Sarcosoma

Sarcosoma is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The genus, widespread in north temperate and tropical areas, contains 16 species. The anamorph (asexual) form is the genus Verticicladium.[1]

Sarcosoma
Sarcosoma globosum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Phylum:
Ascomycota
Subphylum:
Pezizomycotina
Class:
Pezizomycetes
Order:
Pezizales
Family:
Sarcosomataceae
Genus:
Sarcosoma

Casp. (1891)
Type species
Sarcosoma globosum
(Schmidel) Rehm (1891)

Ecology and habitat

The type species for the genus, Sarcosoma globosum, occurs in temperate regions and typically inhabits flooded soil and areas in connection to rivers and brooks.[2] It has most of its localities situated in Sweden (122 out of 135 known localities[3]). Sarcosoma globosum is listed as vulnerable by the Swedish red list.[4]

Traits

The type species has large round/cylindrical fruiting bodies (5–12 cm in width).[2] The disc is blackish-brown, is filled with a gelatinous substance and has a velvety exterior.[2]

Placement in the tree of life

Based on an analysis using Maximum Parsimony on two different genes (ITS and 18S ribosomal RNA),[5] Sarcosoma is placed as follows in relation to other genera in the family Sarcosomataceae:

Sarcosomataceae
 

Chorioactidaceae

 
 
 

Donadinia

 
 
 
 

Pseudoplectania

 
 

Sarcosoma

 
 
 
 

Galiella

 
 
 

Urnula

 
 

Plectania

 
 
 
 
 
 

Species

There are 16 species belonging to the genus Sarcosoma as of March 2020, according to the Catalogue of Life.[6]

  • Sarcosoma carolinianum
  • Sarcosoma decaryi
  • Sarcosoma espeletiae
  • Sarcosoma fibula
  • Sarcosoma globosum
  • Sarcosoma godronioides
  • Sarcosoma le-ratii
  • Sarcosoma moelleriana
  • Sarcosoma novoguineense
  • Sarcosoma orientale
  • Sarcosoma sarasinii
  • Sarcosoma tetrasporum
  • Sarcosoma turbinatum
  • Sarcosoma umbrinum
  • Sarcosoma wettsteinii
  • Sarcosoma zelandicum

References
  1. Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 616. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
  2. Ohenoja, E., Kaukonen, M. and Ruotsalainen, A.L., 2013. Sarcosoma globosum-an indicator of climate change?. Acta Mycologica, 48(1).
  3. NT, N. and RE, E., Sarcosoma globosum Bombmurkla. Lerum Naturskyddsföreningen. (https://lerum.naturskyddsforeningen.se/wp-content/uploads/sites/281/2014/02/Sarcosoma_globosum_1445.pdf)
  4. https://artfakta.se/artbestamning/taxon/sarcosoma-globosum-1445
  5. Carbone, M., Agnello, C. and Alvarado, P., 2013. Phylogenetic studies in the family Sarcosomataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales). Ascomycete.org. (doi: 10.25664/art-0075)
  6. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/


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