Reversible-deactivation polymerization

Reversible-deactivation polymerization (RDP) is a form of polymerization propagated by chain carriers the some of which at any instant are held in a state of dormancy through an equilibrium process involving other species.

IUPAC definition

Chain polymerization, propagated by chain carriers that are deactivated reversibly,

bringing them into active-dormant equilibria of which there might be more than one.

Note: examples of reversible-deactivation polymerization are group-transfer

polymerization, reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP),

reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (RAFT)

and atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP).[1]

An example of reversible deactivation anionic polymerization (RDAP) is group transfer polymerization of alkyl methacrylates, where the initiator and the dormant state is a silyl ketene acetal.

In the case of reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP), a majority of chain must be held in a dormant state to ensure that the concentration of active carriers is sufficiently low as to render chain termination reactions negligible.

Despite having some common features, RDP is distinct from living polymerization which requires a complete absence of termination and irreversible chain transfer.

References

Jenkins AD, Jones RG, Moad G (2009). "Terminology for reversible-deactivation radical polymerization previously called "controlled" radical or "living" radical polymerization (IUPAC Recommendations 2010)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 82 (2): 483–491. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-08-04-03. ISSN 1365-3075.

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[JenkinsJones2009-1] Jenkins AD, Jones RG, Moad G (2009). "Terminology for reversible-deactivation radical polymerization previously called "controlled" radical or "living" radical polymerization (IUPAC Recommendations 2010)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 82 (2): 483–491. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-08-04-03. ISSN 1365-3075.