Records for safeties in football

In gridiron football, a safety is scored when the ball becomes dead behind the goal line of the team in possession of the ball (unless the ball arrived in the end zone due to impetus from the other team). Due to their uncommon nature, there are a number of records relating to safeties.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Games in which both teams scored a safety

According to Pro Football Reference, only 9 NFL games since 1940, and only 1 since 1995, have seen both teams score at least one safety. In none of these 9 games did either team score more than one safety.[1]

Date Road team Road Score Home team Home Score
October 19, 1952[2] San Francisco 49ers 40 Chicago Bears 16
October 22, 1972[3] Cincinnati Bengals 12 Los Angeles Rams 15
September 19, 1976[4] Chicago Bears 19 San Francisco 49ers 12
October 29, 1978[5] Baltimore Colts 8 Miami Dolphins 26
October 5, 1980[6] Detroit Lions 28 Atlanta Falcons 43
October 2, 1988[7] Houston Oilers 23 Philadelphia Eagles 32
November 14, 1993[8] Cleveland Browns 5 Seattle Seahawks 22
December 4, 1994[9] Arizona Cardinals 30 Houston Oilers 12
November 3, 2019[10] New York Jets 18 Miami Dolphins 26

Games in which a team scored only a safety

According to Pro-Football Reference, only 37 games in NFL history (including the AFPA, AAFC and AFL, leagues that were later merged into the NFL) and only seven since the NFL/AFL merger of 1970 have ended with one team scoring only a safety (or multiple safeties).[11]

Date Winner Winning Score Loser Losing Score
November 29, 1923 Akron Pros 2 Buffalo All-Americans 0
November 21, 1926 Kansas City Cowboys 2 Buffalo Rangers 0
November 29, 1928 Frankford Yellow Jackets 2 Green Bay Packers 0
October 16, 1932 Green Bay Packers 2 Chicago Bears 0
September 18, 1938 Chicago Bears 2 Green Bay Packers 0
October 30, 1921 Dayton Triangles 3 Cleveland Indians 2
October 24, 1926 Chicago Cardinals 3 Milwaukee Badgers 2
November 1, 1931 Green Bay Packers 6 Chicago Bears 2
December 12, 1970[12] Dallas Cowboys 6 Cleveland Browns 2
October 31, 1926 Kansas City Cowboys 7 Hartford Blues 2
November 28, 1926 Kansas City Cowboys 7 Chicago Cardinals 2
December 12, 1993[13] New England Patriots 7 Cincinnati Bengals 2
October 6, 1929 Green Bay Packers 9 Chicago Cardinals 2
November 21, 1926 Duluth Eskimos 10 Canton Bulldogs 2
November 25, 1923 Racine Legion 10 Chicago Cardinals 4^
September 30, 1923 Milwaukee Badgers 13 Oorang Indians 2
October 10, 1926 Milwaukee Badgers 13 Racine Tornadoes 2
December 5, 1983[14] Detroit Lions 13 Minnesota Vikings 2
September 26, 1926 Columbus Tigers 14 Canton Bulldogs 2
October 13, 1929 Green Bay Packers 14 Frankford Yellow Jackets 2
November 28, 1935 Detroit Lions 14 Chicago Bears 2
September 19, 1937 Chicago Bears 14 Green Bay Packers 2
November 11, 1962[15] Baltimore Colts 14 Los Angeles Rams 2
October 10, 1937 Chicago Bears 20 Cleveland Rams 2
November 11, 1926 Providence Steam Roller 21 Canton Bulldogs 2
September 20, 1933 New York Giants 23 Pittsburgh Pirates 2†
September 14, 1963[16] Detroit Lions 23 Los Angeles Rams 2
December 17, 1972[17] Pittsburgh Steelers 24 San Diego Chargers 2
December 14, 1980[18] New England Patriots 24 Buffalo Bills 2
January 8, 2012 [19] New York Giants 24 Atlanta Falcons 2‡
December 22, 1957[20] Pittsburgh Steelers 27 Chicago Cardinals 2
September 8, 2013 Kansas City Chiefs 28 Jacksonville Jaguars 2
October 11, 1936 Green Bay Packers 31 Boston Redskins 2
September 19, 1965[21] Dallas Cowboys 31 New York Giants 2
September 22, 1968[22] (AFL) Kansas City Chiefs 34 Denver Broncos 2
November 6, 1949[23] (AAFC) Cleveland Browns 35 Chicago Hornets 2
October 1, 1972[24] San Francisco 49ers 37 New Orleans Saints 2
December 5, 1953[25] Los Angeles Rams 45 Baltimore Colts 2

^ This is the only game in NFL history that finished with either the winning or the losing team scoring a total of 4 points.[11]
† This was the first ever game of the Pittsburgh Steelers, then the Pirates, thus scoring the franchise's first points on a safety.
‡ This is the only playoff game where a team scored a total of 2 points.

Records

The NFL team record for safeties in a game is three, which all occurred when the Los Angeles Rams recorded 3 against the New York Giants on September 30, 1984.[26] The individual record is two, by the Rams' Fred Dryer against the Green Bay Packers on October 21, 1973.[26] Jared Allen, Ted Hendricks, Justin Houston and Doug English share the NFL career record for safeties with four.[26]

League-wide, the record for most safeties scored by all teams in a regular season is 26 in 1988. The fewest safeties scored across the league is 0, occurring in 1943. The season with the greatest frequency of safeties was 1932, with 8 safeties in 48 games (one safety every six games). The season with the lowest frequency of safeties, outside of the 1943 season, was 1966, with 3 safeties in 105 games (one safety every 35 games).[27]

Only three regular-season NFL games have ever ended in overtime with a safety: in 1989 when the Minnesota Vikings defeated the Los Angeles Rams 23–21 when Mike Merriweather blocked a punt into the end zone, in 2004 when the Chicago Bears defeated the Tennessee Titans 19–17 when Billy Volek fumbled in his own end zone and a teammate recovered it but was unable to get out of the end zone, and in 2013 when the Miami Dolphins defeated the Cincinnati Bengals 22-20 when Cameron Wake sacked Andy Dalton in the end zone. In a 1989 pre-season game, the New York Jets defeated the host Kansas City Chiefs 15–13 in overtime when Jets defensive lineman Dennis Byrd sacked Chiefs third-string quarterback Mike Elkins in the end zone.[28]

The NCAA does not keep individual statistics for safeties. Three Division I-A teams have scored three safeties in a game: Arizona State in 1996 (in a 19-0 victory over then-No. 1 and two-time defending national champion Nebraska, ending the Cornhuskers' 26-game winning streak); North Texas in 2003; and Bowling Green in 2005. In Division I-AA, the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 2007 scored only six points in a game, from three safeties against Rhode Island. UMass had also scored three safeties in a game against Albany in 2005, a Division I-AA record. In 2004, when Iowa defeated Penn State 6–4, because of Iowa's two field goals and Penn State's two safeties, it was the only instance of such a score in the modern era, and it was the first time since Florida lost to Miami 31–4 in 1987 that a team finished a game with exactly four points. The only other occasion on which a game ended with that score was when Rutgers defeated Princeton in 1869 by six "runs" to four in what is recognized as the first intercollegiate football game.

Notable safeties

1929 Rose Bowl

On January 1, 1929, the California Golden Bears faced the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. Midway through the second quarter, Roy Riegels, who played center, picked up a fumble by Tech's Jack "Stumpy" Thomason. Just 30 yards away from the Yellow Jackets' end zone Riegels scooped up the fumble, but somehow was turned around and ran 69 yards in the wrong direction.[29] Teammate and quarterback Benny Lom chased Riegels and screamed at him to stop. Lom finally caught up with Riegels at California's 3-yard line and tried to turn him around, but he was hit by a wave of Tech players and thrown back to the 1-yard line. The Bears chose to punt rather than risk a play so close to their own end zone, but Tech's Vance Maree blocked Lom's punt for a safety, giving Georgia Tech a 2–0 lead. Georgia Tech would ultimately win the game—and their second national championship—by a final score of 8–7. The play is often cited as the worst blunder in the history of college football.[30]

The Baugh/Marshall Rule

In the first quarter of the 1945 NFL Championship Game, the Washington Redskins had the ball at their own 5-yard line. Dropping back into his own end zone, quarterback Sammy Baugh threw, but the ball hit the goal post (which at the time was on the goal line instead of at the back of the end zone) and bounced back to the ground in the end zone. Under the rules at the time, this was ruled as a safety and thus gave the Cleveland Rams a 2–0 lead. The Rams went on to win 15–14, as the safety proved to be the margin of victory. Redskins owner George Preston Marshall was so incensed at the outcome that he became a major force in passing the following major rule change after the season: A forward pass that strikes the goal posts is automatically ruled incomplete. This change later became known as the "Baugh/Marshall Rule".[31] The rule later became obsolete when the goalposts were moved to the back of the end zone, eliminating the possibility of a forward pass striking them.

The wrong way run

On October 25, 1964, Minnesota Vikings defensive end Jim Marshall recovered a San Francisco 49ers fumble but ran 66 yards the wrong way into his own end zone.[32] He subsequently tossed the ball out of the end zone, thinking he had scored a touchdown. Instead, the 49ers were credited with two points (a safety), which also means this is the first time the offense received points for a 2-point safety in the NFL. Despite the gaffe, the Vikings won the game 27–22, with the final margin of victory provided by a Carl Eller touchdown return of a fumble caused by a Marshall sack.

First one-point safety

The first known occurrence of a one-point safety (conversion safety) was in an NCAA game on October 2, 1971, scored by Syracuse in the first quarter of a game at Indiana. On a point-after-touchdown kick, the ball was kicked almost straight up in the air. An Indiana player illegally batted the ball in the end zone (a spot foul defensive penalty). Syracuse won the game, 7-0.[33][34][35] The 1970 rulebook (Rule 8-5-3) stated, "If a scrimmage kick fails to cross the neutral zone, or crosses the neutral zone and is first touched by Team B, or is untouched and then rebounds into the end zone where it is recovered by Team A, it is a safety," and (8-5-4) "If the penalty for a foul committed when the ball is free leaves the ball behind a goal line, it is a safety if behind the offender's goal line."[36]

Intentional safety gone awry

On November 21, 1998, Notre Dame hosted LSU in a college game. With Notre Dame leading 39–34 in the final seconds, their head coach Bob Davie ordered quarterback Jarious Jackson to kneel down in his own end zone after time had expired. However, just as Jackson knelt down to take the intentional safety, a pair of LSU defenders hit him and sprained his right MCL.[37] Ranked No. 10 with a 9–1 record, Notre Dame needed just one more win at unranked USC to clinch a BCS bowl game, but the Irish failed to score a point with two back-up quarterbacks at the helm in an eventual 10–0 loss. Notre Dame settled for a bid to the Gator Bowl, and lost that game 35–28 to No. 17 Georgia Tech.

"Impetus" safeties lead to 2001 rule change

Prior to the 2001 NFL season, a safety was awarded when a defensive player's momentum or impetus in recovering a fumble carried him into his own end zone; on the other hand, if that same defender was intercepting a pass and his momentum carried him into the end zone, the ball would then be spotted at the point where the interception occurred.[38] The former scenario happened twice during the 2000 season:

On September 17, the Carolina Panthers were trailing the Atlanta Falcons, 13–10, with 2:12 remaining in the fourth quarter. Falcons running back Jamal Anderson ran 42 yards to the Carolina 16-yard line before he was stripped by Panthers defensive back Doug Evans. Evans then grabbed the fumble at the 2-yard line, but his momentum carried him through the side of his own end zone. The play was ruled a safety, and the Falcons held on to win, 15–10. After the game, Panthers head coach George Seifert told reporters that he was confused by the call, saying, "from what I understand right now, it's a different rule than it is if you intercept the ball and momentum carries you into the end zone than it is for a fumble recovery ... That is something that possibly would be looked into with the Competition Committee".[38]

Then on December 16, the Seattle Seahawks trailed the Oakland Raiders, 24–19, in the fourth quarter in a game played in a rainstorm at Husky Stadium. Seahawks running back Ricky Watters ran 53 yards to the Oakland 28-yard line, before he was stripped of the ball by the Raiders' Charles Woodson. In the ensuing scramble for recovery, the ball was batted multiple times towards the Oakland goal line. Raiders safety Marquez Pope eventually recovered the ball at the Oakland 2-yard line, but with the wet field, his momentum caused him to slide into the Oakland end zone before being touched. This play was also ruled a safety, and with the score now 24–21, the Seahawks then rallied for a late touchdown and a 27-24 victory. And just like Seifert did during the Falcons-Panthers game, Raiders head coach Jon Gruden complained about the safety call.[39]

The losses were costly to both teams. The Panthers were never able to sustain any momentum after that early season loss and finished, out of the playoffs, with a 7–9 record. The Raiders' loss dropped them to 11–4 and eliminated them from contention for the AFC's first seed. The Raiders did clinch the AFC West division, but ultimately lost to the Baltimore Ravens, the eventual Super Bowl XXXV champions, in the AFC Championship Game. The following season, the NFL modified the rules so that fumble recoveries, as well as interceptions, would now be awarded at the spot of the recovery, not where the player's momentum carries him, even into his own end zone.

Dan Orlovsky blunder

On October 12, 2008 in a game against the Minnesota Vikings, Detroit Lions quarterback Dan Orlovsky, scrambling with the ball in his own end zone after having lined up in a shotgun formation, inadvertently stepped on the end line. He was therefore out of bounds from the end zone, resulting in a safety for Minnesota.[40] When the officials blew their whistles, Orlovsky did not know why the play was being stopped. According to Tom Pedula in USA Today, Orlovsky said, "When they started blowing the whistle, I was like, 'Did we false start or were they offsides or something?' Then I looked and I was like, 'You are an idiot.'"[41] The two points proved to be the difference in a 12–10 Vikings victory. The media labeled the play as emblematic of the Lions' struggles during their eventual 0–16 season.[42]

Instant replay oddity

On October 5, 2009, the Green Bay Packers faced the host Minnesota Vikings on Monday Night Football. The Packers trailed the Vikings 28–14 midway through the fourth quarter. With the ball at the Green Bay one-yard line, the Packers attempted a pass from their own end zone. Vikings defensive end Jared Allen grabbed Packers quarterback Aaron Rodgers from behind for a sack, with Rodgers appearing to fumble the ball at the one-yard line and Allen recovering. Referee Gene Steratore ruled Vikings possession inside the one-yard line. Packers head coach Mike McCarthy challenged the play and asserted that Rodgers' knee was down in his own end zone before the fumble, asking Steratore to award the Vikings a safety and increase their lead to 30–14.

Strategically, the move made sense: the Vikings would have a 16-point lead (still a two-possession game — two touchdowns and two two-point conversions), and the Packers would be allowed to free kick from their own 20-yard line. Had McCarthy not challenged, the score would have remained 28–14, but the Vikings would have almost assuredly increased their lead to a three-possession game with a field goal or touchdown.

Steratore reversed his own ruling[43] and awarded a safety to the Vikings. The Packers added a touchdown (missing a two-point conversion) and a field goal, but lost by the score of 30–23.

A four-point quarter

On Sunday, November 6, 2011, the St. Louis Rams posted the first four-point quarter in NFL history.[44] Leading 9–6 in the third quarter, the Rams' James Hall sacked Arizona quarterback John Skelton in the end zone for the first safety. The Rams' next possession ended in a punt, then, on the Cardinals' first subsequent play from scrimmage, Skelton was flagged for intentional grounding in the end zone. The Rams did not score in the remainder of the quarter, thus scoring a total four points in that quarter. The Rams lost in overtime, 19–13.

Safety, not touchback

On January 1, 2012, the Detroit Lions opened up the scoring in the first quarter with a touchdown, in a game against the Green Bay Packers. On the ensuing kickoff, Packers returner Patrick Lee muffed the ball in his own end zone. The ball bounced off of Lee and left the end zone, still in bounds. Lee, not realizing the ball had fully cleared the goal line, reached over the goal line and brought the ball back into the end zone, where he took a knee for what he thought was a touchback. After discussion among the officials and a replay challenge by Green Bay, the Lions were credited with a safety and a 9–0 lead.[45] Green Bay would however rally to win, 45–41.

A similar situation happened (again, in the NFL) on September 8, 2013, when the Tennessee Titans' Darius Reynaud, in the very first play of his team's regular season, fielded the Pittsburgh Steelers' opening kickoff and took a short step backwards (into the end zone) for what was ruled to be a safety, not a touchback, because the ball was not in the end zone when it was fielded. But Tennessee won, 16-9.[46]

Rule exploitation

On November 27, 2016, the Baltimore Ravens were leading the Cincinnati Bengals 19-12 with eleven seconds left in the game. Baltimore was on fourth down and had to punt the ball. Ravens punter Sam Koch backpedaled and stalled in order to waste the remaining eleven seconds before running through the back of the end zone for a safety. While Koch was killing off time on the clock his Ravens teammates were doing everything to keep the Bengals from returning or blocking the punt. The Ravens special teams were holding and even tackling defenders which results in penalties. A game can end on an offensive penalty. The Ravens were called for holding but the penalty was declined and the safety remained. The Ravens held on to win 19-14.[47] The following season, the NFL passed a rule stating that if a team commits multiple fouls on the same down with the intent of manipulating the game clock, the team will be penalized 15 yards for unsportsmanlike conduct and the game clock will be reset in response to this incident.[48]

Overtime walkoff safeties

Under the original NFL overtime rules in 1974, any score by either team in overtime would win the game ("sudden death" for the loser).[49] The rules were modified in 2012: the first team to possess the ball in overtime wins immediately if they score a touchdown, and the team that kicks off to them at the beginning of overtime wins immediately if they score a safety.[50] There have been only three walkoff safety wins in overtime in NFL history:

  • Minnesota Vikings 23, Los Angeles Rams 21 (November 5, 1989) [51]
  • Chicago Bears 19, Tennessee Titans 17 (November 14, 2004) [51]
  • Miami Dolphins 22, Cincinnati Bengals 20 (November 1, 2013) [52]

On September 8, 2002, an overtime safety nearly occurred in a matchup between the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and New Orleans Saints. Late in overtime, Tampa Bay was pinned back at their own 5-yard line. Tom Tupa attempted to punt on 4th down from the endzone, but Saints defender Fred McAfee was unblocked. As Tupa was being tackled, he attempted a desperation shovel pass to John Howell from his non-throwing arm. The ball was intercepted by James Allen, standing in the confines of the endzone for a game-winning touchdown.[53]

Super Bowl safeties

To this date, a safety has been scored in the Super Bowl nine times, or one every 5.89 Super Bowls, with the Pittsburgh Steelers and New York Giants each being involved in three such instances, with each scoring a safety in two instances and giving up a safety in another. Safeties have occurred in back to back Super Bowls two times and three straight once: Super Bowl IX and Super Bowl X; Super Bowl XX and Super Bowl XXI; and three straight in Super Bowl XLVI, Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII. The longest drought between Super Bowl safeties is eighteen years between Super Bowl XXV to Super Bowl XLIII. The shortest time between Super Bowl safeties is sixteen seconds of game time, between the final play from scrimmage in Super Bowl XLVII and the first play from scrimmage in Super Bowl XLVIII. No safety has ever been scored in the third quarter in any Super Bowl.

Super Bowl IX

The first half of Super Bowl IX between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Minnesota Vikings was a defensive struggle. The only score in the first half came on a second quarter safety by the Steelers. Steelers defensive end Dwight White had downed Vikings quarterback Fran Tarkenton in the end zone after Tarkenton landed on a Dave Osborn fumble in the end zone which had been kicked toward the goal line by the Steelers' L. C. Greenwood. The Steelers led at halftime 2-0 and went on to win 16–6.

Super Bowl X

The Pittsburgh Steelers trailed the Dallas Cowboys 10–7 early in the fourth quarter of Super Bowl X when Dallas punter Mitch Hoopes was forced to punt from inside his own goal line. As Hoopes stepped up to make the kick, Steelers running back Reggie Harrison broke through the line and blocked the punt. The ball went through the end zone for a safety, cutting the Dallas lead to 10–9. The Steelers built on momentum from this play and went on to repeat as Super Bowl champions with a 21–17 victory.

Super Bowl XX

In the fourth quarter of Super Bowl XX, the Chicago Bears scored a safety against the New England Patriots when defensive lineman Henry Waechter sacked substitute quarterback Steve Grogan in the end zone. The Bears dominated the game throughout on both sides of the ball, especially the second half, and won easily 46–10. The safety was the last score of the game by either team. The number 46 had significance as Chicago played a defensive scheme called the "46 Defense" after the jersey number of former player Doug Plank.

Super Bowl XXI

In the second quarter of Super Bowl XXI, the New York Giants scored a safety against the Denver Broncos when defensive end George Martin sacked John Elway into the end zone, cutting the Broncos' 10–7 lead to 10–9. The Giants, who had been ahead earlier, would later retake the lead and go on to win the game 39–20.

Super Bowl XXV

In the second quarter of Super Bowl XXV between the Buffalo Bills and New York Giants, Bills defensive end Bruce Smith sacked Giants quarterback Jeff Hostetler in the end zone for a safety, giving the Bills a 12–3 lead. Smith nearly forced a fumble from Hostetler on the sack but Hostetler held onto the ball to ensure only two points were surrendered. As it turned out, scoring a safety instead of a touchdown was pivotal, as Buffalo ultimately lost the game 20–19.

Super Bowl XLIII

In the fourth quarter of Super Bowl XLIII between the Steelers and the Arizona Cardinals, Steelers center Justin Hartwig committed a holding penalty in the Steelers own end zone, wiping out a 20-yard Ben Roethlisberger pass to Santonio Holmes on third-and-10. The automatic safety cut the Steelers' lead to 20–16 (and subsequently put them behind 23–20 after Larry Fitzgerald caught a 63-yard touchdown pass by Kurt Warner on the Cardinals' ensuing drive after the free kick), but Pittsburgh went on to win 27–23. It was the first time that a safety in the Super Bowl was the result of a penalty.

Super Bowl XLVI

In the first quarter of Super Bowl XLVI between the Giants and the New England Patriots, New England quarterback Tom Brady was called for intentional grounding in his own end zone. While under pressure from the Giants, Brady threw the ball toward the center of the field beyond where any players were. Even though the ball crossed the line of scrimmage, Brady was still in the passer pocket when he released the ball, making the deliberate overthrow an intentional grounding. The Giants went on to win 21–17.

Super Bowl XLVII

In the fourth quarter of Super Bowl XLVII between the Baltimore Ravens and the San Francisco 49ers, with the Ravens ahead 34 – 29 and having the ball with 12 seconds remaining, punter Sam Koch ran the clock for 8 seconds in the end zone before running out of bounds for a 49ers safety. (Had Koch turned the ball over in the end zone, the six points would have put San Francisco ahead 35-34; therefore he ran out of bounds before being under any real pressure.) The Baltimore Ravens would go on to win the game 34-31 with the 49ers being unable to return the ball in the remaining 4 seconds.

Super Bowl XLVIII

On the first play from scrimmage of Super Bowl XLVIII between the Seattle Seahawks and the Denver Broncos, Broncos quarterback Peyton Manning was shifting forward from shotgun formation when the ball was snapped past him and was then recovered in the Broncos' own end zone by Denver halfback Knowshon Moreno. This prevented a Seattle touchdown, but resulted in a 2-0 lead for the Seahawks. This was the fastest score ever in a Super Bowl with just 12 seconds ticking off the clock before the safety.[54] (A penalty was called against Manning for illegal motion; it was declined.) The Seahawks won the game 43-8.

See also

References
  1. Pro Football Reference; In a single game, from 1940 to 2017, requiring opp Safeties >= 1 and Safeties >= 1, sorted by ascending Date
  2. Pro Football Reference; San Francisco 49ers at Chicago Bears – October 19th, 1952
  3. Pro Football Reference; Cincinnati Bengals at Los Angeles Rams – October 22nd, 1972
  4. Pro Football Reference; Chicago Bears at San Francisco 49ers – September 19th, 1976
  5. Pro Football Reference; Baltimore Colts at Miami Dolphins – October 29th, 1978
  6. Pro Football Reference; Detroit Lions at Atlanta Falcons – October 5th, 1980
  7. Pro Football Reference; Houston Oilers at Philadelphia Eagles – October 2nd, 1988
  8. Pro Football Reference; Cleveland Browns at Seattle Seahawks – November 14th, 1993
  9. Pro Football Reference; Arizona Cardinals at Houston Oilers – December 4th, 1994
  10. Pro Football Reference; New York Jets at Miami Dolphins – November 3rd, 2019
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