Ruby Smith
Ruby Smith (August 24, 1903 – March 24, 1977) was an American classic female blues singer. She was a niece, by marriage, of the better-known Bessie Smith, who discouraged Ruby from pursuing a recording career. Nevertheless, following Bessie's death in 1937, Ruby recorded twenty-one sides between 1938 and 1947. She is also known for her candid observations on her own and Bessie's lifestyle.[1][2]
Ruby Smith | |
|---|---|
| Birth name | Ruby Walker |
| Born | August 24, 1903 New York, United States |
| Died | March 24, 1977 (aged 73) Anaheim, California, United States |
| Genres | Classic female blues[1] |
| Occupation(s) | Singer, songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 1938–1947 |
| Labels | Bluebird, various |
Biography
She was born Ruby Walker in New York City.[1]
She met Bessie Smith, her aunt (by marriage), in Philadelphia. After Bessie's debut recording, in February 1923, Ruby joined her on tour in 1924. Ruby assisted off-stage with costume changes and provided entertainment during intermissions by dancing. Ruby's thoughts of a career as a singer were initially thwarted in 1926 at Bessie's insistence, but they continued traveling together on tour. In Atlanta, Georgia, Ruby spent a night in jail after being caught bringing moonshine for her aunt to consume. In 1927, Ruby was part of the female entourage led by Bessie to the "buffet flats" in Detroit, Michigan. A lengthy recorded interview she gave to Chris Albertson contained references to this time and others,[2] and the recording became part of Bessie Smith's The Complete Recordings, Vol. 5: The Final Chapter box set.[1][3] Of a particularly "open house" sex show, Smith said, "People used to pay good just to go in there and see him do his act."[4]
Later Jack Gee, who was married to Bessie at the time, once implored Ruby to take the musical stage after her aunt had walked out in Indianapolis, Indiana. However, the deception did not last long, and in the event Bessie died in 1937.[1] Shortly afterwards, Ruby adopted the stage name Ruby Smith, and less than a year later she recorded six tracks, including a cover version of Bessie's "Send Me to the 'Lectric Chair Blues". At the same session she recorded her version of "Draggin' My Heart Around", by Alex Hill.[1]
In March 1939, Smith recorded, under the musical direction of James P. Johnson, "He's Mine, All Mine" and "Backwater Blues" (the latter written by Bessie Smith and Johnson). In December 1941, backed by an ensemble led by Sammy Price, she recorded two more tracks, "Why Don't You Love Me Anymore?" and her own song "Harlem Gin Blues". Her final recording sessions took place in August 1946 and January 1947, when she was backed by Gene Sedric's band.[1]
Smith died on March 24, 1977, in Anaheim, California, at the age of 73.[1]
Her recorded work has been issued on several compilation albums, including Jazzin' the Blues (1943–1952), released by Document Records in 2000.[5]
Recordings
| Month/year | Track | Songwriter | Musical direction | Record label |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1938 | "Hard Up Blues" | Bluebird | ||
| 1938 | "Dream Man Blues" | Bluebird | ||
| 1938 | "Selfish Blues" | Bluebird | ||
| 1938 | "Send Me to the 'Lectric Chair Blues" | Bluebird | ||
| 1938 | "Flyin' Mosquito Blues" | Bluebird | ||
| 1938 | "Draggin' My Heart Around" | Alex Hill | Bluebird | |
| March 1939 | "Backwater Blues" | Bessie Smith / James P. Johnson | James P. Johnson | |
| March 1939 | "He's Mine All Mine" | Porter Grainger | James P. Johnson | |
| 1941 | "Make Me Love You" | Porter Grainger | ||
| 1941 | "Fruit Cakin' Mama" | Porter Grainger | ||
| 1941 | "Black Gal" | Porter Grainger | ||
| 1941 | "Thinkin' Blues" | Bessie Smith | ||
| December 1941 | "Why Don't You Love Me Anymore?" | Walmsley | Sammy Price | |
| December 1941 | "Harlem Gin Blues" | Ruby Smith | Sammy Price | |
| August 1946 | "Chicago Woman Blues" | Lawrence | Gene Sedric | |
| August 1946 | "Baby, Baby, Baby Blues" | Lawrence | Gene Sedric | |
| August 1946 | "Sedric's Blues" | Lawrence / Gene Sedric | Gene Sedric | |
| January 1947 | "You Satisfy" | Les Baxter | Gene Sedric | |
| January 1947 | "Hot Sauce Susie" | Demboe | Gene Sedric | |
| January 1947 | "I'm Scared of That Woman" | Gene Sedric | ||
| January 1947 | "Port Wine Blues" | Gene Sedric | ||
See also
References
- Arwulf Arwulf. "Ruby Smith". Allmusic.com. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
- Joseph, Gloria I. (1981). Common Differences: Conflicts in Black and White Feminist Perspectives. Boston: South End Press. pp. 183/4. ISBN 0-89608-317-9.
- "The Complete Recordings, Vol. 5: The Final Chapter: Review". AllMusic.com.
- Chauncey, George (1994). Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940. New York: Basic Books. pp. 250–253. Chapter 8, notes 71, 78. ISBN 0-465-02633-8. Note 71 cites Charles Albertson, "Interview with Ruby Smith", quoted by Eric Garber, "A Spectacle in Color: The Lesbian and Gay Subculture of Jazz Age Harlem", in Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past. Martin Duberman, Martha Vicinus, and George Chauncey, eds. New York: New American Library, 1989, pp. 318–333. Note 78 cites Hazel V. Carby, "Policing the Black Women's Body in the Urban Context", Critical Inquiry (1992), pp. 738–755.
- "Jazzin' the Blues (1943–1952): Review". AllMusic.com.
- Koenig, Karl (2002). Jazz in Print (1856–1929): An Anthology of Selected Early Readings in Jazz. Hillsdale, New York: Pendragon Press. p. 432. ISBN 1-57647-024-5.
- "Sammy Price & the Blues Singers, vol 1: 1938–1941". Document-records.com. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
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