Sarcina (genus)

Sarcina is a genus of Gram-positive cocci bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae.[2][3][4] A synthesizer of microbial cellulose,[5] various members of the genus are human flora and may be found in the skin [6] and large intestine.[7] The genus takes its name from the Latin word "sarcina," meaning pack or bundle, after the cuboidal (2x2x2) cellular associations they form during division along three planes.[8]

Sarcina
Gastric mucosa and sarcina. H&E stain.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Firmicutes
Class:	Clostridia
Order:	Clostridiales
Family:	Clostridiaceae
Genus:	Sarcina Goodsir, 1842[1]
Type species
Sarcina ventriculi Goodsir, 1842[1]

The genus's type species is Sarcina ventriculi, a variety found on the surface of cereal seeds, in soil, mud, and in the stomachs of humans, rabbits, and guinea pigs.[9]

Species

• Sarcina aurantiaca
• Sarcina maxima has been reclassified to Clostridium maximum
• Sarcina ventriculi, also known as Clostridium ventriculi
• Sarcina lutea has been reclassified to Micrococcus luteus
• ''Sarcina troglodytae'' is a chimpanzee pathogen

References

1. Euzéby, J.P. "Sarcina". List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
2. "Sarcina". Random House Dictionary of the English Language. Random House. 2010. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
3. "Result of detail taxonomy information". TXSearch Taxonomy Retrieval. DNA Data Bank of Japan. 19 February 2010. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
4. "Sarcina aurantiaca". Zipcode Zoo. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
5. P. Ross, R. Mayer, and M. Benziman (1991) "Cellulose biosynthesis and function in bacteria," Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 35-58, Mar.
6. HOLT, R. J. (29 July 2006). "The Esterase and Lipase Activity of Aerobic Skin Bacteria". British Journal of Dermatology. 85 (1): 18–23. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb07172.x. PMID 5557829. S2CID 28833614.
7. Crowther, J. S. (1 August 1971). "Sarcina Ventriculi In Human Faeces". Journal of Medical Microbiology. 4 (3): 343–350. doi:10.1099/00222615-4-3-343. PMID 5116255.
8. Michael J. Leboffe & Burton E. Pierce. A Photographic Atlas for the Microbiology Laboratory (4 ed.). p. 39.
9. "Sarcina ventriculi". Stedman's Medical Spellchecker. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Retrieved 31 March 2010.