Senate of Iraq

The Senate of Iraq (Majlis al-A`yan) was the unelected upper house of the bicameral parliament established by the Mandatory Iraq's 1925 constitution. There were around twenty Senators, appointed for eight years by the King of Iraq.[1] The Senate remained in existence until the 1958 revolution.

Presidents of the Senate

Name	Took office	Left office	Notes
Yusuf al-Suwaydi	July 1925	2 November 1929	[2][3][4][5]
Mohammad Al-Sadr	2 November 1929	February 1937	[6][7][8][9][10]
Muhammed Ridha al-Shabibi	27 February 1937	August 1937	[11][8][12]
Mohammad Al-Sadr	December 1937	December 1943	[9][13]
Jamil Al-Madfai	December 1943	December 1944	[14][15]
Salih Bashayan	?	?
Nuri Al-Said	July 1945	21 November 1946	[16]
Mohammad Al-Sadr	June 1948	1948	[9]
Nuri Al-Said	1948	6 January 1949	[14]
Jamil Al-Madfai	? - 1952	January 1953	[14][15][17]
Jamil Al-Madfai	September 1953	1957 - ?	[14][18]
Abdul Hadi Chalabi	? - 1958	14 July 1958	[19]

Members

Members of the Iraqi Senate included:

• Menahem Saleh Daniel. Appointed 1925, representing Iraqi Jews. Remained member until 1932, when he was succeeded by his son.[20][21]
• Mawlud Mukhlis. Appointed 1925. Appointed vice-president of the Senate in 1936, though resigned in 1937 when he was elected Baghdad deputy to Parliament. He later returned to the Senate.[22]
• Muhammad al-Sadr. Appointed 1925, remaining until his death in 1956. President of the Senate from 1929 until 1944, with the exception of 1937.[23]
• Yousef VI Emmanuel II Thomas. Appointed 1925, representing the Chaldean Catholic Church.[24] Remained member until his death in 1947, when he was succeeded by Yousef VII Ghanima.
• Rustum Haydar, appointed 1931.[25]
• Ezra Menachem Daniel (1874-1952). Appointed member 1932, replacing his father; remained on the Senate until his death in 1952.[21]
• Abdul Hadi Chalabi, appointed 1947.
• Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi, appointed 1948–9.[26]
• Tawfiq Wahbi.[27]
• Nureddin Mahmud, member from January 1953 to 1958.[28]
• Sheikh Ahmad A.Yaseen AlAmer, appointed Mayor of Basra and Al Zubair province and Member of Parliament from 1945 - 1950|[29] | The House of Amer[26] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_House_of_Amer_Coat_of_Arms.jpg

See also

• Kingdom of Iraq
• Chamber of Deputies of Iraq

References

1. Orit Bashkin (2008). The Other Iraq: Pluralism and Culture in Hashemite Iraq. Stanford University Press. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-8047-7415-4.
2. "Report by His Britannic Majesty's Government to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Iraq 1925". HathiTrust.
3. "Report by His Britannic Majesty's Government to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Iraq 1927-28". HathiTrust.
4. Lukitz, Liora (July 5, 2005). Iraq: The Search for National Identity. Routledge. ISBN 9781135778217 – via Google Books.
5. "Report by His Britannic Majesty's Government to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Iraq 1927-28". HathiTrust.
6. "Report by His Britannic Majesty's Government to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Iraq 1929". HathiTrust.
7. "Report by His Britannic Majesty's Government to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Iraq 1931". HathiTrust.
8. British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Eastern Affairs, April 1945-December 1945. University Publications of America. January 5, 1997. ISBN 9781556556715 – via Google Books.
9. Ghareeb, Edmund A.; Dougherty, Beth (March 18, 2004). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810865686 – via Google Books.
10. http://www.imarawatijara.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Whos-Who-Iraq-Directory-1936.pdf
11. "'File 11/44 Leading Personalities in Iraq, Iran & Saudi Arabia' [30r] (59/96)". Qatar Digital Library. September 10, 2018.
12. "مجموعة ١٧/ ١٧ "تقارير سنوية لوزارة الخارجية، ١٩٣٢-١٩٣٨، ١٩٤٧. استعراض سنوي للأحداث ١٩٣٩-١٩٤٢. استعراض سياسي ١٩٤٣-١٩٤٤" [و٦٤] (٤٨٣/١٢٧)". مكتبة قطر الرقمية. September 19, 2017.
13. "'File 11/44 Leading Personalities in Iraq, Iran & Saudi Arabia' [30v] (60/96)". Qatar Digital Library. September 10, 2018.
14. Al-Marayati, Abid A. (January 5, 1961). "A diplomatic history of modern Iraq". New York. hdl:2027/mdp.39015001694838.
15. "The Petroleum Times". Petroleum Times. January 5, 1952 – via Google Books.
16. "'File 11/44 Leading Personalities in Iraq, Iran & Saudi Arabia' [32v] (64/96)". Qatar Digital Library. September 10, 2018.
17. "The Middle East and North Africa". 1953.
18. "The Middle East and North Africa". 1957.
19. Blattner, Elwyn James; Blattner, James Elwyn (January 5, 1958). "Who's who in U.A.R and the Near East". Paul Barbey Press – via Google Books.
20. "Daniel, Menahem Salih | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com.
21. T. Morad; D. Shasha (2008). Iraq's Last Jews: Stories of Daily Life, Upheaval, and Escape from Modern Babylon. Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 186. ISBN 978-0-230-61623-3.
22. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A., eds. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. p. 433. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.
23. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A., eds. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. p. 521. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.
24. Kristian Girling (2017). The Chaldean Catholic Church: Modern History, Ecclesiology and Church-State Relations. Taylor & Francis. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-351-70674-2.
25. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A., eds. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. p. 257. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.
26. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A., eds. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.
27. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A., eds. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. p. 653. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.
28. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A., eds. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. p. 406. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.
29. Mohammed (1990), p. 178