentaclosta
• Promalactis polyspina
• Promalactis projecta
• Promalactis proximaculosa
• Promalactis proximipulchra
• Promalactis pulchra
• Promalactis punctuata
• Promalactis pyrochalca
• Promalactis quadratitabularis
• Promalactis quadrilineata
• Promalactis quadriloba
• Promalactis quadrimacularis
• Promalactis quinilineata
• Promalactis ramispinea
• Promalactis raptitalella
• Promalactis rectifascia
• Promalactis recurva
• Promalactis roesleri
• Promalactis rostriformis
• Promalactis rubra
• Promalactis ruficolor
• Promalactis ruiliensis
• Promalactis sakaiella
• Promalactis saligna
• Promalactis scalmotoma
• Promalactis scleroidea
• Promalactis scorpioidea
• Promalactis semantris
• Promalactis serpenticapitata
• Promalactis serrata
• Promalactis similiconvexa
• Promalactis similiflora
• Promalactis similinfulata
• Promalactis similipulchra
• Promalactis simplex
• Promalactis sinevi
• Promalactis spatulata
• Promalactis sphaerograpta
• Promalactis spiculata
• Promalactis spiniformis
• Promalactis spinosa
• Promalactis spinosicornuta
• Promalactis spintheritis
• Promalactis splendida
• Promalactis sponsalis
• Promalactis striola
• Promalactis strumifera
• Promalactis subcolacephala
• Promalactis submentawirella
• Promalactis subsuzukiella
• Promalactis sulawesiella
• Promalactis sumatrana
• Promalactis suzukiella
• Promalactis svetlanae
• Promalactis symbolopa
• Promalactis taibaiensis
• Promalactis tamdaoella
• Promalactis tauricornis
• Promalactis teleuropa
• Promalactis thiasitis
• Promalactis trapezia
• Promalactis tricuspidata
• Promalactis tridentata
• Promalactis trilineata
• Promalactis uncignatha
• Promalactis uncinata
• Promalactis uncinispinea
• Promalactis unistriatella
• Promalactis varilineata
• Promalactis varimorpha
• Promalactis varivalvata
• Promalactis venustella
• Promalactis veridica
• Promalactis vittapenna
• Promalactis wegneri
• Promalactis wonjuensis
• Promalactis xianfengensis
• Promalactis yaeyamaensis
• Promalactis yunnanella
• Promalactis zhejiangensis
• Promalactis zhengi

References

1. Wang, S.-X.; Hu, S.; Li, H. 2015: Review of the genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) 1. Introduction and Promalactis species list of the world. Zootaxa, 4059 (3): 446-470. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4059.3.2
2. Genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae) from China: Descriptions of twelve new species

• Du, Z.-H., Li, H.-H. & Wang, S.-X., 2011: Taxonomic study of the genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Hainan Province, China. Zootaxa, 3044: 49–64. Preview.
• Du, Z.-h. & S.-x. Wang, 2012: One new species and two newly recorded species in the genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from China. Entomotaxonomia 34 (2): 247-252.
• Du, Z.H.; L. Zhang & S.X. Wang, 2009: Four new species of the genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 from China (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología 37 (147): 319-325.
• Du, Z.H. & S.X. Wang, 2011: Two new species and two newly recorded species of the genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 36 (3): 581-585. Abstract and full article:
• Fujisawa, K., 2002: The genus Promalactis (Oecophoridae) from Japan. Japan Heterocerists' Journal 218: 337-350.
• Kim, S.; K. T. Park; B. K. Byun; J. B. Heppner & S. W. Lee, 2012: Genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) in northern Vietnam. Part II: six new species of the genus. Journal of Natural History 46 (15-16): 897-909. Abstract: doi:10.1080/00222933.2011.651634.
• Kim, S.; K. T. Park; B. K. Byun & S. W. Lee, 2010: Genus Promalactis (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from North Vietnam, Part 1: description of five new species. Florida Entomologist 93 (4): 546-557. Full article: .
• Lvovsky, A. L., 1985: New species of the broad winged moths (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Primorye Region. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Leningrad 134: 95-101.
• Lvovsky, A. L., 1986: A review of the broad-winged moths (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) of the Far East. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Leningrad 145: 72-74.
• Lvovsky, A. L., 1988: New and little known species of broad-winged moths (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Vietnam. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 176: 120-128.
• Lvovsky, A. L., 1997: New and little-known species of oecophorid moths (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Vietnam. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 76 (6): 759-762.
• Lvovsky, A. L., 2000: New and little known species of oecophorid moths of the genera Epicalima Dyar, 1903 and Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from South East Asia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 79 (3): 664-691. (= Entomological Review 2000 80 (5): 544-568).
• Lvovsky, A. L., 2000: A new subspecies of Promalactis autoclina Meyrick, 1935 from Indonesia (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Atalanta 31 (1/2): 245-247.
• Lvovsky, A. L., 2007: New species of the moth genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 from Indonesia and Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Zoosystematica Rossica 16 (1): 127-130.
• Lvovsky, A. L., 2010: A new species of the genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 from China (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Atalanta 41 (1/2): 271-272.
• Park, K. T. & Y. M. Park, 1998: Genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Korea, with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 1 (1): 51-70. doi:10.1016/S1226-8615(08)60006-0
• Wang, S.; Kendrick, R. C.; Sterling, P. 2009: Microlepidoptera of Hong Kong: Oecophoridae I: the genus Promalactis Meyrick. Zootaxa, 2239: 31-44. Abstract & excerpt
• Wang, S.-x. 1998: Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 23 (4). .
• Wang, S,-X., 2006: Oecophoridae of China (Insecta: Lepidoptera). 1-258. Science Press, Beijing.
• Wang, S.-x.; Li, H.-h. 2004: A study on the genus Promalactis from China: descriptions of 15 new species (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Oriental Insects, 38: 1-25.
• Wang, S. X. , H. H. Li & Z. M. Zheng, 2000: A study on the genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from China: five new species and two new record species. Entomologia Sinica 7 (4): 289-298.
• Wang, S. X. , H. H. Li & Z. M. Zheng, 2001: One new species and one new record of the genus Promalactis Meyrick from China (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Acta Entomologica Sinica 44 (1): 92-94. Abstract: .
• Wang, Shu-Xia & Qing Jin, 2007: A new species and a newly reported female of the genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from China. Entomotaxonomia 29 (4): 287-298. Abstract:
• Wang, Shu-Xia & Zhe-Min Zheng, 1998: five new species and one new record of the genus Promalactis Meyrick from China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 10 (23): 399-405. Full article