Robert Wilkins
Robert Timothy Wilkins (January 16, 1896 – May 26, 1987)[3] was an American country blues guitarist and vocalist,[1] of African-American and Cherokee descent.[4] His distinction was his versatility: he could play ragtime, blues, minstrel songs, and gospel music with equal facility.[4]
Robert Wilkins | |
|---|---|
 Wilkins performing during the folk revival | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Robert Timothy Wilkins |
| Also known as | "Reverend" Robert Wilkins, Tim Wilkins, Tim Oliver |
| Born | January 16, 1896 Hernando, Mississippi, United States |
| Died | May 26, 1987 (aged 91) Memphis, Tennessee, United States |
| Genres | Country blues[1] |
| Occupation(s) | Musician |
| Instruments | Guitar |
| Years active | 1927–1968[2] |
| Labels | Vanguard |
Career
Wilkins was born in Hernando, Mississippi,[3] 21 miles from Memphis, Tennessee. He performed in Memphis and north Mississippi during the 1920s and early 1930s,[5] the same time as Furry Lewis, Memphis Minnie (whom he claimed to have tutored), and Son House. He also organized a jug band to capitalize on the "jug band craze" then in vogue. Though never attaining success comparable to that of the Memphis Jug Band, Wilkins reinforced his local popularity with a 1927 appearance on a Memphis radio station. From 1928 to 1936 he recorded for Victor and Brunswick Records, alone or with a single accompanist, like Sleepy John Estes, and unlike Gus Cannon of Cannon's Jug Stompers. He sometimes performed as Tom Wilkins or as Tim Oliver (his stepfather's name).
In 1936, at the age of 40, he quit playing the blues and joined the church after witnessing a murder where he performed.[6] In 1950, he was ordained.[7] In 1964 Wilkins was "rediscovered" by blues revival enthusiasts Dick and Louisa Spottswood, making appearances at folk festivals and recording his gospel blues for a new audience.[4] These include the 1964 Newport Folk Festival; his performance of "Prodigal Son" there was included on the Vanguard Records album Blues at Newport, Volume 2. In 1964 he also recorded his first full album, Rev. Robert Wilkins: Memphis Gospel Singer, for Piedmont Records. Another full session, recorded live at the 1969 Memphis Country Blues Festival, was released in 1993 as "...Remember Me".
Wilkins died on May 26, 1987, in Memphis at the age of 91.[3] His son, Reverend John Wilkins, continues his father's gospel blues legacy.[8]
His best-known songs are "That's No Way to Get Along" and his reworked gospel version, "The Prodigal Son" (which was covered under that title by the Rolling Stones), "Rolling Stone", and "Old Jim Canan's". The Stones were forced to credit "The Prodigal Son" to Wilkins after lawyers approached the band and asked for the credit to be changed. Early pressings of Beggars Banquet credited only Mick Jagger and Keith Richards as composers, not Wilkins. The original Beggars Banquet toilet cover credited Wilkins. When the record company rejected the cover, the revised plain white cover mistakenly credited Jagger-Richards as composer. Recent CD releases use the toilet photo with proper credit.[9]
See also
References
- Du Noyer, Paul (2003). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music. Fulham, London: Flame Tree Publishing. p. 181. ISBN 1-904041-96-5.
- "Rev. ROBERT WILKINS". Allaboutbluesmusic.com. January 16, 2015.
- Doc Rock. "New Entries". The Dead Rock Stars Club. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- "Robert Wilkins". Thebluestrail.com. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- Giles Oakley (1997). The Devil's Music. Da Capo Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-306-80743-5.
- Giles Oakley (1997). The Devil's Music. Da Capo Press. p. 139/140. ISBN 978-0-306-80743-5.
- Beaumont, Daniel (2011). Preachin' the Blues: The Life and Times of Son House. Oxford University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-19-975312-3.
- "Reverend John Wilkins". Biglegalmessrecords.com. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- Glover, Tony (March 1, 1969). "The Rolling Stones' Prodigal Son: A Song Confusion". Rolling Stone. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
