Solina Dam
The Solina Dam (Polish: Zapora Solińska) is the largest dam in Poland. It is located in Solina of Lesko County in the Bieszczady Mountains area of south-eastern Poland.
| Solina Dam | |
|---|---|
 Lake from atop the dam | |
  Location of Solina Dam in Poland | |
| Country | Poland |
| Location | Solina |
| Coordinates | 49°23′44.03″N 22°27′11.65″E |
| Purpose | Power |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 1960 |
| Opening date | 1969 |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Gravity |
| Height | 81.8 m (268 ft) |
| Length | 664.8 m (2,181 ft) |
| Width (crest) | 8.8 m (29 ft) |
| Dam volume | 760,000 m3 (990,000 cu yd)[1] |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Lake Solina |
| Total capacity | 472,000,000 m3 (383,000 acre⋅ft) |
| Surface area | 22 km2 (8.5 sq mi) |
| Commission date | 1968 |
| Hydraulic head | 60 m (200 ft)[2] |
| Turbines | 2 x 73 MW Francis-type, 2 x 27 MW reversible Francis turbines[3] |
| Installed capacity | 200 MW |
History
The San river which runs through the area has a large flood plain and a series of floods prompted the consideration of a dam to regulate the water flow. The first plans for a dam in the region came in 1921 and called for a small dam in Myczkowce. The project was slow to begin and with the start of World War II it was put on hold. After the war ended the plans were revised and now included a larger dam in Solina. Various work began in 1953 and the smaller Myczkowce Dam downstream, which would become a supporting dam, was completed in the years 1956-1960. In 1960 work began based on a design by Feliks Niczke of Energoprojekt Warszawa. The construction was completed in 1969 and cost 1.5 billion of 1969 zlotys. 57 km (35 mi) of roads were also constructed as part of the project.
The dam
The dam is 664 m (2,178 ft) long, 8.8 m (29 ft) wide at the crest, and 81.8 m (268 ft) high. Its construction created the largest artificial lake in Poland - Lake Solina. It has four turbines which were initially capable of generating 136 MW of electricity. As a pumped-storage power station, two of the turbines can also reverse flow and send water from the Myczkowce Dam's reservoir back into the Lake Solina for use during peak periods, optimizing power generation. Starting in 1995 efforts have been made to modernize the power plant. The installation of new technologies between 2000 and 2003 and the replacement of the old turbines resulted in the dam currently generating 200 MW of electricity as opposed to 173 MW previously.
The Solina dam is an important tourist attraction of the area. Tours are available and the dam serves as a bridge to the Lake Solina marina.
See also
References
- "FIREWALL in Solina" (in Polish). PGE Energy. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
- "Solina Pumped Storage Power Plant" (PDF). Sandia National Laboratories. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
- "Pumped-Storage Hydroelectric Plants in Poland". IndustCards. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
External links
Media related to Solina Dam at Wikimedia Commons