STC1

Stanniocalcin-1 is a glycoprotein, a homologue of a hormone stanniocalcin, first discovered in bony fishes. In humans it is encoded by the STC1 gene.[4][5]

STC1
Identifiers
AliasesSTC1, STC, stanniocalcin 1
External IDsOMIM: 601185 MGI: 109131 HomoloGene: 2374 GeneCards: STC1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 8 (human)[1]
Band8p21.2Start23,841,929 bp[1]
End23,854,806 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern




More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6781

20855

Ensembl

ENSG00000159167

ENSMUSG00000014813

UniProt

P52823

O55183

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003155

NM_009285

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003146

NP_033311

Location (UCSC)Chr 8: 23.84 – 23.85 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2][3]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a secreted, homodimeric glycoprotein that is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and may have autocrine or paracrine functions. The only known molecular function of human Stanniocalcin-1 to date is a SUMO E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in the SUMOylation cycle. However, STC1 interacts with many proteins in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmatic reticulum, and in dot-like fashion in the cell nucleus. The N-terminal region of STC1 is the function region which is responsible to establish the interaction with its partners, including SUMO1.[6] Low-resolution studies shows that STC1 is an anti-parallel homodimer in solution and the cysteine 202 is responsible for its dimerization. All the 5 disulfide bonds of human STC1 are conserved and have the same profile of fish STC.[7] The gene contains a 5' UTR rich in CAG trinucleotide repeats. The encoded protein contains 11 conserved cysteine residues and is phosphorylated by protein kinase C exclusively on its serine residues.

The protein may play a role in the regulation of renal and intestinal calcium and phosphate transport, cell metabolism, or cellular calcium/phosphate homeostasis. Overexpression of human stanniocalcin 1 in mice produces high serum phosphate levels, dwarfism, and increased metabolic rate. This gene has altered expression in hepatocellular, ovarian, and breast cancers,[5] and is a putative molecular biomarker of leukemic microenvironment.

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000159167 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. Chang AC, Jeffrey KJ, Tokutake Y, Shimamoto A, Neumann AA, Dunham MA, Cha J, Sugawara M, Furuichi Y, Reddel RR (Feb 1998). "Human stanniocalcin (STC): genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and the presence of CAG trinucleotide repeats". Genomics. 47 (3): 393–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5120. PMID 9480753.
  5. "Entrez Gene: STC1 stanniocalcin 1".
  6. dos Santos MT, Trindade DM, Gonçalves Kde A, Bressan GC, Anastassopoulos F, Yunes JA, Kobarg J (Jan 2011). "Human stanniocalcin-1 interacts with nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins and acts as a SUMO E3 ligase". Molecular BioSystems. 7 (1): 180–93. doi:10.1039/c0mb00088d. PMID 21042649.
  7. Trindade DM, Silva JC, Navarro MS, Torriani IC, Kobarg J (Aug 27, 2009). "Low-resolution structural studies of human Stanniocalcin-1". BMC Structural Biology. 9: 57. doi:10.1186/1472-6807-9-57. PMC 2744999. PMID 19712479.

Further reading


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