Siheung County

Siheung County, alternatively Shihŭng County was a county (gun) in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. This county was abolished in 1989 as its one town(읍) of Sorae and two townships(면) of Gunja and Suam became Siheung City at the same time. Today's Siheung City area did not belong to Siheung County before 1914. The area rather was part of old Incheon or Ansan.

Original Siheung, prior to 1914

Today's eastern part of Guro-gu, most part of Yeongdeungpo-gu(excepting Yeouido and Yanghwa-dong), most part of Gwanak-gu, Geumcheon-gu, part of Dongjak-gu in Seoul, Gwangmyeong City, and some part(Seoksu-dong and Bakdal-dong) of Anyang City in Gyeonggi belonged to the "original" Siheung Country, before the rearrangement of administrative districts by the Japanese colonial government in 1914. The county office was in Siheung-dong, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul.

In Goguryeo era, this area was called "Ingbeollo(잉벌노)"(or Neumnae, 늠내), in Unified Silla Dynasty era Gogyang-hyeon (穀壤縣), and in Goryeo era its name changed to "Geumju(금주, 衿州)." In 1413, it was rebranded as Geumcheon(금천, 衿川) Prefecture and its name changed again "Siheung" in 1785.[1] The prefecture became a county as the rearrangement of administrative districts in 1895 was implemented.[2]

Most part of Anyang, Gunpo, Gwacheon in Gyeonggi, and part of Dongjak-gu, most of Seocho-gu, Namhyeon-dong of Gwanak-gu in Seoul consisted of Gwacheon County; southern part of today's southern part of Siheung City and most of Ansan City belonged to Ansan County. Northern part of Siheung City belonged to Incheon Metropolitan Prefecture (i.e. Incheon Dohobu, 인천도호부).[3] In 1914, the two counties of Gwacheon and Ansan were annexed into Siheung County as part of rearrangement policy of administrative districts.

Administrative districts under original Siheung County
  • South Township (남면) - western Gwangmyeong
  • West Township (서면) - eastern Gwangmyeong
  • Upper-North Township (상북면) - the west part of Yeongdeungpo-gu and the eastern part of Guro-gu
  • Lower-North Township (하북면) - the east part of Yeongdeungpo-gu (including "central" Yeongdeungpo, but excepting Yeouido) and Sindaebang-dong, Daebang-dong in Dongjak-gu
  • East Township (동면) - Gasan-dong and Doksan-dong in Geumcheon-gu, most part of Gwanak-gu(except for today's Namhyeon-dong) and Sangdo-dong in Dongjak-gu
  • County Centre Township (군내면) - Siheung-dong in Geumcheon-gu(the county centre ) and Seoksu-dong, Bakdal-dong in Anyang

After 1914 and the end in 1989

In 1914, Ansan County and Gwacheon County were annexed to Siheung County as a result of the reorganisation scheme of districts by the Japanese colonial government in Korea. Throughout modern Korean history, many parts of Siheung County were separated or annexed into several administrative districts. In 1936, the township of Yeongdeungpo and some part of North township (now most part of Dongjak-gu) were annexed to Gyeongseongbu, or colonial Seoul.[4] In 1949, the villages(리) of Guro and Sindorim were annexed to Seoul.[5] In 1963, Seoul absorbed several Siheung County townships of East (now Geumcheon-gu, Gwanak-gu, and Dongjak-gu) and Sindong (now Seocho-gu),[6] while Hwaseong County's township of Uiwang was absorbed by Siheung[7] and the county office in Yeongdeungpo moved to Anyang township. In 1973, the township of Anyang separated as Anyang City and Sorae township of Bucheon County, now northern part of Siheung City, was ceded to Siheung County.[8] In 1981, the township of Soha and the county branch of Gwangmyeong, instead of being annexed to Seoul, became Gwangmyeong City.[9][10] In 1986, the county branch of Gwacheon(formerly Gwacheon township) became Gwacheon City, while some part of Gunja and Suam townships were annexed into a new-born city, Ansan.[11] In 1989, Siheung County was abolished and its townships became Siheung, Gunpo, and Uiwang City respectively.[12]

Tourism
  • Siheung Lotus Theme Park (Gwangok-ji) - In the ninth year of King Sejong's reign, Kang hui-maeng (1463) brings a lotus flower while he is on his way to the Ming Dynasty. Upon arriving in Joseon, Kang HuI-maeng planted seeds in a pond in Siheung, Gyeonggi-do. The small pond of Gwangok-ji is filled with lotus flowers. [13]

References

(mainly in Korean)

  1. 최완기 [1997년 3월 10일]. 《한양: 그곳에서 살고 싶다?》, 초판, 서울: (주)교학사, 408쪽
  2. 금천구청. "평생학습>교육·문화>". www.geumcheon.go.kr.
  3. "시흥시 사이버역사관". history.siheung.go.kr.
  4. 조선총독부령 제8호 (1936년 2월 14일)
  5. 대통령령 제159호 시·도의관할구역및구·군의명칭·위치·관할구역변경의건 (1949년 8월 13일)
  6. 법률 제1172호 서울특별시·도·군·구의관할구역변경에관한법률 (1962년 11월 21일)
  7. 법률 제1175호 시·군관할구역변경및면의폐치에관한법률 (1962년 11월 21일)
  8. 법률 제2597호 시설치와군의폐치분합에관한법률 (1973년 3월 12일)
  9. "디지털광명문화대전에 오신 것을 환영합니다". gwangmyeong.grandculture.net.
  10. 법률 제3425호 광명시등시설치와군관할구역변경에관한법률 (1981년 4월 13일)
  11. 법률 제3798호 구리시등11개시설치와군관할구역의조정및금성시명칭변경에관한법률 (1985년 12월 28일)
  12. 법률 제4050호 오산시등12개시및태안군설치와군의명칭변경에관한법률 (1988년 12월 31일)
  13. "시흥 연꽃테마파크(관곡지)와 인천 소래습지생태공원". korean.visitkorea.or.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-06-06.

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