Public sector undertakings in Kerala
Public sector undertakings in Kerala are of two types, public sector units in which majority shares are owned by Union Government and public sector units in which majority shares are owned by State Government. Public sector undertakings in Kerala,[1][2] i.e. enterprises in which majority shareholder is Government of Kerala are generally divided into Manufacturing & Non-Manufacturing. Some of the PSUs such as Kinfra, KSIDC, SIDCO etc. are promotional agencies.[3] As of 2004 there were 104 enterprises spread over 14 different sectors of Kerala economy. These sectors are as varied as engineering, electronics to wood products & welfare agencies. Eleven units are joint venture of Kerala government with the central government. Most of state PSUs units are under Department of Industries & Commerce (85 enterprises).
The largest enterprises[4] (Based on 2005 figures)
Most of the PSUs in Kerala were loss making units until 2016.[5] The combined net profit made by all 40 State PSUs under the Industries Department was 110.41 crore in 2012–13. However, from 2013-14 onwards, the combined net profits of these State PSUs has been negative. It was (-)131.9 crore in 2015-16 when the UDF government was voted out of power.
One year into its tenure, during the 2016-17 period the LDF government brought down the loss from Rs 131.9 crore to Rs 80.67 crore. The financial year ending 2018 March gave more reason to cheer for the state government as the combined results of all PSU's aggregated a net profit of Rs 106.91 crore .[6] [7]
Losses in PSU were due to poor management, planning & implementation.[8]
For example, the chemical PSUs under industries department which had made about 110 Cr Indian rupees in profit in the year 2012-2013 suddenly dropped to just 19 Cr in 2013-2014 and by 2014-2015 were at a loss of about 44 crore .
However under the new LDF government by 2016-2017 these were back in profit netting in 44 Cr Indian rupees in profits.[9]
17 public sector units in the state had registered operational profit in the financial year 2018–19 with a total operating profit of Rs 330.36 crore and a net profit of Rs 258.29 crore.[10]
The increased dependency on budgetary support even for continuing regular operations of PSUs was a major concern during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. However, from the last year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2016-17) onwards, major initiatives for strengthening and revamping of PSUs under the Industries Department are being undertaken. Five units namely Travancore Titanium Products Ltd., Travancore Cochin Chemicals Ltd., Traco Cable Company Ltd., Steel Industrial Forgings Ltd. and Transformers and Electricals Kerala Ltd. have seen a turn around in 2016–17. But in 2017–18, PSUs under Industries Department have made remarkable achievements. The combined net profit made by all 40 State PSUs as on 30th August, 2017 was 21.5 crore. It is notable that these PSUs have registered positive combined net profit after incurring net combined losses for 4 years.[11]
State PSUs under the Industries department have been showing sign of improvement from 2016-17 onwards. Thirteen State PSUs under the Industries Department reported profits in 2016-17 as against only eight in 2015–16.
The number of loss-making State PSUs decreased from 32 in 2015-16 to 27 in 2016–17, and the total losses made by loss-making State PSUs during this period also decreased from 226.6 crore to 180.5 crore. [12]
Kerala Government have chosen to restructure the loss making units and not privatisation.[13]
"Kerala government should take a cue from the disinvestment process initiated at the Centre and initiate it at the State level" was a popular opinion held prior to 2016 . However the case seems to changing and now PSUs offer tremendous hope to Kerala . [14]
List of state PSUs in Kerala
| Sl. No | Company | HQ Location | Sector | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Technopark,Thiruvananthapuram | Thiruvananthapuram | Development & Infrastructure, Information Technology | Profit Making,Single largest employment facilitator in Kerala |
| 2 | Autokast Limited | Cherthala | Engineering | profit making |
| 3 | Bekal Resorts Development Corporation Ltd., | Thiruvananthapuram | Tourism | Profit making |
| 4 | Foam Mattings (India) Limited | Alappuzha | Traditional industry | |
| 5 | Forest Industries (Travancore) Limited, | Kochi | Wood based industry | |
| 6 | Handicrafts Development Corporation of Kerala Ltd | Thiruvananthapuram | Traditional industry | Loss making |
| 7 | InfoPark, Kochi | Kochi | Information Technology | Profit Making |
| 8 | Kerala Agro Industries Corporation Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Agro based | Profit Making |
| 9 | Kerala Agro Machinery Corporation Ltd., | Kochi | Engineering | Profit Making |
| 10 | Kerala Artisans' Development Corporation Ltd., | Thiruvananthapuram | Welfare | loss making |
| 11 | Kerala Automobiles Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Engineering | Loss making |
| 12 | The Kerala Ceramics Limited | Kundara | Ceramics & Refractories | Loss making |
| 13 | Kerala Clays and Ceramic Products Limited | Kannur | Ceramics & Refractories | Profit making |
| 14 | Kerala Construction Components Limited | Cherthala | Ceramics & Refractories | Closed down |
| 15 | Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company Ltd. | Kochi | Electrical equipment | |
| 16 | Kerala Solvent Extractions Ltd | Thrissur | Agro based | Profit Making |
| 17 | Kerala Garments Limited | Kannur | Textiles | Closed down |
| 18 | Kerala Hitech Industries Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Engineering | |
| 19 | Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA) | Thiruvananthapuram | Developmental & Infrastructure | |
| 20 | Kerala Khadi & Village Industries Board | Thiruvananthapuram | Traditional industry | |
| 21 | Kerala Land Development Corporation Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Developmental & Infrastructure | Loss making |
| 22 | Kerala Medical Services, Corporation | Thiruvananthapuram | ||
| 23 | Kerala Minerals and Metals Ltd. | Kollam | Chemical industries | Profit Making |
| 24 | Kerala Police Housing and Construction Corporation Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Developmental & Infrastructure | Loss making |
| 25 | Kerala Premo Pipe Factory | Chavara | Unit closed down | |
| 26 | Kerala Shipping & Inland Navigation Corporation Ltd. | Kochi | Public utilities | |
| 27 | Kerala Small Industries Development Corporation Ltd., (SIDCO) | Thiruvananthapuram | Developmental & Infrastructure | Profit making |
| 28 | Kerala Soaps & Oils Ltd. (Not to be confused with Kerala Soaps Unit) | Kozhikode | Chemical industries | Liquidated |
| 29 | The Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd | Thiruvananthapuram | Agro based | Loss making |
| 30 | Kerala State Beverages (M&M) Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Trading unit | |
| 31 | Kerala State Cashew Development Corporation Ltd. | Kollam | Agro based | Loss making |
| 32 | Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation Ltd. | Kochi | Trading unit | |
| 33 | Kerala State Coconut Development Corporation Ltd. | Attingal | Agro based | Under liquidation |
| 34 | Kerala State Coir Corporation Ltd. | Alappuzha | Agro based | Profit Making |
| 35 | Kerala State Construction Corporation Ltd. | Kochi | Engineering | |
| 36 | Kerala State Co-operative Federation for Fisheries Development Ltd., Matsyafed | Thiruvananthapuram | Fisheries | |
| 37 | Kerala State Detergents and Chemicals Ltd. | Kuttipuram | Chemical industries | Closed down |
| 38 | Kerala State Development Corporation for Christian Converts from Scheduled Castes and the Recommended communities Ltd. | Kottayam | Welfare | Loss making |
| 39 | Kerala State Cooperative Textile Federation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Textile | Loss making |
| 40 | Kerala State Development Corporation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Ltd. | Thrissur | Welfare | |
| 41 | Kerala State Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited | Alappuzha | Chemical industries | Profit making |
| 42 | Kerala State Electricity Board | Thiruvananthapuram | Public utilities | |
| 43 | Kerala State Electronics Development Corporation Ltd., (KELTRON), | Thiruvananthapuram | Electronics | Profit making |
| 44 | Kerala State Film Development Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Developmental & Infrastructure | Loss making |
| 45 | Kerala State Financial Enterprises Ltd. | Thrissur | Developmental & Infrastructure | Profit Making |
| 46 | Kerala State Handicapped Persons Welfare Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Welfare | |
| 47 | Kerala State Handloom Development Corporation Ltd. | Kannur | Traditional industries | Loss making |
| 48 | Kerala State Horticultural Products Development Corporation Ltd., (Horticrop) | Thiruvananthapuram | Agro based | Loss making |
| 49 | Kerala State Housing Board | Thiruvananthapuram | Public utilities | Loss making |
| 50 | Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Development & Infrastructure | Profit Making |
| 51 | Kerala State Industrial Enterprises Ltd | Thiruvananthapuram | Development & Infrastructure | Profit Making |
| 52 | Kerala State Industrial Products Trading Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Trading units | Loss making |
| 53 | Kerala State Maritime Development Corporation Ltd. | Kochi | Public utilities | Loss making |
| 54 | Kerala State Poultry Development Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Agro based | |
| 55 | Kerala State Palmyrah Products Development and Workers Welfare Corporation Ltd., (KELPAM) | Thiruvananthapuram | Welfare | Loss making |
| 56 | Kerala State Road Transport Corporation | Thiruvananthapuram | Public utilities | Loss making |
| 57 | Kerala State Salicylates & Chemicals Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Chemical industries | Closed down |
| 58 | Kerala State Textile Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Textiles | Loss making |
| 59 | Kerala State Warehousing Corporation | Kochi | Agro based | Loss making |
| 60 | Kerala State Women's Development Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Welfare | |
| 61 | Kerala State Wood Industries Ltd. | Malappuram | Wood based industry | Loss making |
| 62 | Kerala Tourism Development Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Tourism | Profit making |
| 63 | Kerala Urban and Rural Development Finance Corporation Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Development & Infrastructure | |
| 64 | Kerala Water Authority | Thiruvananthapuram | Public utilities | Loss making |
| 65 | Malabar Cements Limited | Palakkad | Chemical industries | Profit Making |
| 66 | Malabar Co-operative Textiles Ltd. (MALCOTEX) | Malappuram | Textiles | |
| 67 | Meat Products of India Ltd. | Kochi | Agro based | |
| 68 | Oil Palm India Ltd. | Kottayam | Agro based | Profit Making |
| 69 | Overseas Development and Employment Promotion Consultants Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Labour & Rehabilitation | |
| 70 | Rehabilitation Plantations Ltd | Punalur | Labour & Rehabilitation | Profit Making |
| 71 | Roads and Bridges Development Corporation of Kerala Ltd. | Kochi | Public works | |
| 72 | Scooters Kerala Ltd. | Alappuzha | Engineering | Closed down |
| 73 | Sideco Mohan Kerala Ltd. | Thrissur | Unit closed down | |
| 74 | Sidkel Televisions Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | electronics | Unit closed down |
| 75 | Sitaram Spinning and Weaving Mills | Thrissur | Textiles | Loss making |
| 76 | State Farming Corporation of Kerala Ltd. | Punalur | Agro | |
| 77 | State Rural Development Board | Thiruvananthapuram | Development & Infrastructure | Unit closed down |
| 78 | Steel Complex Ltd. | Kozhikode | Engineering | Loss making |
| 79 | Steel and Industrial Forgings Ltd | Thrissur | Engineering | Profit Making |
| 80 | The Metal Industries Ltd. | Palakkad | Engineering | Loss making |
| 81 | The Metropolitan Engineering Company Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Electrical equipment | Unit closed |
| 82 | The Pharmaceutical Corporation (IM) Kerala Ltd., (Oushadhi) | Thrissur | Chemical industries | Profit Making |
| 83 | The Plantation Corporation of Kerala Ltd. | Kottayam | Agro based | |
| 84 | The Priyadarshini Co-operative Spinning Mills Ltd. | Kottayam | Textiles | |
| 85 | Tourist Resorts (Kerala) Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Tourism | |
| 86 | Astral Watches Limited, Kowdiar | Thiruvananthapuram | Engineering | Company declared Defunct[15] |
| 87 | Traco Cable Company Ltd. | Kochi | Electrical equipment | Loss making |
| 88 | Transformers and Electricals Kerala Limited | Kochi | Electrical equipment | Profit Making |
| 89 | Tranvancore Cochin Chemicals Ltd. | Kochi | Chemical industries | Profit making |
| 90 | Travancore Cements Ltd. | Nattakom Kottayam | Chemical industries | Loss making |
| 91 | Travancore Plywood Industries Ltd. | Punalur | Wood based industry | Closed down |
| 92 | Travancore Sugars & Chemicals Ltd. | Thiruvalla | Chemical industries | |
| 93 | Travancore Titanium Products Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Chemical industries | Profit Making |
| 94 | Trivandrum Rubber Works Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Agro based | Liquidated |
| 95 | Trivandrum Spinning Mills Ltd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Textiles | Closed down |
| 96 | Tourist ResortsLtd. | Thiruvananthapuram | Infrastructure & Development | |
| 97 | United Electrical Industries Ltd. | Kollam | Electrical equipment | Loss making. |
| 98 | Kerala State Rural Women's Electronics Industrial Co-operative Federation Ltd-RUTRONIX | Thiruvananthapuram | Electronic /IT Training | |
| 99 | Kerala Feeds Limited | Thrissur | Cattle Feed | Profit Making |
| 100 | LBS Institute of Technology for Women | Thiruvananthapuram | Engineering Education | |
| 101 | Kerala State Development Corporation for Christian Converts from Scheduled Castes and the Recommended Communities | Kottayam | Financing, Marketing, Education | Loss Making |
| 102 | The Trichur Co-operative Spinning Mills Ltd | Textiles | ||
List of state PSUs in Kerala under joint ownership with Central Government
| Sl. No | Company | HQ Location | Sector | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Handicrafts Development Corporation of Kerala Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Traditional industry | Loss making |
| 2 | Kerala Agro Industries Corporation Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Agro based | |
| 3 | Kerala Forest Development Corporation Limited | Kottayam | Agro based | Profit Making |
| 4 | Kerala Khadi & Village Industries Board | Thiruvananthapuram | Traditional industry | |
| 5 | Kerala State Road Transport Corporation | Thiruvananthapuram | Public utilities | Loss making |
| 6 | Kerala State Warehousing Corporation | Kochi | Agro based | Loss making |
| 7 | Kerala State Women's Development Corporation Limited. | Thiruvananthapuram | Welfare | |
| 8 | Kerala State Wood Industries Ltd. | Malappuram | Wood based industry | Loss making |
| 9 | Oil Palm India Ltd. | Kottayam | Agro based | Profit Making |
| 10 | Rehabilitation Plantations Limited | Punalur | Labour & Rehabilitation | Profit Making |
| 11 | Kerala Land Development Corporation Limited | Thiruvananthapuram | Developmental & Infrastructure | Loss making |
| 12 | Kochi Metro Rail Limited | Kochi | Metro rail |
References
- http://kerala.gov.in Archived 18 May 2006 at the Wayback Machine
- http://keralaindustry.org/
- http://www.keralaindustry.org/Synergising_PSU%27s.pdf
- A REVIEW OF PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN KERALA 2004–2005, Bureau of Public Enterprises, Government of Kerala
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 July 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/from-rs-131-6-crore-net-loss-kerala-s-psus-post-rs-106-91-crore-net-profit-in-2-years-1242712-2018-05-26
- http://spb.kerala.gov.in/ER2017/web_e/ch312.php?id=31&ch=312
- "Kerala public sector units lack accountability: CAG".
- http://spb.kerala.gov.in/ER2017/web_e/ch312.php?id=31&ch=312
- https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2019/apr/11/17-psus-in-kerala-register-operational-profit-as-13-clock-net-profit-1962900.html
- http://spb.kerala.gov.in/ER2017/web_e/ch312.php?id=31&ch=312
- http://spb.kerala.gov.in/ER2017/web_e/ch312.php?id=31&ch=312
- Restructuring public enterprises in India: privatisation and disinvestment By R. K. Mishra, B. Navin 2002.
- Kumar, V Sajeev (30 June 2016). "Call to divest from loss-making PSUs". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
- http://www.bpe.kerala.gov.in/pages/BPE%20Doc/52.pdf